KEGG PATHWAY: ccay00270

PATHWAY: ccay00270

Entry

ccay00270                   Pathway

Name

Cysteine and methionine metabolism - Caretta caretta (Loggerhead turtle)

Description

Cysteine and methionine are sulfur-containing amino acids. Cysteine is synthesized from serine through different pathways in different organism groups. In bacteria and plants, cysteine is converted from serine (via acetylserine) by transfer of hydrogen sulfide [MD:M00021]. In animals, methionine-derived homocysteine is used as sulfur source and its condensation product with serine (cystathionine) is converted to cysteine [MD:M00338]. Cysteine is metabolized to pyruvate in multiple routes. Methionine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, methionine is synthesized from aspartate [MD:M00017]. S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM), synthesized from methionine and ATP, is a methyl group donor in many important transfer reactions including DNA methylation for regulation of gene expression. SAM may also be used to regenerate methionine in the methionine salvage pathway [MD:M00034].

Class

Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism

Pathway map

ccay00270

Cysteine and methionine metabolism

Module

ccay_M00034

Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:ccay00270]

ccay_M00035

Methionine degradation [PATH:ccay00270]

ccay_M00338

Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:ccay00270]

Other DBs

GO:	0006534 0006555

Organism

Caretta caretta (Loggerhead turtle) [GN:ccay]

Gene

125640829

CTH; cystathionine gamma-lyase isoform X1 [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]

125641428

KYAT3; kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00816] [EC:2.6.1.7 4.4.1.13 2.6.1.64]

125623342

KYAT1; kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K00816] [EC:2.6.1.7 4.4.1.13 2.6.1.64]

125643160

cystathionine beta-synthase-like isoform X1 [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]

125643177

cystathionine beta-synthase-like [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]

125636505

betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]

125633863

MTR; methionine synthase isoform X1 [KO:K00548] [EC:2.1.1.13]

125639844

MAT1A; S-adenosylmethionine synthase [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]

125626512

MAT2A; S-adenosylmethionine synthase [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]

125641828

MAT2B; methionine adenosyltransferase 2 subunit beta [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]

125634286

AMD1; S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]

125624351

SRM; spermidine synthase [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]

125642127

SMS; spermine synthase isoform X1 [KO:K00802] [EC:2.5.1.22]

125636655

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine phosphorylase [KO:K00772] [EC:2.4.2.28]

125636978

LACC1; purine nucleoside phosphorylase LACC1 [KO:K05810] [EC:2.4.2.1 2.4.2.28 3.5.4.4]

125627578

MRI1; methylthioribose-1-phosphate isomerase [KO:K08963] [EC:5.3.1.23]

125639116

methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase [KO:K08964] [EC:4.2.1.109]

125635714

ENOPH1; enolase-phosphatase E1 [KO:K09880] [EC:3.1.3.77]

125634530

ADI1; acireductone dioxygenase isoform X1 [KO:K08967] [EC:1.13.11.53 1.13.11.54]

125620809

TAT; tyrosine aminotransferase isoform X1 [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]

125621481

L-amino-acid oxidase-like [KO:K03334] [EC:1.4.3.2]

125621772

L-amino-acid oxidase-like isoform X1 [KO:K03334] [EC:1.4.3.2]

125621792

L-amino-acid oxidase-like [KO:K03334] [EC:1.4.3.2]

125621793

L-amino-acid oxidase-like [KO:K03334] [EC:1.4.3.2]

125629566

L-amino-acid oxidase-like [KO:K03334] [EC:1.4.3.2]

125633270

GNMT; glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]

125627374

DNMT1; DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]

125634819

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A isoform X1 [KO:K17398] [EC:2.1.1.37]

125622252

DNMT3B; DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3B isoform X1 [KO:K17399] [EC:2.1.1.37]

125622248

AHCY; adenosylhomocysteinase [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]

125630602

AHCYL2; adenosylhomocysteinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]

125625026

AHCYL1; S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]

125627891

BCAT2; branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]

125625214

BCAT1; branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, cytosolic isoform X1 [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]

125636737

AGXT2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]

125634473

GCLC; glutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit isoform X1 [KO:K11204] [EC:6.3.2.2]

125641779

GCLM; glutamate--cysteine ligase regulatory subunit [KO:K11205]

125622156

GSS; glutathione synthetase [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]

125637161

CDO1; cysteine dioxygenase type 1 [KO:K00456] [EC:1.13.11.20]

125639691

GOT1; aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic [KO:K14454] [EC:2.6.1.1]

125626463

GOT1L1; putative aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K14454] [EC:2.6.1.1]

125620927

GOT2; aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K14455] [EC:2.6.1.1]

125628328

MPST; 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase isoform X1 [KO:K01011] [EC:2.8.1.1 2.8.1.2]

125628371

TST; thiosulfate sulfurtransferase [KO:K01011] [EC:2.8.1.1 2.8.1.2]

125625006

LDHB; L-lactate dehydrogenase B chain [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]

125639209

L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]

125633422

MDH1; malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic [KO:K00025] [EC:1.1.1.37]

125624094

MDH2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]

125622762

L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase-like isoform X1 [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]

125623043

SDSL; serine dehydratase-like isoform X1 [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]

125641136

PHGDH; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase isoform X1 [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]

Compound

C00019

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine

C00021

S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine

C00022

Pyruvate

C00041

L-Alanine

C00049

L-Aspartate

C00051

Glutathione

C00059

Sulfate

C00065

L-Serine

C00073

L-Methionine

C00094

Sulfite

C00097

L-Cysteine

C00109

2-Oxobutanoate

C00155

L-Homocysteine

C00170

5'-Methylthioadenosine

C00197

3-Phospho-D-glycerate

C00263

L-Homoserine

C00283

Hydrogen sulfide

C00409

Methanethiol

C00441

L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde

C00491

L-Cystine

C00506

L-Cysteate

C00606

3-Sulfino-L-alanine

C00793

D-Cysteine

C00957

Mercaptopyruvate

C00979

O-Acetyl-L-serine

C01005

O-Phospho-L-serine

C01077

O-Acetyl-L-homoserine

C01118

O-Succinyl-L-homoserine

C01137

S-Adenosylmethioninamine

C01180

4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid

C01234

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate

C01817

L-Homocystine

C01962

Thiocysteine

C02218

Dehydroalanine

C02291

L-Cystathionine

C02356

(S)-2-Aminobutanoate

C02989

L-Methionine S-oxide

C03082

4-Phospho-L-aspartate

C03089

5-Methylthio-D-ribose

C03145

N-Formylmethionine

C03232

3-Phosphonooxypyruvate

C03431

S-Inosyl-L-homocysteine

C03539

S-Ribosyl-L-homocysteine

C04188

S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribose 1-phosphate

C04582

S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribulose 1-phosphate

C05324

Nicotianamine

C05524

Aminoacyl-L-methionine

C05526

S-Glutathionyl-L-cysteine

C05527

3-Sulfinylpyruvate

C05528

3-Sulfopyruvate

C05823

3-Mercaptolactate

C05824

S-Sulfo-L-cysteine

C06547

Ethylene

C08276

3-(Methylthio)propanoate

C09306

Sulfur dioxide

C11437

1-Deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

C11481

HSO3-

C11499

(S)-3-Sulfolactate

C11537

(2R)-3-Sulfolactate

C15606

1,2-Dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one

C15650

2,3-Diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate

C15651

2-Hydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate

C18049

N-Acyl-L-homoserine lactone

C19787

5'-S-Methyl-5'-thioinosine

C21015

gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-2-aminobutyrate

C21016

Ophthalmate

C22359

S-Methyl-1-thio-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

Reference

PMID:15102328

Authors

Sekowska A, Denervaud V, Ashida H, Michoud K, Haas D, Yokota A, Danchin A

Title

Bacterial variations on the methionine salvage pathway.

Journal

BMC Microbiol 4:9 (2004)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-4-9

Reference

PMID:14551435

Authors

Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Kobayashi K, Ogasawara N, Yokota A.

Title

A functional link between RuBisCO-like protein of Bacillus and photosynthetic RuBisCO.

Journal

Science 302:286-90 (2003)
DOI:10.1126/science.1086997

Reference

PMID:12022921

Authors

Sekowska A, Danchin A.

Title

The methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.

Journal

BMC Microbiol 2:8 (2002)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-2-8

Reference

PMID:12670965

Authors

Berger BJ, English S, Chan G, Knodel MH.

Title

Methionine regeneration and aminotransferases in Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus anthracis.

Journal

J Bacteriol 185:2418-31 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.8.2418-2431.2003

Reference

PMID:17169919

Authors

Goyer A, Collakova E, Shachar-Hill Y, Hanson AD

Title

Functional characterization of a methionine gamma-lyase in Arabidopsis and its implication in an alternative to the reverse trans-sulfuration pathway.

Journal

Plant Cell Physiol 48:232-42 (2007)
DOI:10.1093/pcp/pcl055

Reference

PMID:17030798

Authors

Rebeille F, Jabrin S, Bligny R, Loizeau K, Gambonnet B, Van Wilder V, Douce R, Ravanel S

Title

Methionine catabolism in Arabidopsis cells is initiated by a gamma-cleavage process and leads to S-methylcysteine and isoleucine syntheses.

Journal

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:15687-92 (2006)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0606195103

Reference

PMID:18625006

Authors

Pirkov I, Norbeck J, Gustafsson L, Albers E

Title

A complete inventory of all enzymes in the eukaryotic methionine salvage pathway.

Journal

FEBS J 275:4111-20 (2008)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06552.x

Reference

PMID:18391471

Authors

Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Yokota A

Title

Enzymatic characterization of 5-methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase of the methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.

Journal

Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 72:959-67 (2008)
DOI:10.1271/bbb.70651

Reference

PMID:10613873

Authors

Kitabatake M, So MW, Tumbula DL, Soll D

Title

Cysteine biosynthesis pathway in the archaeon Methanosarcina barkeri encoded by acquired bacterial genes?

Journal

J Bacteriol 182:143-5 (2000)
DOI:10.1128/JB.182.1.143-145.2000

Reference

PMID:12644499

Authors

Mino K, Ishikawa K

Title

Characterization of a novel thermostable O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase from Aeropyrum pernix K1.

Journal

J Bacteriol 185:2277-84 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.7.2277-2284.2003

Reference

PMID:18520135

Authors

Tanabe S

Title

Development of assay methods for endogenous inorganic sulfur compounds and sulfurtransferases and evaluation of the physiological functions of bound sulfur.

Journal

Yakugaku Zasshi 128:881-900 (2008)
DOI:10.1248/yakushi.128.881

Reference

Authors

Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).

Title

[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)

Journal

Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)

Reference

PMID:19270684

Authors