KEGG   PATHWAY: cmy00260
Entry
cmy00260                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Chelonia mydas (green sea turtle)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
cmy00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
cmy00260

Module
cmy_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:cmy00260]
cmy_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:cmy00260]
cmy_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:cmy00260]
cmy_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:cmy00260]
cmy_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:cmy00260]
cmy_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:cmy00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Chelonia mydas (green sea turtle) [GN:cmy]
Gene
102931023  probable low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 2 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
102942517  SHMT1; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
114021057  SHMT2; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
102946946  AGXT; serine--pyruvate aminotransferase [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
102937755  glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase isoform X2 [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
102937531  glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase-like [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
102937579  GLYCTK; glycerate kinase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
102944104  PGAM1; phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
102935401  phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
102946921  BPGM; bisphosphoglycerate mutase isoform X2 [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
102932144  PHGDH; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
102941057  PSAT1; phosphoserine aminotransferase isoform X2 [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
102930618  PSPH; phosphoserine phosphatase [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
102934732  GCAT; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
102930668  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
102936462  ALAS2; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
102942173  ALAS1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
102935766  amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A isoform X2 [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
102945341  amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
102935443  AOC3; membrane primary amine oxidase isoform X2 [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
102934487  GLDC; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
102934727  AMT; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
102929843  DLD; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
102940954  GCSH; glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
102942158  DAO; D-amino-acid oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
102930944  AGXT2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
102929788  GATM; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
102941606  GAMT; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
102934056  CHDH; choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
102940167  ALDH7A1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase isoform X1 [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
102947612  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
102947394  DMGDH; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
102939718  PIPOX; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
102936719  SARDH; sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
102938095  GNMT; glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
102931998  cystathionine beta-synthase [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
102932224  cystathionine beta-synthase isoform X1 [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
102930648  CTH; cystathionine gamma-lyase isoform X2 [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
119566860  L-threonine dehydratase catabolic TdcB-like [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
102939692  L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
102939904  serine dehydratase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
102942154  SRR; serine racemase isoform X1 [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
cmy00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
cmy00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
cmy00230  Purine metabolism
cmy00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
cmy00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
cmy00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
cmy00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
cmy00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
cmy00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
cmy00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
cmy00620  Pyruvate metabolism
cmy00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
cmy00640  Propanoate metabolism
cmy00860  Porphyrin metabolism
cmy00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
LinkDB

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