KEGG   PATHWAY: ko04020
Entry
ko04020                     Pathway                                
Name
Calcium signaling pathway
Description
Ca2+ that enters the cell from the outside is a principal source of signal Ca2+. Entry of Ca2+ is driven by the presence of a large electrochemical gradient across the plasma membrane. Cells use this external source of signal Ca2+ by activating various entry channels with widely different properties. The voltage-operated channels (VOCs) are found in excitable cells and generate the rapid Ca2+ fluxes that control fast cellular processes. There are many other Ca2+-entry channels, such as the receptor-operated channels (ROCs), for example the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors (NMDARs) that respond to glutamate. There also are second-messenger-operated channels (SMOCs) and store-operated channels (SOCs).
The other principal source of Ca2+ for signalling is the internal stores that are located primarily in the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR), in which inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) or ryanodine receptors (RYRs) regulate the release of Ca2+. The principal activator of these channels is Ca2+ itself and this process of Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release is central to the mechanism of Ca2+ signalling. Various second messengers or modulators also control the release of Ca2+. IP3, which is generated by pathways using different isoforms of phospholipase C (PLCbeta, delta, epsilon, gamma and zeta), regulates the IP3Rs. Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) releases Ca2+ via RYRs. Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) may activate a distinct Ca2+ release mechanism on separate acidic Ca2+ stores. Ca2+ release via the NAADP-sensitive mechanism may also feedback onto either RYRs or IP3Rs. cADPR and NAADP are generated by CD38. This enzyme might be sensitive to the cellular metabolism, as ATP and NADH inhibit it.
The influx of Ca2+ from the environment or release from internal stores causes a very rapid and dramatic increase in cytoplasmic calcium concentration, which has been widely exploited for signal transduction. Some proteins, such as troponin C (TnC) involved in muscle contraction, directly bind to and sense Ca2+. However, in other cases Ca2+ is sensed through intermediate calcium sensors such as calmodulin (CALM).
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
Pathway map
ko04020  Calcium signaling pathway
ko04020

Drug
D04789  Lubeluzole (USAN/INN)
Other DBs
GO: 0019722
Orthology
K00476  ASPH; aspartate beta-hydroxylase [EC:1.14.11.16]
K00871  PHKG; phosphorylase kinase gamma subunit [EC:2.7.11.19]
K00907  MYLK; myosin-light-chain kinase [EC:2.7.11.18]
K00911  ITPK; 1D-myo-inositol-triphosphate 3-kinase [EC:2.7.1.127]
K01116  PLCG1; phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C, gamma-1 [EC:3.1.4.11]
K01242  CD38; ADP-ribosyl cyclase 1 [EC:3.2.2.6 2.4.99.20]
K02183  CALM; calmodulin
K02582  NGFB; nerve growth factor, beta
K02677  PRKCA; classical protein kinase C alpha type [EC:2.7.11.13]
K03176  NTRK1, TRKA; neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 1 [EC:2.7.10.1]
K03914  F2R, PAR1; coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor
K03915  BDKRB1; bradykinin receptor B1
K03916  BDKRB2; bradykinin receptor B2
K04129  CHRM1; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1
K04130  CHRM2; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2
K04131  CHRM3; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3
K04133  CHRM5; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5
K04135  ADRA1A; adrenergic receptor alpha-1A
K04136  ADRA1B; adrenergic receptor alpha-1B
K04137  ADRA1D; adrenergic receptor alpha-1D
K04141  ADRB1; adrenergic receptor beta-1
K04142  ADRB2; adrenergic receptor beta-2
K04143  ADRB3; adrenergic receptor beta-3
K04144  DRD1; dopamine receptor D1
K04149  HRH1; histamine receptor H1
K04150  HRH2; histamine receptor H2
K04157  HTR2; 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2
K04160  HTR4; 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4
K04161  HTR5; 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5
K04162  HTR6; 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6
K04163  HTR7; 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7
K04166  AGTR1; angiotensin II receptor type 1
K04169  GRPR; gastrin-releasing peptide receptor
K04189  CXCR4, CD184; C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4
K04194  CCKAR; cholecystokinin A receptor
K04195  CCKBR; cholecystokinin B receptor
K04197  EDNRA; endothelin receptor type A
K04198  EDNRB; endothelin receptor type B
K04211  NTSR1; neurotensin receptor 1
K04222  TACR1; tachykinin receptor 1
K04223  TACR2; tachykinin receptor 2
K04224  TACR3; tachykinin receptor 3
K04226  AVPR1A; arginine vasopressin receptor 1A
K04227  AVPR1B; arginine vasopressin receptor 1B
K04229  OXTR; oxytocin receptor
K04248  LHCGR; lutropin-choriogonadotropic hormone receptor
K04258  PTGER1; prostaglandin E receptor 1
K04260  PTGER3; prostaglandin E receptor 3
K04262  PTGFR; prostaglandin F receptor
K04264  TBXA2R; thromboxane A2 receptor
K04266  ADORA2A, ADOR; adenosine receptor A2a
K04267  ADORA2B; adenosine receptor A2b
K04279  PTAFR; platelet-activating factor receptor
K04282  TRHR; thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor
K04297  LTB4R2; leukotriene B4 receptor 2
K04322  CYSLTR1; cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1
K04323  CYSLTR2; cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 2
K04344  CACNA1A, CAV2.1; voltage-dependent calcium channel P/Q type alpha-1A
K04345  PKA; protein kinase A [EC:2.7.11.11]
K04348  PPP3C, CNA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit [EC:3.1.3.16]
K04357  EGF; epidermal growth factor
K04358  FGF; fibroblast growth factor
K04359  PDGFA; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A
K04360  NTRK2, TRKB; neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 2 [EC:2.7.10.1]
K04361  EGFR, ERBB1; epidermal growth factor receptor [EC:2.7.10.1]
K04362  FGFR1, CD331; fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 [EC:2.7.10.1]
K04363  PDGFRA, CD140A; platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha [EC:2.7.10.1]
K04446  NFATC1, NFAT2, NFATC; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1
K04515  CAMK2; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) II [EC:2.7.11.17]
K04603  GRM1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1
K04604  GRM5; metabotropic glutamate receptor 5
K04632  GNAS; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha
K04633  GNAL; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha
K04634  GNAQ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha
K04635  GNA11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11
K04636  GNA14; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-14
K04637  GNA15; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-15
K04718  SPHK; sphingosine kinase [EC:2.7.1.91]
K04809  CHRNA7; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha-7
K04849  CACNA1B, CAV2.2; voltage-dependent calcium channel N type alpha-1B
K04850  CACNA1C, CAV1.2; voltage-dependent calcium channel L type alpha-1C
K04851  CACNA1D, CAV1.3; voltage-dependent calcium channel L type alpha-1D
K04852  CACNA1E, CAV2.3; voltage-dependent calcium channel R type alpha-1E
K04853  CACNA1F, CAV1.4; voltage-dependent calcium channel L type alpha-1F
K04854  CACNA1G, CAV3.1; voltage-dependent calcium channel T type alpha-1G
K04855  CACNA1H, CAV3.2; voltage-dependent calcium channel T type alpha-1H
K04856  CACNA1I, CAV3.3; voltage-dependent calcium channel T type alpha-1I
K04857  CACNA1S, CAV1.1; voltage-dependent calcium channel L type alpha-1S
K04958  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 1
K04959  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 2
K04960  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 3
K04961  RYR1; ryanodine receptor 1
K04962  RYR2; ryanodine receptor 2
K04963  RYR3; ryanodine receptor 3
K04992  MCOLN1, TRPML1; mucolipin 1
K04993  MCOLN2, TRPML2; mucolipin 2
K04994  MCOLN3, TRPML3; mucolipin 3
K05083  ERBB2, HER2, CD340; receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 [EC:2.7.10.1]
K05084  ERBB3, HER3; receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-3 [EC:2.7.10.1]
K05085  ERBB4, HER4; receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-4 [EC:2.7.10.1]
K05089  PDGFRB, CD140B; platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta [EC:2.7.10.1]
K05093  FGFR2, CD332; fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 [EC:2.7.10.1]
K05094  FGFR3, CD333; fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 [EC:2.7.10.1]
K05095  FGFR4, CD334; fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 [EC:2.7.10.1]
K05096  FLT1, VEGFR1; FMS-like tyrosine kinase 1 [EC:2.7.10.1]
K05097  FLT4, VEGFR3; FMS-like tyrosine kinase 4 [EC:2.7.10.1]
K05098  KDR, VEGFR2, CD309; kinase insert domain protein receptor [EC:2.7.10.1]
K05099  MET, HGFR; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Met [EC:2.7.10.1]
K05100  MST1R, RON, CD136; macrophage-stimulating 1 receptor [EC:2.7.10.1]
K05101  NTRK3, TRKC; neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor type 3 [EC:2.7.10.1]
K05126  RET; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Ret [EC:2.7.10.1]
K05208  GRIN1; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1
K05209  GRIN2A; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A
K05210  GRIN2B; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B
K05211  GRIN2C; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C
K05212  GRIN2D; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D
K05213  GRIN3A; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A
K05214  GRIN3B; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B
K05215  P2RX1; P2X purinoceptor 1
K05216  P2RX2; P2X purinoceptor 2
K05217  P2RX3; P2X purinoceptor 3
K05218  P2RX4; P2X purinoceptor 4
K05219  P2RX5; P2X purinoceptor 5
K05220  P2RX7; P2X purinoceptor 7
K05221  P2RX6, P2RXL1; P2X purinoceptor 6
K05448  VEGFA; vascular endothelial growth factor A
K05449  VEGFC_D; vascular endothelial growth factor C/D
K05450  PDGFC_D; platelet derived growth factor C/D
K05451  NGFA; nerve growth factor, alpha
K05452  GDNF; glial cell derived neurotrophic factor
K05460  HGF; hepatocyte growth factor
K05840  DRD5; dopamine receptor D5
K05849  SLC8A, NCX; solute carrier family 8 (sodium/calcium exchanger)
K05850  ATP2B; P-type Ca2+ transporter type 2B [EC:7.2.2.10]
K05852  PLN; phospholamban
K05853  ATP2A; P-type Ca2+ transporter type 2A [EC:7.2.2.10]
K05857  PLCD; phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C, delta [EC:3.1.4.11]
K05858  PLCB; phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C, beta [EC:3.1.4.11]
K05859  PLCG2; phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C, gamma-2 [EC:3.1.4.11]
K05860  PLCE; phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C, epsilon [EC:3.1.4.11]
K05861  PLCZ; phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C, zeta [EC:3.1.4.11]
K05862  VDAC1; voltage-dependent anion channel protein 1
K05863  SLC25A4S, ANT; solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocator), member 4/5/6/31
K05865  TNNC1; troponin C, slow skeletal and cardiac muscles
K05869  CAMK4; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV [EC:2.7.11.17]
K05871  PTK2B, FAK2; focal adhesion kinase 2 [EC:2.7.10.2]
K06268  PPP3R, CNB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B regulatory subunit
K06856  IGH; immunoglobulin heavy chain
K07190  PHKA_B; phosphorylase kinase alpha/beta subunit
K08041  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase 1 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08042  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase 2 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08043  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase 3 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08044  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase 4 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08047  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase 7 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08048  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase 8 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08049  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase 9 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08774  TGFA; transforming growth factor, alpha
K08794  CAMK1; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I [EC:2.7.11.17]
K09565  PPIF; peptidyl-prolyl isomerase F (cyclophilin D) [EC:5.2.1.8]
K10784  TRAV; T cell receptor alpha chain V region
K10785  TRBV; T-cell receptor beta chain V region
K12042  TNNC2; troponin C, skeletal muscle
K13240  NOS1; nitric-oxide synthase, brain [EC:1.14.13.39]
K13241  NOS2; nitric-oxide synthase, inducible [EC:1.14.13.39]
K13242  NOS3; nitric-oxide synthase, endothelial [EC:1.14.13.39]
K13755  PDE1; calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase [EC:3.1.4.17]
K14077  TPCN2; two pore calcium channel protein 2
K15040  VDAC2; voltage-dependent anion channel protein 2
K15041  VDAC3; voltage-dependent anion channel protein 3
K15590  TFEB; transcription factor EB
K16056  ORAI1; calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1
K16057  ORAI2; calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 2
K16058  ORAI3; calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 3
K16059  STIM1; stromal interaction molecule 1
K16858  VEGFB; vascular endothelial growth factor B
K16896  TPCN1; two pore calcium channel protein 1
K17332  NFATC2, NFAT1, NFATP; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2
K17333  NFATC3, NFAT4; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3
K17334  NFATC4, NFAT3; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 4
K17386  PDGFB; platelet-derived growth factor subunit B
K18196  STIM2; stromal interaction molecule 2
K18496  FGF1; fibroblast growth factor 1
K18497  FGF2; fibroblast growth factor 2
K19662  PRKCB; classical protein kinase C beta type [EC:2.7.11.13]
K19663  PRKCG; classical protein kinase C gamma type [EC:2.7.11.13]
K20858  MCU; calcium uniporter protein, mitochondrial
K22428  FGF23; fibroblast growth factor 23
K22429  FGF21; fibroblast growth factor 21
K22603  FGF19; fibroblast growth factor 19
K22642  SLN; sarcolipin
K22643  MRLN; myoregulin
K23441  MST1; hepatocyte growth factor-like protein
K23445  CASQ2; calsequestrin 2
K23449  TRDN; triadin
K23450  HRC; sarcoplasmic reticulum histidine-rich calcium-binding protein
K23468  CASQ1; calsequestrin 1
K26467  ALN; another-regulin
K26468  SMIM6, ELN; endoregulin
Compound
C00002  ATP
C00004  NADH
C00076  Calcium cation
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01330  Sodium cation
C06124  Sphingosine 1-phosphate
C11556  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
C13050  Cyclic ADP-ribose
C13051  Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate
Reference
PMID:12838335
  Authors
Berridge MJ, Bootman MD, Roderick HL.
  Title
Calcium signalling: dynamics, homeostasis and remodelling.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 4:517-29 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1155
Reference
PMID:11413485
  Authors
Berridge MJ, Lipp P, Bootman MD.
  Title
The versatility and universality of calcium signalling.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 1:11-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1038/35036035
Reference
PMID:15111104
  Authors
Wang MC, Dolphin A, Kitmitto A.
  Title
L-type voltage-gated calcium channels: understanding function through structure.
  Journal
FEBS Lett 564:245-50 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/S0014-5793(04)00253-4
Reference
PMID:11299192
  Authors
Ferrier GR, Howlett SE.
  Title
Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling: role of membrane potential in regulation of contraction.
  Journal
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 280:H1928-44 (2001)
DOI:10.1152/ajpheart.2001.280.5.H1928
Reference
PMID:11698232
  Authors
Keef KD, Hume JR, Zhong J.
  Title
Regulation of cardiac and smooth muscle Ca(2+) channels (Ca(V)1.2a,b) by protein kinases.
  Journal
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 281:C1743-56 (2001)
DOI:10.1152/ajpcell.2001.281.6.C1743
Reference
PMID:8125957
  Authors
Hell JW, Appleyard SM, Yokoyama CT, Warner C, Catterall WA.
  Title
Differential phosphorylation of two size forms of the N-type calcium channel alpha 1 subunit which have different COOH termini.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 269:7390-6 (1994)
Reference
PMID:15000521
  Authors
Yunker AM.
  Title
Modulation and pharmacology of low voltage-activated ("T-Type") calcium channels.
  Journal
J Bioenerg Biomembr 35:577-98 (2003)
DOI:10.1023/B:JOBB.0000008025.65675.37
Reference
PMID:9149541
  Authors
Yakel JL.
  Title
Calcineurin regulation of synaptic function: from ion channels to transmitter release and gene transcription.
  Journal
Trends Pharmacol Sci 18:124-34 (1997)
DOI:10.1016/S0165-6147(97)01046-8
Reference
PMID:10997573
  Authors
Fukunaga K, Miyamoto E.
  Title
A working model of CaM kinase II activity in hippocampal long-term potentiation and memory.
  Journal
Neurosci Res 38:3-17 (2000)
DOI:10.1016/S0168-0102(00)00139-5
Reference
PMID:9235901
  Authors
Della Rocca GJ, van Biesen T, Daaka Y, Luttrell DK, Luttrell LM, Lefkowitz RJ.
  Title
Ras-dependent mitogen-activated protein kinase activation by G protein-coupled receptors. Convergence of Gi- and Gq-mediated pathways on calcium/calmodulin, Pyk2, and Src kinase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 272:19125-32 (1997)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.272.31.19125
Reference
PMID:7861177
  Authors
Furuichi T, Mikoshiba K.
  Title
Inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate receptor-mediated Ca2+ signaling in the brain.
  Journal
J Neurochem 64:953-60 (1995)
DOI:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.64030953.x
Reference
PMID:14572802
  Authors
Bruce JI, Straub SV, Yule DI.
  Title
Crosstalk between cAMP and Ca2+ signaling in non-excitable cells.
  Journal
Cell Calcium 34:431-44 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0143-4160(03)00150-7
Reference
PMID:10331643
  Authors
Lee HC, Munshi C, Graeff R.
  Title
Structures and activities of cyclic ADP-ribose, NAADP and their metabolic enzymes.
  Journal
Mol Cell Biochem 193:89-98 (1999)
DOI:10.1007/978-1-4419-8740-2_13
Reference
PMID:11080247
  Authors
Crompton M.
  Title
Mitochondrial intermembrane junctional complexes and their role in cell death.
  Journal
J Physiol 529 Pt 1:11-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7793.2000.00011.x
Reference
PMID:10508738
  Authors
Grewal SS, York RD, Stork PJ.
  Title
Extracellular-signal-regulated kinase signalling in neurons.
  Journal
Curr Opin Neurobiol 9:544-53 (1999)
DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00010-0
Reference
PMID:12972622
  Authors
Trushin SA, Pennington KN, Carmona EM, Asin S, Savoy DN, Billadeau DD, Paya CV.
  Title
Protein kinase Calpha (PKCalpha) acts upstream of PKCtheta to activate IkappaB kinase and NF-kappaB in T lymphocytes.
  Journal
Mol Cell Biol 23:7068-81 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/MCB.23.19.7068-7081.2003
Reference
PMID:14517314
  Authors
Hutchins JR, Dikovskaya D, Clarke PR.
  Title
Regulation of Cdc2/cyclin B activation in Xenopus egg extracts via inhibitory phosphorylation of Cdc25C phosphatase by Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein [corrected] kinase II.
  Journal
Mol Biol Cell 14:4003-14 (2003)
DOI:10.1091/mbc.E03-02-0061
Reference
PMID:21338471
  Authors
Tornquist K
  Title
Sphingosine 1-phosphate, sphingosine kinase and autocrine calcium signalling in thyroid cells.
  Journal
Acta Physiol (Oxf) 204:151-7 (2012)
DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.2011.02265.x
Reference
PMID:22129055
  Authors
Feske S
  Title
Immunodeficiency due to defects in store-operated calcium entry.
  Journal
Ann N Y Acad Sci 1238:74-90 (2011)
DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06240.x
Reference
PMID:22002090
  Authors
Giachini FR, Lima VV, Hannan JL, Carneiro FS, Webb RC, Tostes RC
  Title
STIM1/Orai1-mediated store-operated Ca2+ entry: the tip of the iceberg.
  Journal
Braz J Med Biol Res 44:1080-7 (2011)
DOI:10.1590/S0100-879X2011007500133
Reference
PMID:19172794
  Authors
Baba Y, Kurosaki T
  Title
[Regulation of store-operated calcium entry by STIM1].
  Journal
Seikagaku 80:1123-8 (2008)
Reference
PMID:19475418
  Authors
Galione A, Evans AM, Ma J, Parrington J, Arredouani A, Cheng X, Zhu MX
  Title
The acid test: the discovery of two-pore channels (TPCs) as NAADP-gated endolysosomal Ca(2+) release channels.
  Journal
Pflugers Arch 458:869-76 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/s00424-009-0682-y
Reference
PMID:19434403
  Authors
Beard NA, Wei L, Dulhunty AF
  Title
Ca(2+) signaling in striated muscle: the elusive roles of triadin, junctin, and calsequestrin.
  Journal
Eur Biophys J 39:27-36 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/s00249-009-0449-6
Reference
PMID:26228554
  Authors
Marty I
  Title
Triadin regulation of the ryanodine receptor complex.
  Journal
J Physiol 593:3261-6 (2015)
DOI:10.1113/jphysiol.2014.281147
Reference
PMID:20807542
  Authors
Arvanitis DA, Vafiadaki E, Sanoudou D, Kranias EG
  Title
Histidine-rich calcium binding protein: the new regulator of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium cycling.
  Journal
J Mol Cell Cardiol 50:43-9 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.yjmcc.2010.08.021
Related
pathway
ko04010  MAPK signaling pathway
ko04070  Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
ko04210  Apoptosis
ko04720  Long-term potentiation
ko04730  Long-term depression

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