KEGG   PATHWAY: panu04260
Entry
panu04260                   Pathway                                
Name
Cardiac muscle contraction - Papio anubis (olive baboon)
Description
Contraction of the heart is a complex process initiated by the electrical excitation of cardiac myocytes (excitation-contraction coupling, ECC). In cardiac myocytes, Ca2+ influx induced by activation of voltage-dependent L-type Ca channels (DHP receptors) upon membrane depolarization triggers the release of Ca2+ via Ca2+ release channels (ryanodine receptors) of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) through a Ca2+ -induced Ca release (CICR) mechanism. Ca2+ ions released via the CICR mechanism diffuse through the cytosolic space to contractile proteins to bind to troponinC resulting in the release of inhibition induced by troponinI. The Ca2+ binding to troponinC thereby triggers the sliding of thin and thick filaments, that is, the activation of a crossbridge and subsequent cardiac force development and/or cell shortening. Recovery occurs as Ca2+ is pumped out of the cell by the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) or is returned to the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) by sarco(endo)plasmic Ca2+ -ATPase (SERCA) pumps on the non-junctional region of the SR.
Class
Organismal Systems; Circulatory system
Pathway map
panu04260  Cardiac muscle contraction
panu04260

Other DBs
GO: 0060048
Organism
Papio anubis (olive baboon) [GN:panu]
Gene
101026237  CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X7 [KO:K04850]
101002070  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X6 [KO:K04851]
101019865  CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F [KO:K04853]
101025213  CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S isoform X1 [KO:K04857]
100999288  CACNB1; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04862]
101013479  CACNB2; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 isoform X5 [KO:K04863]
101009342  CACNB3; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3 isoform X2 [KO:K04864]
101021665  CACNB4; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K04865]
101018169  CACNA2D1; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04858]
101003565  voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-2 [KO:K04859]
100999030  CACNA2D3; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04860]
101021906  CACNA2D4; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-4 [KO:K04861]
101017585  CACNG1; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-1 subunit [KO:K04866]
101009456  CACNG2; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit [KO:K04867]
101010591  CACNG3; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-3 subunit [KO:K04868]
101017225  CACNG4; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-4 subunit [KO:K04869]
101016897  CACNG5; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-5 subunit [KO:K04870]
101024211  CACNG6; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-6 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K04871]
100137334  CACNG7; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-7 subunit [KO:K04872]
101026427  CACNG8; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-8 subunit [KO:K04873]
101014706  RYR2; ryanodine receptor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04962]
101012983  ASPH; aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylase isoform X5 [KO:K00476] [EC:1.14.11.16]
101000309  CASQ2; calsequestrin-2 [KO:K23445]
110743170  triadin-like isoform X1 [KO:K23449]
100997092  HRC; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: sarcoplasmic reticulum histidine-rich calcium-binding protein [KO:K23450]
101021063  ATP2A2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
101009959  ATP2A3; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
100999076  ATP2A1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
101014005  TNNC1; troponin C, slow skeletal and cardiac muscles [KO:K05865]
101018203  TNNI3; troponin I, cardiac muscle [KO:K12044]
101017899  TNNT2; troponin T, cardiac muscle isoform X8 [KO:K12045]
116268657  tropomyosin alpha-1 chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K10373]
101011091  TPM1; tropomyosin alpha-1 chain isoform X11 [KO:K10373]
101019479  TPM2; tropomyosin beta chain isoform X1 [KO:K10374]
101022375  TPM3; tropomyosin alpha-3 chain isoform X17 [KO:K09290]
110743595  tropomyosin alpha-4 chain-like [KO:K10375]
101013573  TPM4; tropomyosin alpha-4 chain isoform X4 [KO:K10375]
101020447  ACTC1; actin, alpha cardiac muscle 1 [KO:K12314]
101005856  myosin-6 [KO:K17751]
101010605  myosin-7 [KO:K17751]
100997019  MYL2; myosin regulatory light chain 2, ventricular/cardiac muscle isoform [KO:K10351]
100997992  MYL3; myosin light chain 3 [KO:K12749]
101011515  MYL4; myosin light chain 4 [KO:K12750]
101026782  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit Rieske, mitochondrial [KO:K00411] [EC:7.1.1.8]
14444641  CYTB; cytochrome b [KO:K00412]
101021397  cytochrome c1, heme protein, mitochondrial [KO:K00413]
101009600  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00414]
101026315  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00415]
101006001  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 6, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K00416]
100997829  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 7 isoform X1 [KO:K00417]
101017841  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 8 [KO:K00418]
100997845  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 9 isoform X1 [KO:K00419]
116273763  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 10 [KO:K00420]
14444635  COX3; cytochrome c oxidase subunit III [KO:K02262]
14444631  COX1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit I [KO:K02256] [EC:7.1.1.9]
14444632  COX2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit II [KO:K02261]
101006909  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02263]
101019045  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02263]
101003461  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial [KO:K02263]
101020469  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02263]
101001315  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02264]
101006649  COX5A; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial [KO:K02264]
103877721  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial [KO:K02265]
101007148  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial [KO:K02265]
103876119  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1, mitochondrial [KO:K02266]
101000271  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2, mitochondrial [KO:K02266]
101018921  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B2 [KO:K02267]
101010708  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1 [KO:K02267]
108586074  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like [KO:K02268]
101013819  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C [KO:K02268]
101002878  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A-related protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
101019499  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02270]
116271663  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02270]
116271667  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02270]
101021606  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A1, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K02270]
101013709  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
116269782  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
103884346  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B2, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
108581070  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial [KO:K02272]
108585455  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02272]
101014053  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial [KO:K02272]
108586679  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02272]
108587428  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02272]
108586288  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02272]
116274896  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02272]
116274898  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02272]
108585269  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02272]
101019295  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial [KO:K02272]
101026809  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8C, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K02273]
100126727  COX8A; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K02273]
101026732  SLC8A1; sodium/calcium exchanger 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
101014415  SLC8A3; sodium/calcium exchanger 3 isoform X5 [KO:K05849]
101026425  SLC8A2; sodium/calcium exchanger 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
101011432  SLC9A7; sodium/hydrogen exchanger 7 isoform X1 [KO:K12041]
101001768  SLC9A6; sodium/hydrogen exchanger 6 isoform X2 [KO:K12041]
101014462  ATP1A4; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-4 isoform X1 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
103877144  ATP1A2; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-2 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
101007483  ATP1A1; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
101015462  ATP1A3; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
101006820  ATP1B1; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1 [KO:K01540]
101021451  ATP1B3; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3 isoform X2 [KO:K01540]
101006275  ATP1B2; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2 [KO:K01540]
101010604  ATP1B4; protein ATP1B4 isoform X2 [KO:K01540]
103877943  FXYD2; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit gamma isoform X2 [KO:K01538]
101025420  SLC9A1; sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1 [KO:K05742]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
C00080  H+
C00238  Potassium cation
C01330  Sodium cation
Reference
PMID:17988210
  Authors
Bers DM
  Title
Calcium cycling and signaling in cardiac myocytes.
  Journal
Annu Rev Physiol 70:23-49 (2008)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.physiol.70.113006.100455
Reference
PMID:11805843
  Authors
Bers DM
  Title
Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling.
  Journal
Nature 415:198-205 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/415198a
Reference
PMID:16799263
  Authors
Endoh M
  Title
Signal transduction and Ca2+ signaling in intact myocardium.
  Journal
J Pharmacol Sci 100:525-37 (2006)
DOI:10.1254/jphs.CPJ06009X
Reference
PMID:18981594
  Authors
Endoh M
  Title
Cardiac Ca2+ signaling and Ca2+ sensitizers.
  Journal
Circ J 72:1915-25 (2008)
DOI:10.1253/circj.CJ-08-0838
Reference
PMID:16552170
  Authors
Bers DM, Despa S
  Title
Cardiac myocytes Ca2+ and Na+ regulation in normal and failing hearts.
  Journal
J Pharmacol Sci 100:315-22 (2006)
DOI:10.1254/jphs.CPJ06001X
Reference
PMID:10747208
  Authors
Gordon AM, Homsher E, Regnier M
  Title
Regulation of contraction in striated muscle.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 80:853-924 (2000)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.2000.80.2.853
Reference
PMID:16701909
  Authors
Phrommintikul A, Chattipakorn N
  Title
Roles of cardiac ryanodine receptor in heart failure and sudden cardiac death.
  Journal
Int J Cardiol 112:142-52 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2005.11.106
Reference
PMID:16096350
  Authors
Lacinova L
  Title
Voltage-dependent calcium channels.
  Journal
Gen Physiol Biophys 24 Suppl 1:1-78 (2005)
Reference
PMID:12763850
  Authors
Lingrel J, Moseley A, Dostanic I, Cougnon M, He S, James P, Woo A, O'Connor K, Neumann J
  Title
Functional roles of the alpha isoforms of the Na,K-ATPase.
  Journal
Ann N Y Acad Sci 986:354-9 (2003)
DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07214.x
Reference
PMID:11294886
  Authors
Berg JS, Powell BC, Cheney RE
  Title
A millennial myosin census.
  Journal
Mol Biol Cell 12:780-94 (2001)
DOI:10.1091/mbc.12.4.780
Reference
PMID:15736582
  Authors
Parmacek MS, Solaro RJ
  Title
Biology of the troponin complex in cardiac myocytes.
  Journal
Prog Cardiovasc Dis 47:159-76 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.pcad.2004.07.003
Reference
PMID:14659803
  Authors
Yamashita H, Sugiura S, Fujita H, Yasuda S, Nagai R, Saeki Y, Sunagawa K, Sugi H
  Title
Myosin light chain isoforms modify force-generating ability of cardiac myosin by changing the kinetics of actin-myosin interaction.
  Journal
Cardiovasc Res 60:580-8 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/j.cardiores.2003.09.011
Reference
PMID:19403607
  Authors
Pritchard TJ, Kranias EG
  Title
Junctin and the histidine-rich Ca2+ binding protein: potential roles in heart failure and arrhythmogenesis.
  Journal
J Physiol 587:3125-33 (2009)
DOI:10.1113/jphysiol.2009.172171
Reference
PMID:28596175
  Authors
Landstrom AP, Dobrev D, Wehrens XHT
  Title
Calcium Signaling and Cardiac Arrhythmias.
  Journal
Circ Res 120:1969-1993 (2017)
DOI:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.310083
Related
pathway
panu04020  Calcium signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04260   
LinkDB

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