KEGG   PATHWAY: smil00270
Entry
smil00270                   Pathway                                
Name
Cysteine and methionine metabolism - Salvia miltiorrhiza (redroot sage)
Description
Cysteine and methionine are sulfur-containing amino acids. Cysteine is synthesized from serine through different pathways in different organism groups. In bacteria and plants, cysteine is converted from serine (via acetylserine) by transfer of hydrogen sulfide [MD:M00021]. In animals, methionine-derived homocysteine is used as sulfur source and its condensation product with serine (cystathionine) is converted to cysteine [MD:M00338]. Cysteine is metabolized to pyruvate in multiple routes. Methionine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, methionine is synthesized from aspartate [MD:M00017]. S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM), synthesized from methionine and ATP, is a methyl group donor in many important transfer reactions including DNA methylation for regulation of gene expression. SAM may also be used to regenerate methionine in the methionine salvage pathway [MD:M00034].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
smil00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
smil00270

Module
smil_M00021  Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:smil00270]
smil_M00034  Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:smil00270]
smil_M00368  Ethylene biosynthesis, methionine => ethylene [PATH:smil00270]
Other DBs
GO: 0006534 0006555
Organism
Salvia miltiorrhiza (redroot sage) [GN:smil]
Gene
131011471  serine acetyltransferase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
130985912  serine acetyltransferase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
130986186  serine acetyltransferase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
130986286  serine acetyltransferase 5-like [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
131003186  serine acetyltransferase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
131004887  serine acetyltransferase 5-like [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
130996255  cysteine synthase, chloroplastic/chromoplastic isoform X1 [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
130999745  cysteine synthase, chloroplastic/chromoplastic-like [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
130986179  cysteine synthase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
130991471  cysteine synthase [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
131005737  cysteine synthase-like isoform X1 [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
130999095  bifunctional L-3-cyanoalanine synthase/cysteine synthase 1, mitochondrial [KO:K13034] [EC:2.5.1.47 4.4.1.9]
130991396  cystathionine beta-lyase, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K01760] [EC:4.4.1.13]
130991400  cystathionine beta-lyase, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K01760] [EC:4.4.1.13]
130986351  homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00547] [EC:2.1.1.10]
131016325  homocysteine S-methyltransferase 2 [KO:K00547] [EC:2.1.1.10]
130991433  homocysteine S-methyltransferase 3-like [KO:K00547] [EC:2.1.1.10]
131000282  5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-- homocysteine methyltransferase-like isoform X1 [KO:K00549] [EC:2.1.1.14]
131000302  5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-- homocysteine methyltransferase-like isoform X1 [KO:K00549] [EC:2.1.1.14]
131020424  5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-- homocysteine methyltransferase [KO:K00549] [EC:2.1.1.14]
131020425  5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-- homocysteine methyltransferase-like isoform X1 [KO:K00549] [EC:2.1.1.14]
131007166  S-adenosylmethionine synthase 2 [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]
131008969  S-adenosylmethionine synthase 2 [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]
130997815  S-adenosylmethionine synthase 3-like [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]
130997816  S-adenosylmethionine synthase 3-like [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]
131020510  S-adenosylmethionine synthase 3 [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]
130986295  S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
130988638  S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme-like [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
130988652  S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme-like [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
130989800  S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme-like [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
131005030  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme-like [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
130991614  S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme 4 [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
130993656  spermidine synthase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
131014631  spermine synthase [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
131009005  nicotianamine synthase-like [KO:K05953] [EC:2.5.1.43]
131009460  nicotianamine synthase-like [KO:K05953] [EC:2.5.1.43]
131001013  5'-methylthioadenosine nucleosidase-like [KO:K01244] [EC:3.2.2.16]
131000851  methylthioribose kinase 1 [KO:K00899] [EC:2.7.1.100]
131013061  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: methylthioribose-1-phosphate isomerase [KO:K08963] [EC:5.3.1.23]
131024342  probable bifunctional methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase/enolase-phosphatase E1 isoform X1 [KO:K16054] [EC:4.2.1.109 3.1.3.77]
131024383  probable bifunctional methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase/enolase-phosphatase E1 isoform X1 [KO:K16054] [EC:4.2.1.109 3.1.3.77]
131013345  probable bifunctional methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase/enolase-phosphatase E1 1 isoform X1 [KO:K16054] [EC:4.2.1.109 3.1.3.77]
130991384  acireductone dioxygenase 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K08967] [EC:1.13.11.53 1.13.11.54]
130991385  acireductone dioxygenase 1-like [KO:K08967] [EC:1.13.11.53 1.13.11.54]
131024202  uncharacterized protein LOC131024202 [KO:K23977] [EC:2.6.1.117]
131011910  uncharacterized protein LOC131011910 [KO:K23977] [EC:2.6.1.117]
131011990  uncharacterized protein LOC131011990 [KO:K23977] [EC:2.6.1.117]
131009242  nicotianamine aminotransferase 1-like [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]
131009243  nicotianamine aminotransferase 1-like [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]
131009245  tyrosine aminotransferase-like [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]
131009249  probable aminotransferase TAT2 [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]
131012426  probable aminotransferase TAT2 [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]
130992222  aromatic aminotransferase ISS1 [KO:K00837] [EC:2.6.1.-]
130992880  methionine gamma-lyase [KO:K01761] [EC:4.4.1.11]
131023850  DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase CMT3 [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]
131016069  DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase CMT2-like isoform X1 [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]
131021387  DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1B-like [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]
131008910  PWWP domain-containing protein 1-like [KO:K17398] [EC:2.1.1.37]
130996917  PWWP domain-containing protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K17398] [EC:2.1.1.37]
130986732  adenosylhomocysteinase [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]
131001324  adenosylhomocysteinase-like [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]
131024926  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase-like [KO:K20772] [EC:4.4.1.14]
130999017  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase-like [KO:K20772] [EC:4.4.1.14]
131018069  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase-like [KO:K20772] [EC:4.4.1.14]
130986161  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 7-like [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
131001816  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 3-like [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
130988472  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 7-like [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
131004875  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 7-like [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
131021580  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 3-like [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
131021582  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 3-like [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
130992648  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 5-like [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
131011661  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 5-like [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
131011668  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 5-like [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
131011835  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 5-like [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
131011840  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 5-like [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
130985828  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 3-like [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
130986357  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
131004894  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 1-like [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
130993121  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: aspartokinase 1, chloroplastic [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
131010310  bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K12524] [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3]
130996126  uncharacterized protein LOC130996126 [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]
130989577  cystathionine gamma-synthase 1, chloroplastic [KO:K01739] [EC:2.5.1.48]
131010660  branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase 2, chloroplastic [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]
131001814  branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]
131002305  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 3, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
131021738  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 1, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
131021776  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 1, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
131022766  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 3, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
130985041  glutamate--cysteine ligase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01919] [EC:6.3.2.2]
131009216  glutamate--cysteine ligase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01919] [EC:6.3.2.2]
131015818  glutamate--cysteine ligase, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K01919] [EC:6.3.2.2]
131006109  glutathione synthetase, chloroplastic [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]
131024931  aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic-like [KO:K14454] [EC:2.6.1.1]
130988336  aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic [KO:K14454] [EC:2.6.1.1]
131003280  aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic-like [KO:K14454] [EC:2.6.1.1]
131012291  aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K14455] [EC:2.6.1.1]
131015595  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: aspartate aminotransferase, chloroplastic [KO:K00811] [EC:2.6.1.1]
130986017  thiosulfate/3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase 1, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K01011] [EC:2.8.1.1 2.8.1.2]
131025007  L-lactate dehydrogenase A-like [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]
131025029  L-lactate dehydrogenase A-like [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]
130995528  D-cysteine desulfhydrase 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K05396] [EC:4.4.1.15]
131019589  bifunctional D-cysteine desulfhydrase/1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K05396] [EC:4.4.1.15]
131019590  putative D-cysteine desulfhydrase 1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K05396] [EC:4.4.1.15]
131007216  L-cysteine desulfhydrase [KO:K22207] [EC:4.4.1.28]
130989755  probable L-cysteine desulfhydrase, chloroplastic isoform X1 [KO:K22207] [EC:4.4.1.28]
130999789  malate dehydrogenase isoform X1 [KO:K00025] [EC:1.1.1.37]
131001199  malate dehydrogenase-like [KO:K00025] [EC:1.1.1.37]
131020616  malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic-like [KO:K00025] [EC:1.1.1.37]
131008965  malate dehydrogenase, chloroplastic [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
131012052  malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
131012055  malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
131001798  malate dehydrogenase, glyoxysomal [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
131020408  malate dehydrogenase, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
131005213  malate dehydrogenase, glyoxysomal-like [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
131013068  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
130990027  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
131005323  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 3, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
131022440  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 3, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
130995981  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphoserine aminotransferase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
131001600  phosphoserine aminotransferase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
Compound
C00019  S-Adenosyl-L-methionine
C00021  S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine
C00022  Pyruvate
C00041  L-Alanine
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00051  Glutathione
C00059  Sulfate
C00065  L-Serine
C00073  L-Methionine
C00094  Sulfite
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00155  L-Homocysteine
C00170  5'-Methylthioadenosine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00283  Hydrogen sulfide
C00409  Methanethiol
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00491  L-Cystine
C00506  L-Cysteate
C00606  3-Sulfino-L-alanine
C00793  D-Cysteine
C00957  Mercaptopyruvate
C00979  O-Acetyl-L-serine
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01077  O-Acetyl-L-homoserine
C01118  O-Succinyl-L-homoserine
C01137  S-Adenosylmethioninamine
C01180  4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid
C01234  1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate
C01817  L-Homocystine
C01962  Thiocysteine
C02218  Dehydroalanine
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02356  (S)-2-Aminobutanoate
C02989  L-Methionine S-oxide
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03089  5-Methylthio-D-ribose
C03145  N-Formylmethionine
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03431  S-Inosyl-L-homocysteine
C03539  S-Ribosyl-L-homocysteine
C04188  S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribose 1-phosphate
C04582  S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribulose 1-phosphate
C05324  Nicotianamine
C05524  Aminoacyl-L-methionine
C05526  S-Glutathionyl-L-cysteine
C05527  3-Sulfinylpyruvate
C05528  3-Sulfopyruvate
C05823  3-Mercaptolactate
C05824  S-Sulfo-L-cysteine
C06547  Ethylene
C08276  3-(Methylthio)propanoate
C09306  Sulfur dioxide
C11437  1-Deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate
C11481  HSO3-
C11499  (S)-3-Sulfolactate
C11537  (2R)-3-Sulfolactate
C15606  1,2-Dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one
C15650  2,3-Diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate
C15651  2-Hydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate
C18049  N-Acyl-L-homoserine lactone
C19787  5'-S-Methyl-5'-thioinosine
C21015  gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-2-aminobutyrate
C21016  Ophthalmate
C22359  S-Methyl-1-thio-D-xylulose 5-phosphate
Reference
PMID:15102328
  Authors
Sekowska A, Denervaud V, Ashida H, Michoud K, Haas D, Yokota A, Danchin A
  Title
Bacterial variations on the methionine salvage pathway.
  Journal
BMC Microbiol 4:9 (2004)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-4-9
Reference
PMID:14551435
  Authors
Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Kobayashi K, Ogasawara N, Yokota A.
  Title
A functional link between RuBisCO-like protein of Bacillus and photosynthetic RuBisCO.
  Journal
Science 302:286-90 (2003)
DOI:10.1126/science.1086997
Reference
PMID:12022921
  Authors
Sekowska A, Danchin A.
  Title
The methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.
  Journal
BMC Microbiol 2:8 (2002)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-2-8
Reference
PMID:12670965
  Authors
Berger BJ, English S, Chan G, Knodel MH.
  Title
Methionine regeneration and aminotransferases in Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus anthracis.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 185:2418-31 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.8.2418-2431.2003
Reference
PMID:17169919
  Authors
Goyer A, Collakova E, Shachar-Hill Y, Hanson AD
  Title
Functional characterization of a methionine gamma-lyase in Arabidopsis and its implication in an alternative to the reverse trans-sulfuration pathway.
  Journal
Plant Cell Physiol 48:232-42 (2007)
DOI:10.1093/pcp/pcl055
Reference
PMID:17030798
  Authors
Rebeille F, Jabrin S, Bligny R, Loizeau K, Gambonnet B, Van Wilder V, Douce R, Ravanel S
  Title
Methionine catabolism in Arabidopsis cells is initiated by a gamma-cleavage process and leads to S-methylcysteine and isoleucine syntheses.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:15687-92 (2006)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0606195103
Reference
PMID:18625006
  Authors
Pirkov I, Norbeck J, Gustafsson L, Albers E
  Title
A complete inventory of all enzymes in the eukaryotic methionine salvage pathway.
  Journal
FEBS J 275:4111-20 (2008)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06552.x
Reference
PMID:18391471
  Authors
Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Yokota A
  Title
Enzymatic characterization of 5-methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase of the methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.
  Journal
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 72:959-67 (2008)
DOI:10.1271/bbb.70651
Reference
PMID:10613873
  Authors
Kitabatake M, So MW, Tumbula DL, Soll D
  Title
Cysteine biosynthesis pathway in the archaeon Methanosarcina barkeri encoded by acquired bacterial genes?
  Journal
J Bacteriol 182:143-5 (2000)
DOI:10.1128/JB.182.1.143-145.2000
Reference
PMID:12644499
  Authors
Mino K, Ishikawa K
  Title
Characterization of a novel thermostable O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase from Aeropyrum pernix K1.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 185:2277-84 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.7.2277-2284.2003
Reference
PMID:18520135
  Authors
Tanabe S
  Title
Development of assay methods for endogenous inorganic sulfur compounds and sulfurtransferases and evaluation of the physiological functions of bound sulfur.
  Journal
Yakugaku Zasshi 128:881-900 (2008)
DOI:10.1248/yakushi.128.881
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:19270684
  Authors
Gutierrez JA, Crowder T, Rinaldo-Matthis A, Ho MC, Almo SC, Schramm VL
  Title
Transition state analogs of 5'-methylthioadenosine nucleosidase disrupt quorum sensing.
  Journal
Nat Chem Biol 5:251-7 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nchembio.153
Related
pathway
smil00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
smil00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
smil00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
smil00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
smil00430  Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism
smil00480  Glutathione metabolism
smil00620  Pyruvate metabolism
smil00640  Propanoate metabolism
smil00770  Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis
smil00900  Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
smil00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00270   
LinkDB

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