KEGG PATHWAY: arut00270

KEGG

PATHWAY: arut00270

Entry

arut00270                   Pathway

Name

Cysteine and methionine metabolism - Acipenser ruthenus (sterlet)

Description

Cysteine and methionine are sulfur-containing amino acids. Cysteine is synthesized from serine through different pathways in different organism groups. In bacteria and plants, cysteine is converted from serine (via acetylserine) by transfer of hydrogen sulfide [MD:M00021]. In animals, methionine-derived homocysteine is used as sulfur source and its condensation product with serine (cystathionine) is converted to cysteine [MD:M00338]. Cysteine is metabolized to pyruvate in multiple routes. Methionine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, methionine is synthesized from aspartate [MD:M00017]. S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM), synthesized from methionine and ATP, is a methyl group donor in many important transfer reactions including DNA methylation for regulation of gene expression. SAM may also be used to regenerate methionine in the methionine salvage pathway [MD:M00034].

Class

Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism

Pathway map

Cysteine and methionine metabolism

Module

Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:arut00270]

Methionine degradation [PATH:arut00270]

Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:arut00270]

Other DBs

GO:	0006534 0006555

Organism

Acipenser ruthenus (sterlet) [GN:arut]

Gene

cystathionine gamma-lyase-like [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]

kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K00816] [EC:2.6.1.7 4.4.1.13 2.6.1.64]

kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3-like [KO:K00816] [EC:2.6.1.7 4.4.1.13 2.6.1.64]

kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1-like [KO:K00816] [EC:2.6.1.7 4.4.1.13 2.6.1.64]

cbsa; cystathionine beta-synthase a isoform X1 [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]

betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]

betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]

zgc:172121; homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K00547] [EC:2.1.1.10]

mtr; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: methionine synthase [KO:K00548] [EC:2.1.1.13]

S-adenosylmethionine synthase-like [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]

S-adenosylmethionine synthase [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]

S-adenosylmethionine synthase [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]

S-adenosylmethionine synthase [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]

mat2b; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: methionine adenosyltransferase 2 subunit beta [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]

S-adenosylmethionine synthase [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]

S-adenosylmethionine synthase [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]

S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme-like [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]

S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme-like [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]

spermidine synthase-like [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]

spermidine synthase-like [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]

spermine synthase-like isoform X1 [KO:K00802] [EC:2.5.1.22]

spermine synthase-like [KO:K00802] [EC:2.5.1.22]

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine phosphorylase-like [KO:K00772] [EC:2.4.2.28]

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine phosphorylase [KO:K00772] [EC:2.4.2.28]

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine phosphorylase isoform X1 [KO:K00772] [EC:2.4.2.28]

lacc1; laccase domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05810] [EC:2.4.2.1 2.4.2.28 3.5.4.4]

methylthioribose-1-phosphate isomerase-like [KO:K08963] [EC:5.3.1.23]

methylthioribose-1-phosphate isomerase [KO:K08963] [EC:5.3.1.23]

methylthioribose-1-phosphate isomerase-like [KO:K08963] [EC:5.3.1.23]

apip; methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase [KO:K08964] [EC:4.2.1.109]

enolase-phosphatase E1-like [KO:K09880] [EC:3.1.3.77]

enolase-phosphatase E1 [KO:K09880] [EC:3.1.3.77]

adi1; 1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentene dioxygenase [KO:K08967] [EC:1.13.11.53 1.13.11.54]

tat; tyrosine aminotransferase [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]

tyrosine aminotransferase-like [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]

L-amino-acid oxidase-like [KO:K03334] [EC:1.4.3.2]

L-amino-acid oxidase-like isoform X1 [KO:K03334] [EC:1.4.3.2]

L-amino-acid oxidase-like [KO:K03334] [EC:1.4.3.2]

LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: L-amino-acid oxidase-like [KO:K03334] [EC:1.4.3.2]

glycine N-methyltransferase-like [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]

glycine N-methyltransferase-like [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A-like isoform X1 [KO:K17398] [EC:2.1.1.37]

LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A-like [KO:K17398] [EC:2.1.1.37]

uncharacterized protein LOC117405933 [KO:K17399] [EC:2.1.1.37]

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3C-like [KO:K17399] [EC:2.1.1.37]

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A-like [KO:K17399] [EC:2.1.1.37]

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3B-like [KO:K17399] [EC:2.1.1.37]

uncharacterized protein LOC117420980 [KO:K17399] [EC:2.1.1.37]

LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: uncharacterized protein LOC117422312 [KO:K17399] [EC:2.1.1.37]

putative adenosylhomocysteinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]

adenosylhomocysteinase A [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]

putative adenosylhomocysteinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]

S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]

S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]

adenosylhomocysteinase A [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]

bcat1; branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]

branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, cytosolic-like [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]

agxt2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]

glutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit-like isoform X1 [KO:K11204] [EC:6.3.2.2]

glutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit-like [KO:K11204] [EC:6.3.2.2]

glutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit-like isoform X1 [KO:K11204] [EC:6.3.2.2]

glutamate--cysteine ligase regulatory subunit-like [KO:K11205]

glutamate--cysteine ligase regulatory subunit-like [KO:K11205]

glutathione synthetase-like isoform X1 [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]

LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutathione synthetase-like [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]

cysteine dioxygenase type 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K00456] [EC:1.13.11.20]

cysteine dioxygenase type 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K00456] [EC:1.13.11.20]

cysteine dioxygenase type 1-like [KO:K00456] [EC:1.13.11.20]

cysteine dioxygenase type 1-like [KO:K00456] [EC:1.13.11.20]

aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic-like [KO:K14454] [EC:2.6.1.1]

aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic isoform X1 [KO:K14454] [EC:2.6.1.1]

got1; aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic [KO:K14454] [EC:2.6.1.1]

aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic-like [KO:K14454] [EC:2.6.1.1]

aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K14455] [EC:2.6.1.1]

L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain-like [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]

L-lactate dehydrogenase B-A chain [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]

L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain-like [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]

L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain-like [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]

L-lactate dehydrogenase B-A chain [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]

L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]

mdh1ab; malate dehydrogenase 1Ab, NAD (soluble) [KO:K00025] [EC:1.1.1.37]

malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic [KO:K00025] [EC:1.1.1.37]

mdh2; malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]

serine dehydratase-like isoform X1 [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]

L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]

sdsl; serine dehydratase-like isoform X1 [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]

L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]

D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase-like isoform X1 [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]

D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase-like isoform X1 [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]

psat1; phosphoserine aminotransferase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]

Compound

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine

S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine

Pyruvate

L-Alanine

L-Aspartate

Glutathione

Sulfate

L-Serine

L-Methionine

Sulfite

L-Cysteine

2-Oxobutanoate

L-Homocysteine

5'-Methylthioadenosine

3-Phospho-D-glycerate

L-Homoserine

Hydrogen sulfide

Methanethiol

L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-Cystine

L-Cysteate

3-Sulfino-L-alanine

D-Cysteine

Mercaptopyruvate

O-Acetyl-L-serine

O-Phospho-L-serine

O-Acetyl-L-homoserine

O-Succinyl-L-homoserine

S-Adenosylmethioninamine

4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate

L-Homocystine

Thiocysteine

Dehydroalanine

L-Cystathionine

(S)-2-Aminobutanoate

L-Methionine S-oxide

4-Phospho-L-aspartate

5-Methylthio-D-ribose

N-Formylmethionine

3-Phosphonooxypyruvate

S-Inosyl-L-homocysteine

S-Ribosyl-L-homocysteine

S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribose 1-phosphate

S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribulose 1-phosphate

Nicotianamine

Aminoacyl-L-methionine

S-Glutathionyl-L-cysteine

3-Sulfinylpyruvate

3-Sulfopyruvate

3-Mercaptolactate

S-Sulfo-L-cysteine

Ethylene

3-(Methylthio)propanoate

Sulfur dioxide

1-Deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

HSO3-

(S)-3-Sulfolactate

(2R)-3-Sulfolactate

1,2-Dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one

2,3-Diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate

2-Hydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate

N-Acyl-L-homoserine lactone

5'-S-Methyl-5'-thioinosine

gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-2-aminobutyrate

Ophthalmate

S-Methyl-1-thio-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

Reference

Authors

Sekowska A, Denervaud V, Ashida H, Michoud K, Haas D, Yokota A, Danchin A

Title

Bacterial variations on the methionine salvage pathway.

Journal

BMC Microbiol 4:9 (2004)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-4-9

Reference

Authors

Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Kobayashi K, Ogasawara N, Yokota A.

Title

A functional link between RuBisCO-like protein of Bacillus and photosynthetic RuBisCO.

Journal

Science 302:286-90 (2003)
DOI:10.1126/science.1086997

Reference

Authors

Sekowska A, Danchin A.

Title

The methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.

Journal

BMC Microbiol 2:8 (2002)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-2-8

Reference

Authors

Berger BJ, English S, Chan G, Knodel MH.

Title

Methionine regeneration and aminotransferases in Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus anthracis.

Journal

J Bacteriol 185:2418-31 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.8.2418-2431.2003

Reference

Authors

Goyer A, Collakova E, Shachar-Hill Y, Hanson AD

Title

Functional characterization of a methionine gamma-lyase in Arabidopsis and its implication in an alternative to the reverse trans-sulfuration pathway.

Journal

Plant Cell Physiol 48:232-42 (2007)
DOI:10.1093/pcp/pcl055

Reference

Authors

Rebeille F, Jabrin S, Bligny R, Loizeau K, Gambonnet B, Van Wilder V, Douce R, Ravanel S

Title

Methionine catabolism in Arabidopsis cells is initiated by a gamma-cleavage process and leads to S-methylcysteine and isoleucine syntheses.

Journal

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:15687-92 (2006)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0606195103

Reference

Authors

Pirkov I, Norbeck J, Gustafsson L, Albers E

Title

A complete inventory of all enzymes in the eukaryotic methionine salvage pathway.

Journal

FEBS J 275:4111-20 (2008)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06552.x

Reference

Authors

Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Yokota A

Title

Enzymatic characterization of 5-methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase of the methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.

Journal

Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 72:959-67 (2008)
DOI:10.1271/bbb.70651

Reference

Authors

Kitabatake M, So MW, Tumbula DL, Soll D

Title

Cysteine biosynthesis pathway in the archaeon Methanosarcina barkeri encoded by acquired bacterial genes?

Journal

J Bacteriol 182:143-5 (2000)
DOI:10.1128/JB.182.1.143-145.2000

Reference

Authors

Mino K, Ishikawa K

Title

Characterization of a novel thermostable O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase from Aeropyrum pernix K1.

Journal

J Bacteriol 185:2277-84 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.7.2277-2284.2003

Reference

Authors

Tanabe S

Title

Development of assay methods for endogenous inorganic sulfur compounds and sulfurtransferases and evaluation of the physiological functions of bound sulfur.

Journal

Yakugaku Zasshi 128:881-900 (2008)
DOI:10.1248/yakushi.128.881

Reference

Authors

Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).

Title

[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)

Journal

Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)

Reference

Authors

Gutierrez JA, Crowder T, Rinaldo-Matthis A, Ho MC, Almo SC, Schramm VL

Title

Transition state analogs of 5'-methylthioadenosine nucleosidase disrupt quorum sensing.

Journal

Nat Chem Biol 5:251-7 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nchembio.153

Related
pathway

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis

Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism

Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism

Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis

Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism

Glutathione metabolism

Pyruvate metabolism

Propanoate metabolism

Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis

Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis

Sulfur metabolism

KO pathway

LinkDB

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