KEGG   PATHWAY: atri00260
Entry
atri00260                   Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Amaranthus tricolor (tampala)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
atri00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
atri00260

Module
atri_M00018  Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:atri00260]
atri_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:atri00260]
atri_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:atri00260]
atri_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:atri00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Amaranthus tricolor (tampala) [GN:atri]
Gene
130820709  aspartokinase 2, chloroplastic isoform X1 [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
130805270  bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase 2, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K12524] [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3]
130810079  uncharacterized protein LOC130810079 [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]
130805204  homoserine kinase [KO:K00872] [EC:2.7.1.39]
130827550  threonine synthase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01733] [EC:4.2.3.1]
130818799  low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
130828278  low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
130828279  low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
130820661  serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
130821133  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 7-like isoform X1 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
130807399  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 3, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
130808964  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 7-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
130825852  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 4 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
130811561  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
130814629  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 4-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
130804328  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 3, chloroplastic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
130828152  serine--glyoxylate aminotransferase [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
130805246  glycerate dehydrogenase HPR, peroxisomal [KO:K15893] [EC:1.1.1.29]
130798715  glycerate dehydrogenase HPR, peroxisomal-like [KO:K15893] [EC:1.1.1.29]
130809850  glyoxylate/hydroxypyruvate reductase HPR3-like [KO:K15919] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
130803886  glyoxylate/hydroxypyruvate reductase HPR3 [KO:K15919] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
130811018  2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
130820382  phosphoglycerate mutase-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K15634] [EC:5.4.2.11]
130808803  phosphoglycerate mutase-like protein 4 [KO:K15634] [EC:5.4.2.11]
130806504  2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglycerate mutase-like [KO:K15633] [EC:5.4.2.12]
130809244  2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K15633] [EC:5.4.2.12]
130818421  D-glycerate 3-kinase, chloroplastic isoform X1 [KO:K15918] [EC:2.7.1.31]
130824374  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 3, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
130824949  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
130824964  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
130827235  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 3, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
130824321  phosphoserine aminotransferase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
130798380  phosphoserine phosphatase, chloroplastic [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
130805152  amine oxidase [copper-containing] alpha 3, peroxisomal-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
130820282  amine oxidase [copper-containing] zeta, peroxisomal [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
130825294  primary amine oxidase 1 [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
130800052  amine oxidase [copper-containing] gamma 2-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
130797702  glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
130804004  glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
130814463  aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
130824536  aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
130811506  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
130804390  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
130804408  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
130800748  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
130800750  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
130803092  glycine cleavage system H protein 2, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
130820621  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
130827818  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 3, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
130814179  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 3, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
130820856  glutamate--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 [KO:K14272] [EC:2.6.1.4 2.6.1.2 2.6.1.44]
130809168  glutamate--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 [KO:K14272] [EC:2.6.1.4 2.6.1.2 2.6.1.44]
130808159  choline monooxygenase, chloroplastic [KO:K00499] [EC:1.14.15.7]
130824446  choline monooxygenase, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K00499] [EC:1.14.15.7]
130798650  betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase, chloroplastic [KO:K00130] [EC:1.2.1.8]
130798651  aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase BADH [KO:K00130] [EC:1.2.1.8]
130813767  aldehyde dehydrogenase family 7 member B4 [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
130825474  probable sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
130827188  threonine dehydratase 1 biosynthetic, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
130813903  threonine dehydratase 1 biosynthetic, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
130804841  serine racemase [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
130798562  tryptophan synthase alpha chain-like [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
130800258  tryptophan synthase alpha chain-like [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
130808191  tryptophan synthase beta chain 1 [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
130814637  tryptophan synthase beta chain 1-like [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
130815758  tryptophan synthase beta chain 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
130803483  uncharacterized protein LOC130803483 isoform X1 [KO:K06001] [EC:4.2.1.20]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
atri00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
atri00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
atri00230  Purine metabolism
atri00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
atri00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
atri00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
atri00300  Lysine biosynthesis
atri00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
atri00460  Cyanoamino acid metabolism
atri00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
atri00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
atri00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
atri00620  Pyruvate metabolism
atri00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
atri00640  Propanoate metabolism
atri00860  Porphyrin metabolism
atri00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
LinkDB

DBGET integrated database retrieval system