KEGG   PATHWAY: amil04144
Entry
amil04144                   Pathway                                
Name
Endocytosis - Acropora millepora
Description
Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
amil04144  Endocytosis
amil04144

Other DBs
GO: 0006897
Organism
Acropora millepora [GN:amil]
Gene
114975812  ADP-ribosylation factor 6-like [KO:K07941]
114975815  ADP-ribosylation factor 6 [KO:K07941]
114975935  phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 alpha-like [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
114967584  phospholipase D zeta 1-like [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
114962982  phospholipase D1-like [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
114954062  dynamin-1-like isoform X1 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
114949996  clathrin light chain A-like [KO:K04644]
114968988  clathrin heavy chain 1-like [KO:K04646]
114974860  AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2-like [KO:K11824]
114951182  AP-2 complex subunit mu-like [KO:K11826]
114966837  AP-2 complex subunit sigma [KO:K11827]
114966404  activin receptor type-1C-like [KO:K04674] [EC:2.7.11.30]
114964783  mucin-17-like [KO:K04679]
114961395  zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 16-like isoform X1 [KO:K04679]
114955849  mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3-like isoform X1 [KO:K23605]
114956285  fibroblast growth factor receptor 3-like [KO:K05093] [EC:2.7.10.1]
114969228  fibroblast growth factor receptor 4-like isoform X1 [KO:K05093] [EC:2.7.10.1]
114966219  fibroblast growth factor receptor 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K05093] [EC:2.7.10.1]
114966221  fibroblast growth factor receptor 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K05093] [EC:2.7.10.1]
114956279  fibroblast growth factor receptor 3-like [KO:K05093] [EC:2.7.10.1]
114956284  fibroblast growth factor receptor 2-like [KO:K05093] [EC:2.7.10.1]
114962175  tyrosine kinase receptor Cad96Ca-like [KO:K05095] [EC:2.7.10.1]
114953880  E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase CBL-like [KO:K04707] [EC:2.3.2.27]
114956130  endophilin-A2-like [KO:K11247]
114947145  endophilin-B2-like [KO:K21269]
114970838  myc box-dependent-interacting protein 1-like [KO:K12562]
114973511  epsin-2-like [KO:K12471]
114971681  epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15-like 1 [KO:K12472]
114958754  spartin-like [KO:K19366]
114954951  E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase NEDD4-like isoform X1 [KO:K10591] [EC:2.3.2.26]
114950841  uncharacterized protein LOC114950841 [KO:K06643] [EC:2.3.2.27]
114953101  TNF receptor-associated factor 6-like [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
114953110  TNF receptor-associated factor 6-like isoform X1 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
114953111  TNF receptor-associated factor 6-like [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
114953112  TNF receptor-associated factor 6-like [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
114953114  TNF receptor-associated factor 6-like [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
114953204  TNF receptor-associated factor 6-like [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
114953216  TNF receptor-associated factor 6-like [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
114957717  TNF receptor-associated factor 4-like isoform X1 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
114973365  E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase NRDP1-like [KO:K11981] [EC:2.3.2.27]
114966510  NEDD4-like E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase WWP1 isoform X1 [KO:K05633] [EC:2.3.2.26]
114953310  uncharacterized protein LOC114953310 [KO:K12474]
114948068  low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1-like [KO:K12474]
114948853  PTB domain-containing engulfment adapter protein 1-like [KO:K12474]
114952873  disabled homolog 2-like [KO:K12475]
114960143  beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 2-like [KO:K00910] [EC:2.7.11.15]
114958128  G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5-like isoform X1 [KO:K08291] [EC:2.7.11.16]
114955612  beta-arrestin-1-like isoform X1 [KO:K04439]
114957328  neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein-like [KO:K23612]
114956639  actin-related protein 2 [KO:K17260]
114961683  actin-related protein 3 [KO:K18584]
114964688  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1A-A-like [KO:K05757]
114973435  probable actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 [KO:K05758]
114960183  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 3-A-like isoform X1 [KO:K05756]
114954172  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4 [KO:K05755]
114947666  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5-C-like [KO:K05754]
114957299  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 1-like [KO:K19475]
114970286  heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein-like [KO:K03283]
114974793  heat shock protein 68-like [KO:K03283]
114960586  heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein-like [KO:K03283]
114960603  heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein-like [KO:K03283]
114960605  heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein-like [KO:K03283]
114969832  WASH complex subunit 4-like isoform X1 [KO:K18465]
114965837  WASH complex subunit 5-like [KO:K18464]
114956624  WASH complex subunit 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K18462]
114975675  WASH complex subunit 1-like [KO:K18461]
114957400  WASH complex subunit 3-like [KO:K18463]
114958949  F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha-2-like [KO:K10364]
114962032  F-actin-capping protein subunit beta-like isoform X1 [KO:K10365]
114958344  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29-like [KO:K18467]
114949086  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26B-like [KO:K18466]
114955462  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35-like [KO:K18468]
114966879  sorting nexin-3-like [KO:K17918]
114971303  ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 8-like [KO:K11839] [EC:3.4.19.12]
114963644  STAM-binding protein-like [KO:K11866] [EC:3.4.19.12]
114976501  ras-related protein rab7 [KO:K07897]
114966964  hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate-like isoform X1 [KO:K12182]
114970577  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: signal transducing adapter molecule 2-like [KO:K04705]
114965271  tumor susceptibility gene 101 protein-like [KO:K12183]
114956610  tumor susceptibility gene 101 protein-like [KO:K12183]
114954023  uncharacterized protein LOC114954023 [KO:K12186]
114966372  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 28 homolog [KO:K12184]
114955964  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37B-like [KO:K12185]
114968634  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37A-like [KO:K12185]
114971075  vacuolar-sorting protein SNF8-like isoform X1 [KO:K12188]
114957971  vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 36-like [KO:K12190]
114968064  vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25-like [KO:K12189]
114958207  charged multivesicular body protein 6-A-like [KO:K12195]
114958208  charged multivesicular body protein 6-like isoform X1 [KO:K12195]
114957772  charged multivesicular body protein 4b-like [KO:K12194]
114967980  charged multivesicular body protein 3-like [KO:K12193]
114977138  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: charged multivesicular body protein 2a-like [KO:K12191]
114961977  charged multivesicular body protein 2b-B-like isoform X1 [KO:K12192]
114967865  charged multivesicular body protein 7-like [KO:K15053]
114973513  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4-like isoform X1 [KO:K12196]
114968901  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B-like [KO:K12196]
114954633  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VTA1 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K12199]
114960410  charged multivesicular body protein 1b-like [KO:K12197]
114952573  charged multivesicular body protein 1a-like [KO:K12197]
114964131  charged multivesicular body protein 5-like [KO:K12198]
114961707  IST1 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K19476]
114951461  programmed cell death 6-interacting protein-like [KO:K12200]
114955035  maspardin-like [KO:K19367]
114948446  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor-like [KO:K06564]
114954956  sorting nexin-2-like [KO:K17917]
114963779  sorting nexin-6-like [KO:K17920]
114953441  sorting nexin-6-like [KO:K17920]
114947378  GTP-binding protein RHO1-like isoform X1 [KO:K04513]
114962198  ras-like GTP-binding protein RHO [KO:K04513]
114957317  riboflavin-binding protein-like [KO:K13649]
114969106  riboflavin-binding protein-like [KO:K13649]
114955411  folate receptor gamma-like [KO:K13649]
114957935  caveolin-3-like [KO:K12959]
114950709  EH domain-containing protein 3-like [KO:K12476]
114969045  early endosome antigen 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K12478]
114976316  rab GTPase-binding effector protein 1-like [KO:K12480]
114953445  rabenosyn-5-like [KO:K12481]
114952757  uncharacterized protein LOC114952757 isoform X1 [KO:K12481]
114954555  RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 2-like [KO:K12482]
114959543  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 45-like isoform X1 [KO:K12479]
114970848  sorting nexin-4-like [KO:K17919]
114965845  ras-related protein Rab-22A-like [KO:K07891]
114960025  ras-related protein Rab-10-like [KO:K07903]
114958019  ras-related protein Rab-10-like [KO:K07903]
114959978  ras-related protein Rab-10-like isoform X1 [KO:K07903]
114956229  ras-related protein Rab-8A-like [KO:K07901]
114971727  ras-related protein RABE1e-like isoform X1 [KO:K07901]
114971730  ras-like GTP-binding protein RYL1 [KO:K07901]
114960028  ras-related protein Rab-8B-like [KO:K07901]
114956247  GTP-binding protein ypt2-like [KO:K07901]
114960132  ras-related protein Rab-35-like [KO:K07876]
114975304  ras-related protein Rab-11A-like [KO:K07904]
114955856  ras-related protein Rab-11A-like [KO:K07904]
114955759  ras-related protein Rab-11A-like [KO:K07904]
114970173  protrudin-like isoform X1 [KO:K19368]
114970920  kinesin heavy chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K10396]
114958184  rab11 family-interacting protein 3-like isoform X1 [KO:K12485]
114971362  partitioning defective 3 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04237]
114962139  partitioning defective 6 homolog gamma-like [KO:K06093]
114962063  protein kinase C iota type-like [KO:K06069] [EC:2.7.11.13]
114950566  protein kinase C iota type-like [KO:K06069] [EC:2.7.11.13]
114970785  cell division control protein 42 homolog [KO:K04393]
114970787  cell division control protein 42 homolog [KO:K04393]
114960332  stromal membrane-associated protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K12486]
114957494  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ARF GTPase-activating protein GIT1-like [KO:K05737]
114963862  arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1-like [KO:K12488]
114965559  arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2-like [KO:K12489]
114954924  arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2-like [KO:K12489]
114965500  arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1-like [KO:K18439]
114958751  arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K12491]
114958015  ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 1-like [KO:K12492]
114960248  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 2-like [KO:K12493]
114963609  PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K12494]
114969047  IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K12495]
114959251  cytohesin-1-like isoform X1 [KO:K18441]
114964027  brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 2-like [KO:K18442]
114972814  Golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K18443]
114971299  ADP-ribosylation factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K07937]
114967729  ADP-ribosylation factor-like [KO:K07937]
114955756  ADP-ribosylation factor 4 [KO:K07939]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C04637  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C11556  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
Reference
PMID:19007773
  Authors
Acconcia F, Sigismund S, Polo S
  Title
Ubiquitin in trafficking: the network at work.
  Journal
Exp Cell Res 315:1610-8 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.yexcr.2008.10.014
Reference
PMID:18647649
  Authors
Donaldson JG, Porat-Shliom N, Cohen LA
  Title
Clathrin-independent endocytosis: a unique platform for cell signaling and PM remodeling.
  Journal
Cell Signal 21:1-6 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.cellsig.2008.06.020
Reference
PMID:15261671
  Authors
Sorkin A
  Title
Cargo recognition during clathrin-mediated endocytosis: a team effort.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 16:392-9 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2004.06.001
Reference
PMID:19325624
  Authors
Raiborg C, Stenmark H
  Title
The ESCRT machinery in endosomal sorting of ubiquitylated membrane proteins.
  Journal
Nature 458:445-52 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nature07961
Reference
PMID:20110990
  Authors
Scita G, Di Fiore PP
  Title
The endocytic matrix.
  Journal
Nature 463:464-73 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/nature08910
Reference
PMID:15687999
  Authors
Le Roy C, Wrana JL
  Title
Clathrin- and non-clathrin-mediated endocytic regulation of cell signalling.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:112-26 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1571
Reference
PMID:19924646
  Authors
Jovic M, Sharma M, Rahajeng J, Caplan S
  Title
The early endosome: a busy sorting station for proteins at the crossroads.
  Journal
Histol Histopathol 25:99-112 (2010)
DOI:10.14670/HH-25.99
Reference
PMID:16203612
  Authors
Pietiainen VM, Marjomaki V, Heino J, Hyypia T
  Title
Viral entry, lipid rafts and caveosomes.
  Journal
Ann Med 37:394-403 (2005)
DOI:10.1080/07853890510011976
Reference
PMID:19696797
  Authors
Grant BD, Donaldson JG
  Title
Pathways and mechanisms of endocytic recycling.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 10:597-608 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nrm2755
Reference
PMID:22193161
  Authors
Cullen PJ, Korswagen HC
  Title
Sorting nexins provide diversity for retromer-dependent trafficking events.
  Journal
Nat Cell Biol 14:29-37 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/ncb2374
Related
pathway
amil04070  Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
amil04130  SNARE interactions in vesicular transport
amil04142  Lysosome
amil04350  TGF-beta signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04144   
LinkDB

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