KEGG PATHWAY: ame04140

KEGG

PATHWAY: ame04140

Entry

ame04140                    Pathway

Name

Autophagy - animal - Apis mellifera (honey bee)

Description

Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.

Class

Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism

Pathway map

Autophagy - animal

Other DBs

GO:

Organism

Apis mellifera (honey bee) [GN:ame]

Gene

insulin receptor substrate 1-B isoform X1 [KO:K16172]

phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X2 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]

uncharacterized protein LOC408577 isoform X1 [KO:K02649]

3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X3 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]

RAC serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]

Pten; phosphatase and tensin-like [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]

ras-like protein 1 [KO:K07827]

ras-related protein M-Ras [KO:K07831]

ras-like protein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K07830]

dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase dSOR1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]

mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]

uncharacterized protein LOC408852 isoform X1 [KO:K08268]

tuberin isoform X1 [KO:K07207]

hamartin isoform X1 [KO:K07206]

uncharacterized protein LOC409667 isoform X2 [KO:K15464]

GTP-binding protein Rheb homolog [KO:K07208]

regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07204]

serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]

uncharacterized protein LOC551512 [KO:K16184]

target of rapamycin complex subunit lst8 [KO:K08266]

ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]

ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]

immunoglobulin-binding protein 1 [KO:K17606]

serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]

serine/threonine-protein kinase unc-51 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]

autophagy-related protein 13 homolog isoform X2 [KO:K08331]

autophagy-related protein 101 isoform X1 [KO:K19730]

RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 isoform X3 [KO:K17589]

autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B isoform X1 [KO:K17906]

WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K17908]

WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 3 [KO:K22991]

WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K22991]

autophagy-related protein 9A [KO:K17907]

transcription factor SPT20 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K21245]

ras-related protein Rab-8A isoform X1 [KO:K07901]

sequestosome-1 [KO:K14381]

inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]

ras-related protein Rab-1A [KO:K07874]

ras-related GTP-binding protein A [KO:K16185]

ras-related GTP-binding protein D isoform X1 [KO:K16186]

serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 isoform X2 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]

5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]

cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]

cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit-like [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]

stress-activated protein kinase JNK isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]

beclin-1-like protein isoform X2 [KO:K08334]

nuclear receptor-binding factor 2 [KO:K21246]

phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 isoform X2 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]

phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]

beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889]

activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K17985]

TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]

tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K21247]

vacuole membrane protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K21248]

syntaxin-17 [KO:K08491]

UV radiation resistance-associated gene protein [KO:K21249]

endophilin-B1 isoform X1 [KO:K11248]

run domain Beclin-1-interacting and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein [KO:K19330]

uncharacterized protein LOC413153 isoform X2 [KO:K07359] [EC:2.7.11.17]

mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X2 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]

serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 isoform X1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]

death-associated protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]

high mobility group protein DSP1 [KO:K10802]

eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase isoform X1 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]

eIF-2-alpha kinase GCN2 isoform X1 [KO:K16196] [EC:2.7.11.1]

eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]

myotubularin-related protein 4 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]

myotubularin-related protein 14 [KO:K18086] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]

zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K17603]

autophagy protein 12-like isoform X1 [KO:K08336]

autophagy protein 5 [KO:K08339]

autophagy-related protein 16 isoform X1 [KO:K17890]

ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme atg7 isoform X1 [KO:K08337]

ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG10 isoform X1 [KO:K17888]

ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 [KO:K08343]

gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]

microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A [KO:K10435]

cysteine protease ATG4B [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]

cysteine protease ATG4C isoform X3 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]

tax1-binding protein 1 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K21347]

WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K22262]

ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40 [KO:K02927]

ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]

polyubiquitin-A isoform X2 [KO:K08770]

polyubiquitin-A isoform X2 [KO:K08770]

synaptosomal-associated protein 29 [KO:K08509]

synaptobrevin homolog YKT6 [KO:K08516]

syntaxin-7 [KO:K08488]

ectopic P granules protein 5 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K23883]

pleckstrin homology domain-containing family M member 1 [KO:K23282]

vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20179]

vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog isoform X2 [KO:K20180]

vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20181]

vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A isoform X2 [KO:K20182]

vam6/Vps39-like protein isoform X2 [KO:K20183]

vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20184]

baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K10586] [EC:2.3.2.23]

Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 2 [KO:K26797]

ras-related protein Rab-7a [KO:K07897]

lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 [KO:K06528]

lysosomal aspartic protease [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]

cathepsin L1 [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]

Compound

GDP

GTP

Phosphatidylethanolamine

1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol

1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate

Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate

Reference

Authors

Meijer AJ, Codogno P.

Title

Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.

Journal

Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2445-62 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.02.002

Reference

Authors

Deretic V.

Title

Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.

Journal

Trends Immunol 26:523-8 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2005.08.003

Reference

Authors

Levine B, Yuan J.

Title

Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?

Journal

J Clin Invest 115:2679-88 (2005)
DOI:10.1172/JCI26390

Reference

Authors

Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.

Title

LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.

Journal

Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2503-18 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.05.009

Reference

Authors

Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.

Title

Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.

Journal

Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:439-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1660

Reference

Authors

Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.

Title

Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?

Journal

Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:415-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.06.007

Reference

Authors

Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.

Title

Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.

Journal

Science 290:1717-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1126/science.290.5497.1717

Reference

Authors

Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.

Title

Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.

Journal

Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37:2098-114 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.02.029

Reference

Authors

He C, Klionsky DJ

Title

Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.

Journal

Annu Rev Genet 43:67-93 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-102808-114910

Reference

Authors

Yang Z, Klionsky DJ

Title

An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.

Journal

Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 335:1-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_1

Reference

Authors

Yang Z, Klionsky DJ

Title

Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.

Journal

Curr Opin Cell Biol 22:124-31 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.11.014

Reference

Authors

Chen Y, Klionsky DJ

Title

The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.

Journal

J Cell Sci 124:161-70 (2011)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.064576

Reference

Authors

Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y

Title

The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.

Journal

Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 27:107-32 (2011)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154005

Reference

Authors

Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL

Title

Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.

Journal

Cell Res 24:42-57 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2013.166

Reference

Authors

Noda NN, Fujioka Y

Title

Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.

Journal

Cell Mol Life Sci 72:3083-96 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-1917-z

Related
pathway

Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum

Lysosome

mTOR signaling pathway

KO pathway

LinkDB

DBGET integrated database retrieval system