KEGG Virus Resource
KEGG Virus is a resource for integrating viruses and cellular organisms from an evolutionary perspective. Virus data are part of the GENES, KO, GENOME, BRITE, PATHWAY, NETWORK, DISEASE and DRUG databases as summarized below.
Virus genes, proteins and KOs
The virus category of the GENES database is generated from the RefSeq database and given KO annotation. RefSeq GeneID's are used as gene identifiers and the organism code "vg" (and T40000 identifier) is used for the entire set of viral genes. Each virus is distinguished by the NCBI taxonomy identifier, which is used as the "vtax" identifier in the GENOME database.
Based on experimental evidence an increasing number of virus specific KOs are being defined.
A new category of the GENES database, "vp" for virus mature peptides, has been introduced to define mature peptides cleaved from polyproteins for selected viruses, which are often important for defining protein interaction networks.
| Example | KEGG identifier | Remark |
| SARS-CoV-2 | T40361 | TAX:2697049 |
| SARS-CoV-2 S (spike) protein | vg:43740568 | K24152 |
| SARS-CoV-2 S1 (attachment) peptide | vp:43740568-1 | K25001 |
| SARS-CoV-2 S2 (fusion) peptide | vp:43740568-2 | K25002 |
Selectee virus genomes
Selected viruses with relevance to human diseases or plant diseases are given T4 identifiers and are part of the GENOME database.
Note that each T4 entry is a collection of virus genomes with the same taxonomy ID. Note also that T40000 is not part of KEGG GENOME; it simply represents the virus category of KEGG GENES.
Virus taxonomy
All the viruses present in KEGG GENES are classified according to the NCBI taxonomy, which is based on the ICTV (International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses) classification, supplemented by KEGG with the traditional Baltimore classification (see br08620). The correspondence between the ICTV realm, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family classification and the seven types of Baltimore classification is shown below.
Riboviria
Pararnavirae
Artverviricota
Revtraviricetes
Blubervirales (VII dsDNA-RT)
Ortervirales (VI ssRNA-RT)
Caulimoviridae (VII dsDNA-RT)
Orthornavirae
Duplornaviricota (III dsRNA)
Pisuviricota
Duplopiviricetes (III dsRNA)
Durnavirales
Hypoviridae (IV +ssRNA)
Pisoniviricetes (IV +ssRNA)
Stelpaviricetes (IV +ssRNA)
Kitrinoviricota (IV +ssRNA)
Lenarviricota (IV +ssRNA)
Negarnaviricota (V -ssRNA)
Ribozyviria (V -ssRNA)
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Duplodnaviria (I dsDNA)
Varidnaviria (I dsDNA)
Adnaviria (I dsDNA)
Monodnaviria (II ssDNA)
Shotokuvirae
Cossaviricota
Papovaviricetes (I dsDNA)
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Brite hierarchies and tables for viruses
Virus specific Brite hierarchy files and Brite table files are being developed.
| Category | Brite file |
| Functional classification | 03200 Viral proteins (all viral KOs) |
| 03210 Viral fusion proteins | |
| Taxonomy | 08620 KEGG viruses in the NCBI taxonomy (ICTV and Baltimore classifications) |
| 08621 KEGG viruses in taxonomic ranks (see KEGG TAXONOMY) | |
| Virus-cell interaction | 03220 Virus entry |
| 03222 Virus entry: animal viruses | |
| Disease | 08401 Infectious diseases (contains viral infections) |
| Drug | 08307 Antimicrobials (contains antivirals and targets) |
| Comparison with cellular organsms |
01611 RNA polymerase |
| 01612 DNA polymerase |
Pathways and networks for viruses
The pathway maps for viral infections are interaction networks of both human proteins (colered in green and linked to human gene entries) and viral proteins (colored in blue and linked to virus KOs). The new category of genetic information processing in viruses is being expanded.
| Category | Pathway map | Network variation map |
| Viral infections | 05166 Human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection | 06160 HTLV-1 |
| 05170 Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection | 06161 HIV-1 | |
| 05161 Hepatitis B | 06162 HBV | |
| 05160 Hepatitis C | 06163 HCV | |
| 05171 Coronavirus disease - COVID-19 | 06171 SARS-CoV-2 | |
| 05164 Influenza A | 06170 IAV | |
| 05162 Measles | 06169 MV | |
| 05168 Herpes simplex virus 1 infection | 06168 HSV-1 | |
| 05163 Human cytomegalovirus infection | 06167 HCMV | |
| 05167 Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection | 06164 KSHV | |
| 05169 Epstein-Barr virus infection | 06165 EBV | |
| 05165 Human papillomavirus infection | 06166 HPV | |
| 05203 Viral carcinogenesis | ||
| Genetic information processing in viruses |
03230 Viral genome structure | |
| 03240 Viral replication | ||
| Comparison with cellular organsms |
03240 RNA polymerase |
Last updated: August 12, 2022