KEGG PATHWAY: sclv00270

KEGG

PATHWAY: sclv00270

Entry

sclv00270                   Pathway

Name

Cysteine and methionine metabolism - Styela clava (leathery sea squirt)

Description

Cysteine and methionine are sulfur-containing amino acids. Cysteine is synthesized from serine through different pathways in different organism groups. In bacteria and plants, cysteine is converted from serine (via acetylserine) by transfer of hydrogen sulfide [MD:M00021]. In animals, methionine-derived homocysteine is used as sulfur source and its condensation product with serine (cystathionine) is converted to cysteine [MD:M00338]. Cysteine is metabolized to pyruvate in multiple routes. Methionine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, methionine is synthesized from aspartate [MD:M00017]. S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM), synthesized from methionine and ATP, is a methyl group donor in many important transfer reactions including DNA methylation for regulation of gene expression. SAM may also be used to regenerate methionine in the methionine salvage pathway [MD:M00034].

Class

Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism

Pathway map

Cysteine and methionine metabolism

Module

Methionine degradation [PATH:sclv00270]

Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:sclv00270]

Other DBs

GO:	0006534 0006555

Organism

Styela clava (leathery sea squirt) [GN:sclv]

Gene

cysteine synthase 1-like [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]

cystathionine gamma-lyase-like [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]

kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3-like isoform X1 [KO:K00816] [EC:2.6.1.7 4.4.1.13 2.6.1.64]

cystathionine beta-synthase-like protein isoform X1 [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]

betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1-like [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]

betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1-like [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]

betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1-like [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]

betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1-like [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]

betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1-like [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]

homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1-like [KO:K00547] [EC:2.1.1.10]

methionine synthase-like [KO:K00548] [EC:2.1.1.13]

methionine synthase-like [KO:K00548] [EC:2.1.1.13]

S-adenosylmethionine synthase-like isoform X1 [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]

S-adenosylmethionine synthase-like [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]

S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme-like [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]

spermidine synthase-like [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]

LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: spermine synthase-like [KO:K00802] [EC:2.5.1.22]

spermine synthase-like [KO:K00802] [EC:2.5.1.22]

LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: spermine synthase-like [KO:K00802] [EC:2.5.1.22]

spermine synthase-like [KO:K00802] [EC:2.5.1.22]

spermine synthase-like [KO:K00802] [EC:2.5.1.22]

spermine synthase-like [KO:K00802] [EC:2.5.1.22]

spermine synthase-like [KO:K00802] [EC:2.5.1.22]

spermine synthase-like [KO:K00802] [EC:2.5.1.22]

spermine synthase-like [KO:K00802] [EC:2.5.1.22]

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine phosphorylase-like [KO:K00772] [EC:2.4.2.28]

purine nucleoside phosphorylase LACC1-like [KO:K05810] [EC:2.4.2.1 2.4.2.28 3.5.4.4]

methylthioribose-1-phosphate isomerase-like [KO:K08963] [EC:5.3.1.23]

methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase-like isoform X1 [KO:K08964] [EC:4.2.1.109]

1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentene dioxygenase-like [KO:K08967] [EC:1.13.11.53 1.13.11.54]

tyrosine aminotransferase-like [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1-like [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A-like isoform X1 [KO:K17398] [EC:2.1.1.37]

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3C-like isoform X1 [KO:K17399] [EC:2.1.1.37]

adenosylhomocysteinase-like [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]

S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]

adenosylhomocysteinase-like [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]

branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, cytosolic-like isoform X1 [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]

alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]

alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]

glutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit-like [KO:K11204] [EC:6.3.2.2]

glutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit-like [KO:K11204] [EC:6.3.2.2]

glutamate--cysteine ligase regulatory subunit-like [KO:K11205]

glutathione synthetase-like [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]

glutathione synthetase-like [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]

glutathione synthetase-like [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]

cysteine dioxygenase type 1-like [KO:K00456] [EC:1.13.11.20]

LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cysteine dioxygenase type 1-like [KO:K00456] [EC:1.13.11.20]

aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic-like [KO:K14454] [EC:2.6.1.1]

aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K14455] [EC:2.6.1.1]

L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]

bifunctional D-cysteine desulfhydrase/1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K05396] [EC:4.4.1.15]

bifunctional D-cysteine desulfhydrase/1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K05396] [EC:4.4.1.15]

bifunctional D-cysteine desulfhydrase/1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K05396] [EC:4.4.1.15]

putative D-cysteine desulfhydrase 1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K05396] [EC:4.4.1.15]

malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic-like [KO:K00025] [EC:1.1.1.37]

malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]

L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]

LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]

phosphoserine aminotransferase-like [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]

Compound

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine

S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine

Pyruvate

L-Alanine

L-Aspartate

Glutathione

Sulfate

L-Serine

L-Methionine

Sulfite

L-Cysteine

2-Oxobutanoate

L-Homocysteine

5'-Methylthioadenosine

3-Phospho-D-glycerate

L-Homoserine

Hydrogen sulfide

Methanethiol

L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-Cystine

L-Cysteate

3-Sulfino-L-alanine

D-Cysteine

Mercaptopyruvate

O-Acetyl-L-serine

O-Phospho-L-serine

O-Acetyl-L-homoserine

O-Succinyl-L-homoserine

S-Adenosylmethioninamine

4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate

L-Homocystine

Thiocysteine

Dehydroalanine

L-Cystathionine

(S)-2-Aminobutanoate

L-Methionine S-oxide

4-Phospho-L-aspartate

5-Methylthio-D-ribose

N-Formylmethionine

3-Phosphonooxypyruvate

S-Inosyl-L-homocysteine

S-Ribosyl-L-homocysteine

S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribose 1-phosphate

S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribulose 1-phosphate

Nicotianamine

Aminoacyl-L-methionine

S-Glutathionyl-L-cysteine

3-Sulfinylpyruvate

3-Sulfopyruvate

3-Mercaptolactate

S-Sulfo-L-cysteine

Ethylene

3-(Methylthio)propanoate

Sulfur dioxide

1-Deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

HSO3-

(S)-3-Sulfolactate

(2R)-3-Sulfolactate

1,2-Dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one

2,3-Diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate

2-Hydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate

N-Acyl-L-homoserine lactone

5'-S-Methyl-5'-thioinosine

gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-2-aminobutyrate

Ophthalmate

S-Methyl-1-thio-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

Reference

Authors

Sekowska A, Denervaud V, Ashida H, Michoud K, Haas D, Yokota A, Danchin A

Title

Bacterial variations on the methionine salvage pathway.

Journal

BMC Microbiol 4:9 (2004)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-4-9

Reference

Authors

Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Kobayashi K, Ogasawara N, Yokota A.

Title

A functional link between RuBisCO-like protein of Bacillus and photosynthetic RuBisCO.

Journal

Science 302:286-90 (2003)
DOI:10.1126/science.1086997

Reference

Authors

Sekowska A, Danchin A.

Title

The methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.

Journal

BMC Microbiol 2:8 (2002)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-2-8

Reference

Authors

Berger BJ, English S, Chan G, Knodel MH.

Title

Methionine regeneration and aminotransferases in Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus anthracis.

Journal

J Bacteriol 185:2418-31 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.8.2418-2431.2003

Reference

Authors

Goyer A, Collakova E, Shachar-Hill Y, Hanson AD

Title

Functional characterization of a methionine gamma-lyase in Arabidopsis and its implication in an alternative to the reverse trans-sulfuration pathway.

Journal

Plant Cell Physiol 48:232-42 (2007)
DOI:10.1093/pcp/pcl055

Reference

Authors

Rebeille F, Jabrin S, Bligny R, Loizeau K, Gambonnet B, Van Wilder V, Douce R, Ravanel S

Title

Methionine catabolism in Arabidopsis cells is initiated by a gamma-cleavage process and leads to S-methylcysteine and isoleucine syntheses.

Journal

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:15687-92 (2006)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0606195103

Reference

Authors

Pirkov I, Norbeck J, Gustafsson L, Albers E

Title

A complete inventory of all enzymes in the eukaryotic methionine salvage pathway.

Journal

FEBS J 275:4111-20 (2008)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06552.x

Reference

Authors

Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Yokota A

Title

Enzymatic characterization of 5-methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase of the methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.

Journal

Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 72:959-67 (2008)
DOI:10.1271/bbb.70651

Reference

Authors

Kitabatake M, So MW, Tumbula DL, Soll D

Title

Cysteine biosynthesis pathway in the archaeon Methanosarcina barkeri encoded by acquired bacterial genes?

Journal

J Bacteriol 182:143-5 (2000)
DOI:10.1128/JB.182.1.143-145.2000

Reference

Authors

Mino K, Ishikawa K

Title

Characterization of a novel thermostable O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase from Aeropyrum pernix K1.

Journal

J Bacteriol 185:2277-84 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.7.2277-2284.2003

Reference

Authors

Tanabe S

Title

Development of assay methods for endogenous inorganic sulfur compounds and sulfurtransferases and evaluation of the physiological functions of bound sulfur.

Journal

Yakugaku Zasshi 128:881-900 (2008)
DOI:10.1248/yakushi.128.881

Reference

Authors

Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).

Title

[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)

Journal

Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)

Reference

Authors

Gutierrez JA, Crowder T, Rinaldo-Matthis A, Ho MC, Almo SC, Schramm VL

Title

Transition state analogs of 5'-methylthioadenosine nucleosidase disrupt quorum sensing.

Journal

Nat Chem Biol 5:251-7 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nchembio.153

Related
pathway

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis

Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism

Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism

Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis

Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism

Glutathione metabolism

Pyruvate metabolism

Propanoate metabolism

Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis

Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis

Sulfur metabolism

KO pathway

LinkDB

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