KEGG   PATHWAY: cbai00260
Entry
cbai00260                   Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Camelus bactrianus (Bactrian camel)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
cbai00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
cbai00260

Module
cbai_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:cbai00260]
cbai_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:cbai00260]
cbai_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:cbai00260]
cbai_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:cbai00260]
cbai_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:cbai00260]
cbai_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:cbai00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Camelus bactrianus (Bactrian camel) [GN:cbai]
Gene
105065597  probable low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 2 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
105083517  SHMT1; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
105062118  SHMT2; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
105063532  AGXT; serine--pyruvate aminotransferase [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
105067357  GRHPR; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
105080301  GLYCTK; glycerate kinase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
105080192  PGAM2; phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
105081784  PGAM1; phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
105063063  BPGM; bisphosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
105079235  PHGDH; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
105067300  PSAT1; phosphoserine aminotransferase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
105082760  PSPH; phosphoserine phosphatase [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
105073138  GCAT; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
105079127  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
105080188  ALAS1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
105069590  ALAS2; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
105079347  amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
105079348  MAOB; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
105080089  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: membrane primary amine oxidase-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
105080090  AOC3; membrane primary amine oxidase [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
105080091  AOC2; retina-specific copper amine oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
105073417  GLDC; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
105080258  AMT; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
105063013  DLD; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
105078887  GCSH; glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
105065743  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
105075661  DAO; D-amino-acid oxidase [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
105069421  AGXT2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
105076989  GATM; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
105078135  GAMT; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
105079586  choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
105082073  ALDH7A1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
105064349  BHMT; betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
105064350  DMGDH; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
105071552  PIPOX; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
105068574  SARDH; sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
105083787  GNMT; glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
105078063  CBS; cystathionine beta-synthase [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
105075542  CTH; cystathionine gamma-lyase isoform X1 [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
105075691  SDS; L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
105075692  SDSL; serine dehydratase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
105071500  SRR; serine racemase [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
cbai00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
cbai00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
cbai00230  Purine metabolism
cbai00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
cbai00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
cbai00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
cbai00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
cbai00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
cbai00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
cbai00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
cbai00620  Pyruvate metabolism
cbai00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
cbai00640  Propanoate metabolism
cbai00860  Porphyrin metabolism
cbai00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
LinkDB

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