PATHWAY: tup04940 Help
Entry Name Type I diabetes mellitus - Tupaia chinensis (Chinese tree shrew)
Description Type I diabetes mellitus is a disease that results from autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells. Certain beta-cell proteins act as autoantigens after being processed by antigen-presenting cell (APC), such as macrophages and dendritic cells, and presented in a complex with MHC-II molecules on the surface of the APC. Then immunogenic signals from APC activate CD4+ T cells, predominantly of the Th1 subset. Antigen-activated Th1 cells produce IL-2 and IFNgamma. They activate macrophages and cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, and these effector cells may kill islet beta-cells by one or both of two types of mechanisms: (1) direct interactions of antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells with a beta-cell autoantigen-MHC-I complex on the beta-cell, and (2) non-specific inflammatory mediators, such as free radicals/oxidants and cytokines (IL-1, TNFalpha, TNFbeta, IFNgamma).
Class Human Diseases; Endocrine and metabolic diseaseBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Ortholog table Organism Tupaia chinensis (Chinese tree shrew) [GN:
tup ]
Gene 102495272 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1-13 beta chain-like [KO:K06752 ]
102493748 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP alpha 1 chain [KO:K06752 ]
102467860 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 2 chain [KO:K06752 ]
102503204 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ beta 2 chain [KO:K06752 ]
102470813 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP beta 1 chain-like [KO:K06752 ]
102486572 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP beta 1 chain [KO:K06752 ]
102482073 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM alpha chain [KO:K06752 ]
102480238 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP alpha 1 chain [KO:K06752 ]
102480676 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO alpha chain [KO:K06752 ]
102485720 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP alpha 1 chain [KO:K06752 ]
102482486 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain [KO:K06752 ]
102479840 Tube-DRB; H-2 class II histocompatibility antigen, E-S beta chain-like [KO:K06752 ]
102486164 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP alpha 1 chain-like [KO:K06752 ]
102496148 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP beta 1 chain [KO:K06752 ]
102477711 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP alpha 1 chain [KO:K06752 ]
102469865 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO beta chain [KO:K06752 ]
102498495 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP alpha 1 chain [KO:K06752 ]
102493443 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO alpha chain-like [KO:K06752 ]
102501696 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP beta 1 chain [KO:K06752 ]
102472115 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1-1 beta chain-like [KO:K06752 ]
102471268 mamu class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain [KO:K06752 ]
102472997 H-2 class II histocompatibility antigen, E-S beta chain-like [KO:K06752 ]
102497506 H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, Q10 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
102494250 patr class I histocompatibility antigen, A-126 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
102490572 saoe class I histocompatibility antigen, A alpha chain [KO:K06751 ]
102474781 patr class I histocompatibility antigen, A-126 alpha chain [KO:K06751 ]
102502643 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A-30 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
102501374 patr class I histocompatibility antigen, B-2 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
102496941 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-40 alpha chain [KO:K06751 ]
102473125 patr class I histocompatibility antigen, A-2 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
102482093 saoe class I histocompatibility antigen, A alpha chain [KO:K06751 ]
102490323 popy Class I histocompatibility antigen, A-1 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
102490747 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G-like [KO:K06751 ]
Compound Reference Authors Rabinovitch A, Suarez-Pinzon WL.
Title Cytokines and their roles in pancreatic islet beta-cell destruction and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Journal Reference Authors Cox NJ, Wapelhorst B, Morrison VA, Johnson L, Pinchuk L, Spielman RS, Todd JA, Concannon P
Title Seven regions of the genome show evidence of linkage to type 1 diabetes in a consensus analysis of 767 multiplex families.
Journal Reference Authors Davies JL, Kawaguchi Y, Bennett ST, Copeman JB, Cordell HJ, Pritchard LE, Reed PW, Gough SC, Jenkins SC, Palmer SM, et al.
Title A genome-wide search for human type 1 diabetes susceptibility genes.
Journal Reference Authors Fujisawa T, Ikegami H, Kawaguchi Y, Yamato E, Takekawa K, Nakagawa Y, Hamada Y, Ueda H, Shima K, Ogihara T.
Title Class I HLA is associated with age-at-onset of IDDM, while class II HLA confers susceptibility to IDDM.
Journal Reference Authors Jaeckel E, Klein L, Martin-Orozco N, von Boehmer H.
Title Normal incidence of diabetes in NOD mice tolerant to glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Journal Reference Authors Nakayama M, Abiru N, Moriyama H, Babaya N, Liu E, Miao D, Yu L, Wegmann DR, Hutton JC, Elliott JF, Eisenbarth GS.
Title Prime role for an insulin epitope in the development of type 1 diabetes in NOD mice.
Journal Reference Authors Kent SC, Chen Y, Bregoli L, Clemmings SM, Kenyon NS, Ricordi C, Hering BJ, Hafler DA.
Title Expanded T cells from pancreatic lymph nodes of type 1 diabetic subjects recognize an insulin epitope.
Journal Reference Authors Lieberman SM, DiLorenzo TP.
Title A comprehensive guide to antibody and T-cell responses in type 1 diabetes.
Journal Reference Authors Lord SJ, Rajotte RV, Korbutt GS, Bleackley RC.
Title Granzyme B: a natural born killer.
Journal Related tup04660 T cell receptor signaling pathway
KO pathway LinkDB All DBs
