KEGG   PATHWAY: egu00270
Entry
egu00270                    Pathway                                
Name
Cysteine and methionine metabolism - Elaeis guineensis (African oil palm)
Description
Cysteine and methionine are sulfur-containing amino acids. Cysteine is synthesized from serine through different pathways in different organism groups. In bacteria and plants, cysteine is converted from serine (via acetylserine) by transfer of hydrogen sulfide [MD:M00021]. In animals, methionine-derived homocysteine is used as sulfur source and its condensation product with serine (cystathionine) is converted to cysteine [MD:M00338]. Cysteine is metabolized to pyruvate in multiple routes. Methionine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, methionine is synthesized from aspartate [MD:M00017]. S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM), synthesized from methionine and ATP, is a methyl group donor in many important transfer reactions including DNA methylation for regulation of gene expression. SAM may also be used to regenerate methionine in the methionine salvage pathway [MD:M00034].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
egu00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
egu00270

Module
egu_M00021  Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:egu00270]
egu_M00034  Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:egu00270]
egu_M00368  Ethylene biosynthesis, methionine => ethylene [PATH:egu00270]
Other DBs
GO: 0006534 0006555
Organism
Elaeis guineensis (African oil palm) [GN:egu]
Gene
105032793  serine acetyltransferase 1, chloroplastic [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
105032796  serine acetyltransferase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
105033933  probable serine acetyltransferase 4 [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
105042651  probable serine acetyltransferase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
105047309  probable serine acetyltransferase 1 [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
105061540  probable serine acetyltransferase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
105055209  probable serine acetyltransferase 2 [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
109504776  probable serine acetyltransferase 1 [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
105033392  cysteine synthase [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
105033394  cysteine synthase [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
105040460  cysteine synthase isoform X2 [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
105040461  cysteine synthase-like [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
105042287  cysteine synthase [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
105058131  cysteine synthase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
105051492  cysteine synthase [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
105043037  bifunctional L-3-cyanoalanine synthase/cysteine synthase 1, mitochondrial [KO:K13034] [EC:2.5.1.47 4.4.1.9]
105036687  cystathionine beta-lyase, chloroplastic [KO:K01760] [EC:4.4.1.13]
105042323  homocysteine S-methyltransferase 2 [KO:K00547] [EC:2.1.1.10]
105048506  homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K00547] [EC:2.1.1.10]
105057316  homocysteine S-methyltransferase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K00547] [EC:2.1.1.10]
105035375  5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-- homocysteine methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00549] [EC:2.1.1.14]
105035031  5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-- homocysteine methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00549] [EC:2.1.1.14]
105042372  5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-- homocysteine methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00549] [EC:2.1.1.14]
105053250  5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-- homocysteine methyltransferase 2-like [KO:K00549] [EC:2.1.1.14]
105054007  5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-- homocysteine methyltransferase 1-like [KO:K00549] [EC:2.1.1.14]
105038010  S-adenosylmethionine synthase 3 [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]
105040082  S-adenosylmethionine synthase-like [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]
105044935  S-adenosylmethionine synthase [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]
105059754  S-adenosylmethionine synthase-like [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]
105057289  S-adenosylmethionine synthase [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]
105032002  S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
105039560  S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
105050758  S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme-like [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
105045398  S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme 4-like [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
105052707  S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme 4-like [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
105031981  S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme-like [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
105039242  spermine synthase [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
105060266  spermidine synthase 1 [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
105040703  spermine synthase isoform X1 [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
105050680  spermidine synthase 1-like [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
105045032  nicotianamine synthase 3 [KO:K05953] [EC:2.5.1.43]
105057353  nicotianamine synthase 3-like [KO:K05953] [EC:2.5.1.43]
105033910  5'-methylthioadenosine/S-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase 2-like isoform X4 [KO:K01244] [EC:3.2.2.16]
105061156  5'-methylthioadenosine/S-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K01244] [EC:3.2.2.16]
105050176  methylthioribose kinase-like [KO:K00899] [EC:2.7.1.100]
105050177  methylthioribose kinase [KO:K00899] [EC:2.7.1.100]
105051724  methylthioribose-1-phosphate isomerase [KO:K08963] [EC:5.3.1.23]
105034201  probable bifunctional methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase/enolase-phosphatase E1 [KO:K16054] [EC:4.2.1.109 3.1.3.77]
105035746  1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentene dioxygenase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08967] [EC:1.13.11.53 1.13.11.54]
105053394  1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentene dioxygenase 1 [KO:K08967] [EC:1.13.11.53 1.13.11.54]
105058225  uncharacterized protein LOC105058225 [KO:K23977] [EC:2.6.1.117]
105040940  nicotianamine aminotransferase A [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]
105059989  probable aminotransferase TAT2 [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]
105059924  probable aminotransferase TAT2 isoform X1 [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]
105040248  uncharacterized protein LOC105040248 [KO:K00837] [EC:2.6.1.-]
105047871  uncharacterized protein LOC105047871 [KO:K00837] [EC:2.6.1.-]
105043483  methionine gamma-lyase [KO:K01761] [EC:4.4.1.11]
105034775  DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase CMT2-like isoform X1 [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]
105036523  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1B-like [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]
105055950  DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1B [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]
105056476  DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase CMT3 [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]
105032148  uncharacterized protein LOC105032148 [KO:K17398] [EC:2.1.1.37]
105032394  adenosylhomocysteinase-like [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]
105034922  adenosylhomocysteinase [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]
105038875  adenosylhomocysteinase [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]
105043536  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase-like [KO:K20772] [EC:4.4.1.14]
105043325  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase-like [KO:K20772] [EC:4.4.1.14]
105040474  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 7 [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
105048002  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 7 [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
105055886  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 3 [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
105058291  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 3-like [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
105032553  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase-like [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
105035107  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
105038434  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase-like [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
105038435  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase-like [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
105039092  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 3 [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
105040421  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 1 [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
105047690  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 1 [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
105051796  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
105061033  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
105047965  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 1 [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
105049729  aspartokinase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
105049020  aspartokinase 2, chloroplastic [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
105039512  bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic isoform X1 [KO:K12524] [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3]
105058024  uncharacterized protein LOC105058024 isoform X1 [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]
105061169  uncharacterized protein LOC105061169 isoform X1 [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]
105052383  uncharacterized protein LOC105052383 isoform X1 [KO:K00003] [EC:1.1.1.3]
105058567  cystathionine gamma-synthase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01739] [EC:2.5.1.48]
105056640  cystathionine gamma-synthase 1, chloroplastic isoform X1 [KO:K01739] [EC:2.5.1.48]
105058185  branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase 5, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]
105058186  branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase 2, chloroplastic [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]
105055889  branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase 5, chloroplastic [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]
105048590  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
105044778  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 3, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
105045932  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 3, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
105057104  glutamate--cysteine ligase A, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01919] [EC:6.3.2.2]
105044585  glutamate--cysteine ligase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01919] [EC:6.3.2.2]
105045397  glutathione synthetase, chloroplastic isoform X1 [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]
105052710  glutathione synthetase, chloroplastic isoform X1 [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]
105044252  aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic [KO:K14454] [EC:2.6.1.1]
105048107  aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K14455] [EC:2.6.1.1]
105060235  aspartate aminotransferase, chloroplastic [KO:K00811] [EC:2.6.1.1]
105049051  thiosulfate/3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase 1, mitochondrial [KO:K01011] [EC:2.8.1.1 2.8.1.2]
105046766  thiosulfate/3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase 2 [KO:K01011] [EC:2.8.1.1 2.8.1.2]
105059508  L-lactate dehydrogenase A-like [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]
105054989  L-lactate dehydrogenase B-like [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]
105053135  putative D-cysteine desulfhydrase 1, mitochondrial [KO:K05396] [EC:4.4.1.15]
105035661  putative D-cysteine desulfhydrase 2, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K05396] [EC:4.4.1.15]
105035494  putative L-cysteine desulfhydrase 1 [KO:K22207] [EC:4.4.1.28]
105035146  putative L-cysteine desulfhydrase 1 [KO:K22207] [EC:4.4.1.28]
105044322  malate dehydrogenase [KO:K00025] [EC:1.1.1.37]
105055679  malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic [KO:K00025] [EC:1.1.1.37]
105043662  malate dehydrogenase isoform X2 [KO:K00025] [EC:1.1.1.37]
105038457  malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
105040661  malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
105041737  malate dehydrogenase, chloroplastic [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
105060089  malate dehydrogenase, glyoxysomal [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
105058543  malate dehydrogenase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
105061005  malate dehydrogenase, glyoxysomal [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
105055912  malate dehydrogenase, glyoxysomal isoform X1 [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
105056603  malate dehydrogenase, chloroplastic [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
105046100  cysteine synthase isoform X1 [KO:K22846] [EC:2.5.1.144]
105039735  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
105049537  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 3, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
105060991  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
105050358  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
105053256  phosphoserine aminotransferase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
Compound
C00019  S-Adenosyl-L-methionine
C00021  S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine
C00022  Pyruvate
C00041  L-Alanine
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00051  Glutathione
C00059  Sulfate
C00065  L-Serine
C00073  L-Methionine
C00094  Sulfite
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00155  L-Homocysteine
C00170  5'-Methylthioadenosine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00283  Hydrogen sulfide
C00409  Methanethiol
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00491  L-Cystine
C00506  L-Cysteate
C00606  3-Sulfino-L-alanine
C00793  D-Cysteine
C00957  Mercaptopyruvate
C00979  O-Acetyl-L-serine
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01077  O-Acetyl-L-homoserine
C01118  O-Succinyl-L-homoserine
C01137  S-Adenosylmethioninamine
C01180  4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid
C01234  1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate
C01817  L-Homocystine
C01962  Thiocysteine
C02218  Dehydroalanine
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02356  (S)-2-Aminobutanoate
C02989  L-Methionine S-oxide
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03089  5-Methylthio-D-ribose
C03145  N-Formylmethionine
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03431  S-Inosyl-L-homocysteine
C03539  S-Ribosyl-L-homocysteine
C04188  S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribose 1-phosphate
C04582  S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribulose 1-phosphate
C05324  Nicotianamine
C05524  Aminoacyl-L-methionine
C05526  S-Glutathionyl-L-cysteine
C05527  3-Sulfinylpyruvate
C05528  3-Sulfopyruvate
C05823  3-Mercaptolactate
C05824  S-Sulfo-L-cysteine
C06547  Ethylene
C08276  3-(Methylthio)propanoate
C09306  Sulfur dioxide
C11437  1-Deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate
C11481  HSO3-
C11499  (S)-3-Sulfolactate
C11537  (2R)-3-Sulfolactate
C15606  1,2-Dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one
C15650  2,3-Diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate
C15651  2-Hydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate
C18049  N-Acyl-L-homoserine lactone
C19787  5'-S-Methyl-5'-thioinosine
C21015  gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-2-aminobutyrate
C21016  Ophthalmate
C22359  S-Methyl-1-thio-D-xylulose 5-phosphate
Reference
PMID:15102328
  Authors
Sekowska A, Denervaud V, Ashida H, Michoud K, Haas D, Yokota A, Danchin A
  Title
Bacterial variations on the methionine salvage pathway.
  Journal
BMC Microbiol 4:9 (2004)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-4-9
Reference
PMID:14551435
  Authors
Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Kobayashi K, Ogasawara N, Yokota A.
  Title
A functional link between RuBisCO-like protein of Bacillus and photosynthetic RuBisCO.
  Journal
Science 302:286-90 (2003)
DOI:10.1126/science.1086997
Reference
PMID:12022921
  Authors
Sekowska A, Danchin A.
  Title
The methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.
  Journal
BMC Microbiol 2:8 (2002)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-2-8
Reference
PMID:12670965
  Authors
Berger BJ, English S, Chan G, Knodel MH.
  Title
Methionine regeneration and aminotransferases in Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus anthracis.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 185:2418-31 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.8.2418-2431.2003
Reference
PMID:17169919
  Authors
Goyer A, Collakova E, Shachar-Hill Y, Hanson AD
  Title
Functional characterization of a methionine gamma-lyase in Arabidopsis and its implication in an alternative to the reverse trans-sulfuration pathway.
  Journal
Plant Cell Physiol 48:232-42 (2007)
DOI:10.1093/pcp/pcl055
Reference
PMID:17030798
  Authors
Rebeille F, Jabrin S, Bligny R, Loizeau K, Gambonnet B, Van Wilder V, Douce R, Ravanel S
  Title
Methionine catabolism in Arabidopsis cells is initiated by a gamma-cleavage process and leads to S-methylcysteine and isoleucine syntheses.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:15687-92 (2006)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0606195103
Reference
PMID:18625006
  Authors
Pirkov I, Norbeck J, Gustafsson L, Albers E
  Title
A complete inventory of all enzymes in the eukaryotic methionine salvage pathway.
  Journal
FEBS J 275:4111-20 (2008)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06552.x
Reference
PMID:18391471
  Authors
Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Yokota A
  Title
Enzymatic characterization of 5-methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase of the methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.
  Journal
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 72:959-67 (2008)
DOI:10.1271/bbb.70651
Reference
PMID:10613873
  Authors
Kitabatake M, So MW, Tumbula DL, Soll D
  Title
Cysteine biosynthesis pathway in the archaeon Methanosarcina barkeri encoded by acquired bacterial genes?
  Journal
J Bacteriol 182:143-5 (2000)
DOI:10.1128/JB.182.1.143-145.2000
Reference
PMID:12644499
  Authors
Mino K, Ishikawa K
  Title
Characterization of a novel thermostable O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase from Aeropyrum pernix K1.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 185:2277-84 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.7.2277-2284.2003
Reference
PMID:18520135
  Authors
Tanabe S
  Title
Development of assay methods for endogenous inorganic sulfur compounds and sulfurtransferases and evaluation of the physiological functions of bound sulfur.
  Journal
Yakugaku Zasshi 128:881-900 (2008)
DOI:10.1248/yakushi.128.881
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:19270684
  Authors
Gutierrez JA, Crowder T, Rinaldo-Matthis A, Ho MC, Almo SC, Schramm VL
  Title
Transition state analogs of 5'-methylthioadenosine nucleosidase disrupt quorum sensing.
  Journal
Nat Chem Biol 5:251-7 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nchembio.153
Related
pathway
egu00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
egu00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
egu00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
egu00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
egu00430  Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism
egu00480  Glutathione metabolism
egu00620  Pyruvate metabolism
egu00640  Propanoate metabolism
egu00770  Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis
egu00900  Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
egu00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00270   
LinkDB

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