KEGG   PATHWAY: ko04971
Entry
ko04971                     Pathway                                
Name
Gastric acid secretion
Description
Gastric acid is a key factor in normal upper gastrointestinal functions, including protein digestion and calcium and iron absorption, as well as providing some protection against bacterial infections. The principal stimulants of acid secretion at the level of the parietal cell are histamine (paracrine), gastrin (hormonal), and acetycholine (ACh; neurocrine). Stimulation of acid secretion typically involves an initial elevation of intracellular calcium and cAMP, followed by activation of protein kinase cascades, which trigger the translocation of the proton pump, H+,K+-ATPase, from cytoplasmic tubulovesicles to the apical plasma membrane and thereby H+ secretion into the stomach lumen.
Class
Organismal Systems; Digestive system
Pathway map
ko04971  Gastric acid secretion
ko04971

Other DBs
GO: 0001696
Orthology
K00907  MYLK; myosin-light-chain kinase [EC:2.7.11.18]
K01539  ATP1A; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha [EC:7.2.2.13]
K01540  ATP1B, CD298; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta
K01542  ATP4A; H+/K+-exchanging ATPase subunit alpha [EC:7.2.2.19]
K01543  ATP4B; H+/K+-exchanging ATPase subunit beta [EC:7.2.2.19]
K02183  CALM; calmodulin
K02677  PRKCA; classical protein kinase C alpha type [EC:2.7.11.13]
K04131  CHRM3; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3
K04150  HRH2; histamine receptor H2
K04195  CCKBR; cholecystokinin B receptor
K04218  SSTR2; somatostatin receptor 2
K04345  PKA; protein kinase A [EC:2.7.11.11]
K04515  CAMK2; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) II [EC:2.7.11.17]
K04630  GNAI; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha
K04632  GNAS; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha
K04634  GNAQ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha
K04896  KCNE2; potassium voltage-gated channel Isk-related subfamily E member 2
K04913  KCNK2, K2P2.1; potassium channel subfamily K member 2
K04920  KCNK10, K2P10.1; potassium channel subfamily K member 10
K04926  KCNQ1, KV7.1; potassium voltage-gated channel KQT-like subfamily member 1
K04958  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 1
K04959  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 2
K04960  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 3
K04995  KCNJ1, KIR1.1; potassium inwardly-rectifying channel subfamily J member 1
K04996  KCNJ2, KIR2.1; potassium inwardly-rectifying channel subfamily J member 2
K05003  KCNJ10, KIR4.1; potassium inwardly-rectifying channel subfamily J member 10
K05008  KCNJ15, KIR4.2; potassium inwardly-rectifying channel subfamily J member 15
K05009  KCNJ16, KIR5.1; potassium inwardly-rectifying channel subfamily J member 16
K05031  CFTR, ABCC7; cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator [EC:5.6.1.6]
K05237  SST; somatostatin
K05692  ACTB_G1; actin beta/gamma 1
K05742  SLC9A1, NHE1; solute carrier family 9 (sodium/hydrogen exchanger), member 1
K05858  PLCB; phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C, beta [EC:3.1.4.11]
K08007  EZR, VIL2; ezrin
K08041  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase 1 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08042  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase 2 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08043  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase 3 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08044  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase 4 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08045  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase 5 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08046  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase 6 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08047  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase 7 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08048  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase 8 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08049  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase 9 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K13768  GAST; gastrin
K13855  SLC4A2, AE2; solute carrier family 4 (anion exchanger), member 2
K13961  SLC9A4, NHE4; solute carrier family 9 (sodium/hydrogen exchanger), member 4
K13962  SLC26A7, SUT2; solute carrier family 26 (anion exchange transporter), member 7
K18245  CA2; carbonic anhydrase 2 [EC:4.2.1.1]
K19662  PRKCB; classical protein kinase C beta type [EC:2.7.11.13]
K19663  PRKCG; classical protein kinase C gamma type [EC:2.7.11.13]
Compound
C00001  H2O
C00011  CO2
C00076  Calcium cation
C00080  H+
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00238  Potassium cation
C00288  HCO3-
C00388  Histamine
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00698  Cl-
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01330  Sodium cation
C01353  Carbonic acid
C01996  Acetylcholine
Reference
PMID:18474247
  Authors
Schubert ML, Peura DA
  Title
Control of gastric acid secretion in health and disease.
  Journal
Gastroenterology 134:1842-60 (2008)
DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2008.05.021
Reference
PMID:9307437
  Authors
Urushidani T, Forte JG
  Title
Signal transduction and activation of acid secretion in the parietal cell.
  Journal
J Membr Biol 159:99-111 (1997)
DOI:10.1007/s002329900274
Reference
PMID:12500969
  Authors
Yao X, Forte JG
  Title
Cell biology of acid secretion by the parietal cell.
  Journal
Annu Rev Physiol 65:103-31 (2003)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.physiol.65.072302.114200
Reference
PMID:17928547
  Authors
Heitzmann D, Warth R
  Title
No potassium, no acid: K+ channels and gastric acid secretion.
  Journal
Physiology (Bethesda) 22:335-41 (2007)
DOI:10.1152/physiol.00016.2007
Reference
PMID:19889964
  Authors
Kopic S, Murek M, Geibel JP
  Title
Revisiting the parietal cell.
  Journal
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 298:C1-C10 (2010)
DOI:10.1152/ajpcell.00478.2009
Reference
PMID:15703676
  Authors
Schubert ML
  Title
Gastric secretion.
  Journal
Curr Opin Gastroenterol 20:519-25 (2004)
DOI:10.1097/00001574-200411000-00003
Reference
PMID:16391411
  Authors
Konturek SJ, Konturek PC, Brzozowski T, Konturek JW, Pawlik WW
  Title
From nerves and hormones to bacteria in the stomach; Nobel prize for achievements in gastrology during last century.
  Journal
J Physiol Pharmacol 56:507-30 (2005)
Reference
PMID:20148676
  Authors
Forte JG, Zhu L
  Title
Apical recycling of the gastric parietal cell H,K-ATPase.
  Journal
Annu Rev Physiol 72:273-96 (2010)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-physiol-021909-135744
Reference
PMID:18061403
  Authors
Szaszak M, Christian F, Rosenthal W, Klussmann E
  Title
Compartmentalized cAMP signalling in regulated exocytic processes in non-neuronal cells.
  Journal
Cell Signal 20:590-601 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.cellsig.2007.10.020
Reference
PMID:18626068
  Authors
Heitzmann D, Warth R
  Title
Physiology and pathophysiology of potassium channels in gastrointestinal epithelia.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 88:1119-82 (2008)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00020.2007
Reference
PMID:15579540
  Authors
Heitzmann D, Grahammer F, von Hahn T, Schmitt-Graff A, Romeo E, Nitschke R, Gerlach U, Lang HJ, Verrey F, Barhanin J, Warth R
  Title
Heteromeric KCNE2/KCNQ1 potassium channels in the luminal membrane of gastric parietal cells.
  Journal
J Physiol 561:547-57 (2004)
DOI:10.1113/jphysiol.2004.075168
Reference
PMID:20331540
  Authors
Seidler U, Song P, Xiao F, Riederer B, Bachmann O, Chen M
  Title
Recent advances in the molecular and functional characterization of acid/base and electrolyte transporters in the basolateral membranes of gastric and duodenal epithelial cells.
  Journal
Acta Physiol (Oxf) 201:3-20 (2011)
DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.2010.02107.x
Related
pathway
ko04020  Calcium signaling pathway
ko04530  Tight junction
ko04974  Protein digestion and absorption

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