Entry Name Oocyte meiosis - Cyprinodon tularosa (White Sands pupfish)
Description During meiosis, a single round of DNA replication is followed by two rounds of chromosome segregation, called meiosis I and meiosis II. At meiosis I, homologous chromosomes recombine and then segregate to opposite poles, while the sister chromatids segregate from each other at meoisis II. In vertebrates, immature oocytes are arrested at the PI (prophase of meiosis I). The resumption of meiosis is stimulated by progesterone, which carries the oocyte through two consecutive M-phases (MI and MII) to a second arrest at MII. The key activity driving meiotic progression is the MPF (maturation-promoting factor), a heterodimer of CDC2 (cell division cycle 2 kinase) and cyclin B. In PI-arrested oocytes, MPF is initially inactive and is activated by the dual-specificity CDC25C phosphatase as the result of new synthesis of Mos induced by progesterone. MPF activation mediates the transition from the PI arrest to MI. The subsequent decrease in MPF levels, required to exit from MI into interkinesis, is induced by a negative feedback loop, where CDC2 brings about the activation of the APC (anaphase-promoting complex), which mediates destruction of cyclin B. Re-activation of MPF for MII requires re-accumulation of high levels of cyclin B as well as the inactivation of the APC by newly synthesized Emi2 and other components of the CSF (cytostatic factor), such as cyclin E or high levels of Mos. CSF antagonizes the ubiquitin ligase activity of the APC, preventing cyclin B destruction and meiotic exit until fertilization occurs. Fertilization triggers a transient increase in cytosolic free Ca2+, which leads to CSF inactivation and cyclin B destruction through the APC. Then eggs are released from MII into the first embryonic cell cycle.
Class Cellular Processes; Cell growth and deathBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Ortholog table Other DBs Organism Cyprinodon tularosa (White Sands pupfish) [GN:
ctul ]
Gene 119794848 prkacaa; protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, catalytic, alpha, genome duplicate a isoform X1 [KO:K04345 ] [EC:2.7.11.11 ]
119787979 cpeb4b; cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 4b isoform X1 [KO:K02602 ]
119782886 cpeb3; cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K02602 ]
119773236 cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 4-like isoform X1 [KO:K02602 ]
119786453 cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 1-like [KO:K02602 ]
119774232 cpeb2; cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02602 ]
119792255 pkmyt1; membrane-associated tyrosine- and threonine-specific cdc2-inhibitory kinase [KO:K06633 ] [EC:2.7.11.1 ]
119775453 ywhae1; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, epsilon polypeptide 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06630 ]
119790248 anapc1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: anaphase-promoting complex subunit 1 [KO:K03348 ]
119773246 anapc7; anaphase-promoting complex subunit 7 isoform X1 [KO:K03354 ]
119771355 anapc10; anaphase-promoting complex subunit 10 isoform X1 [KO:K03357 ]
119782228 smc1a; structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 1A [KO:K06636 ]
119799220 smc1b; structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 1B [KO:K06636 ]
119787383 smc3; structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 3 [KO:K06669 ]
119778512 mad2l1; mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD2A [KO:K02537 ]
119792077 mad2l2; mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD2B [KO:K13728 ]
119777923 mad1l1; mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD1 [KO:K06679 ]
119787836 ppp2r5a; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit alpha isoform [KO:K11584 ]
119794782 ppp2r5cb; protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B', gamma b isoform X1 [KO:K11584 ]
119776390 ppp2r5b; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit beta isoform [KO:K11584 ]
119791930 ppp2r5d; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta isoform [KO:K11584 ]
119792149 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit epsilon isoform [KO:K11584 ]
119773682 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K11584 ]
119792089 ppp2r1bb; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A beta isoform [KO:K03456 ]
119797963 ppp2cab; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
119785392 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K04958 ]
119786603 itpr1b; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958 ]
119776386 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
119777995 ppp3ca; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
119797748 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform-like isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
119778423 ppp3cb; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
119788489 camk2b1; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) II beta 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
119790266 camk2g2; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
Compound C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference Authors Haccard O, Jessus C
Title Oocyte maturation, Mos and cyclins--a matter of synthesis: two functionally redundant ways to induce meiotic maturation.
Journal Reference Authors Crane R, Gadea B, Littlepage L, Wu H, Ruderman JV
Title Aurora A, meiosis and mitosis.
Journal Reference Authors Perdiguero E, Nebreda AR
Title Regulation of Cdc25C activity during the meiotic G2/M transition.
Journal Reference Authors Perry JA, Kornbluth S
Title Cdc25 and Wee1: analogous opposites?
Journal Reference Authors Jessus C, Ozon R
Title How does Xenopus oocyte acquire its competence to undergo meiotic maturation?
Journal Reference Authors Revenkova E, Jessberger R
Title Shaping meiotic prophase chromosomes: cohesins and synaptonemal complex proteins.
Journal Reference Authors Belloc E, Pique M, Mendez R
Title Sequential waves of polyadenylation and deadenylation define a translation circuit that drives meiotic progression.
Journal Reference Authors Pesin JA, Orr-Weaver TL
Title Regulation of APC/C activators in mitosis and meiosis.
Journal Reference Authors Tang W, Wu JQ, Guo Y, Hansen DV, Perry JA, Freel CD, Nutt L, Jackson PK, Kornbluth S
Title Cdc2 and Mos regulate Emi2 stability to promote the meiosis I-meiosis II transition.
Journal Reference Authors Wu JQ, Kornbluth S
Title Across the meiotic divide - CSF activity in the post-Emi2/XErp1 era.
Journal Reference Authors Schmidt A, Rauh NR, Nigg EA, Mayer TU
Title Cytostatic factor: an activity that puts the cell cycle on hold.
Journal Reference Authors Vogt E, Kirsch-Volders M, Parry J, Eichenlaub-Ritter U
Title Spindle formation, chromosome segregation and the spindle checkpoint in mammalian oocytes and susceptibility to meiotic error.
Journal Reference Authors Perry AC, Verlhac MH
Title Second meiotic arrest and exit in frogs and mice.
Journal Reference Authors Tunquist BJ, Eyers PA, Chen LG, Lewellyn AL, Maller JL
Title Spindle checkpoint proteins Mad1 and Mad2 are required for cytostatic factor-mediated metaphase arrest.
Journal Reference Authors Hutchins JR, Dikovskaya D, Clarke PR.
Title Regulation of Cdc2/cyclin B activation in Xenopus egg extracts via inhibitory phosphorylation of Cdc25C phosphatase by Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein [corrected] kinase II.
Journal Related ctul04914 Progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation
KO pathway LinkDB All DBs
