KEGG PATHWAY: mmyo00270

PATHWAY: mmyo00270

Entry

mmyo00270                   Pathway

Name

Cysteine and methionine metabolism - Myotis myotis (greater mouse-eared bat)

Description

Cysteine and methionine are sulfur-containing amino acids. Cysteine is synthesized from serine through different pathways in different organism groups. In bacteria and plants, cysteine is converted from serine (via acetylserine) by transfer of hydrogen sulfide [MD:M00021]. In animals, methionine-derived homocysteine is used as sulfur source and its condensation product with serine (cystathionine) is converted to cysteine [MD:M00338]. Cysteine is metabolized to pyruvate in multiple routes. Methionine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, methionine is synthesized from aspartate [MD:M00017]. S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM), synthesized from methionine and ATP, is a methyl group donor in many important transfer reactions including DNA methylation for regulation of gene expression. SAM may also be used to regenerate methionine in the methionine salvage pathway [MD:M00034].

Class

Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism

Pathway map

mmyo00270

Cysteine and methionine metabolism

Module

mmyo_M00034

Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:mmyo00270]

mmyo_M00035

Methionine degradation [PATH:mmyo00270]

mmyo_M00338

Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:mmyo00270]

Other DBs

GO:	0006534 0006555

Organism

Myotis myotis (greater mouse-eared bat) [GN:mmyo]

Gene

118676998

CTH; cystathionine gamma-lyase [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]

118666988

KYAT1; kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K00816] [EC:2.6.1.7 4.4.1.13 2.6.1.64]

118676933

KYAT3; kynurenine--oxoglutarate transaminase 3 [KO:K00816] [EC:2.6.1.7 4.4.1.13 2.6.1.64]

118676860

CBS; cystathionine beta-synthase isoform X1 [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]

118656687

BHMT; betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]

118656693

BHMT2; S-methylmethionine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase BHMT2 [KO:K00547] [EC:2.1.1.10]

118678801

MTR; methionine synthase isoform X1 [KO:K00548] [EC:2.1.1.13]

118658324

MAT2B; methionine adenosyltransferase 2 subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]

118668789

MAT2A; S-adenosylmethionine synthase [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]

118670200

MAT1A; S-adenosylmethionine synthase [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]

118660713

AMD1; S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]

118654560

LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme 1-like [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]

118676192

SRM; spermidine synthase isoform X1 [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]

118653959

SMS; spermine synthase isoform X1 [KO:K00802] [EC:2.5.1.22]

118677002

spermine synthase-like [KO:K00802] [EC:2.5.1.22]

118667587

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine phosphorylase [KO:K00772] [EC:2.4.2.28]

118650770

LACC1; purine nucleoside phosphorylase LACC1 isoform X1 [KO:K05810] [EC:2.4.2.1 2.4.2.28 3.5.4.4]

118676361

LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: purine nucleoside phosphorylase LACC1-like [KO:K05810] [EC:2.4.2.1 2.4.2.28 3.5.4.4]

118652714

MRI1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: methylthioribose-1-phosphate isomerase [KO:K08963] [EC:5.3.1.23]

118665145

methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase [KO:K08964] [EC:4.2.1.109]

118670613

ENOPH1; enolase-phosphatase E1 isoform X1 [KO:K09880] [EC:3.1.3.77]

118669319

ADI1; 1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentene dioxygenase [KO:K08967] [EC:1.13.11.53 1.13.11.54]

118674243

TAT; tyrosine aminotransferase [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]

118655360

IL4I1; L-amino-acid oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K03334] [EC:1.4.3.2]

118675115

L-amino-acid oxidase-like [KO:K03334] [EC:1.4.3.2]

118660030

GNMT; glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]

118658296

DNMT1; DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]

118669217

DNMT3A; DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A isoform X1 [KO:K17398] [EC:2.1.1.37]

118654594

LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A-like [KO:K17398] [EC:2.1.1.37]

118663372

DNMT3B; DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3B isoform X1 [KO:K17399] [EC:2.1.1.37]

118666419

AHCYL2; adenosylhomocysteinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]

118673385

AHCYL1; S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]

118663274

AHCY; adenosylhomocysteinase isoform X1 [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]

118651655

BCAT1; branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, cytosolic isoform X1 [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]

118655407

BCAT2; branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]

118656733

AGXT2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]

118659839

GCLC; glutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit isoform X1 [KO:K11204] [EC:6.3.2.2]

118675461

GCLM; glutamate--cysteine ligase regulatory subunit isoform X1 [KO:K11205]

118663750

GSS; glutathione synthetase isoform X1 [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]

118656665

CDO1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cysteine dioxygenase type 1 [KO:K00456] [EC:1.13.11.20]

118649561

GOT1L1; putative aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K14454] [EC:2.6.1.1]

118669872

GOT1; aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic isoform X1 [KO:K14454] [EC:2.6.1.1]

118674317

GOT2; aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K14455] [EC:2.6.1.1]

118651045

TST; thiosulfate sulfurtransferase isoform X1 [KO:K01011] [EC:2.8.1.1 2.8.1.2]

118651046

MPST; 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase isoform X1 [KO:K01011] [EC:2.8.1.1 2.8.1.2]

118651383

LDHB; L-lactate dehydrogenase B chain isoform X1 [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]

118660096

LDHAL6B; L-lactate dehydrogenase A-like 6B [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]

118664257

L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain-like [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]

118664901

LDHA; L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain isoform X1 [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]

118664903

L-lactate dehydrogenase C chain [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]

118668948

MDH1; malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic [KO:K00025] [EC:1.1.1.37]

118656408

MDH2; malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]

118678403

SDS; L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]

118678570

SDSL; serine dehydratase-like isoform X1 [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]

118652694

LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]

118672830

PHGDH; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase isoform X1 [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]

118667434

PSAT1; phosphoserine aminotransferase isoform X1 [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]

Compound

C00019

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine

C00021

S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine

C00022

Pyruvate

C00041

L-Alanine

C00049

L-Aspartate

C00051

Glutathione

C00059

Sulfate

C00065

L-Serine

C00073

L-Methionine

C00094

Sulfite

C00097

L-Cysteine

C00109

2-Oxobutanoate

C00155

L-Homocysteine

C00170

5'-Methylthioadenosine

C00197

3-Phospho-D-glycerate

C00263

L-Homoserine

C00283

Hydrogen sulfide

C00409

Methanethiol

C00441

L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde

C00491

L-Cystine

C00506

L-Cysteate

C00606

3-Sulfino-L-alanine

C00793

D-Cysteine

C00957

Mercaptopyruvate

C00979

O-Acetyl-L-serine

C01005

O-Phospho-L-serine

C01077

O-Acetyl-L-homoserine

C01102

O-Phospho-L-homoserine

C01118

O-Succinyl-L-homoserine

C01137

S-Adenosylmethioninamine

C01180

4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid

C01234

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate

C01817

L-Homocystine

C01962

Thiocysteine

C02218

Dehydroalanine

C02291

L-Cystathionine

C02356

(S)-2-Aminobutanoate

C02989

L-Methionine S-oxide

C03082

4-Phospho-L-aspartate

C03089

5-Methylthio-D-ribose

C03145

N-Formylmethionine

C03232

3-Phosphonooxypyruvate

C03431

S-Inosyl-L-homocysteine

C03539

S-Ribosyl-L-homocysteine

C04188

S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribose 1-phosphate

C04582

S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribulose 1-phosphate

C05324

Nicotianamine

C05524

Aminoacyl-L-methionine

C05526

S-Glutathionyl-L-cysteine

C05527

3-Sulfinylpyruvate

C05528

3-Sulfopyruvate

C05823

3-Mercaptolactate

C05824

S-Sulfo-L-cysteine

C06547

Ethylene

C08276

3-(Methylthio)propanoate

C09306

Sulfur dioxide

C11437

1-Deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

C11481

HSO3-

C11499

(S)-3-Sulfolactate

C11537

(2R)-3-Sulfolactate

C15606

1,2-Dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one

C15650

2,3-Diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate

C15651

2-Hydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate

C18049

N-Acyl-L-homoserine lactone

C19787

5'-S-Methyl-5'-thioinosine

C21015

gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-2-aminobutyrate

C21016

Ophthalmate

C22359

S-Methyl-1-thio-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

Reference

PMID:15102328

Authors

Sekowska A, Denervaud V, Ashida H, Michoud K, Haas D, Yokota A, Danchin A

Title

Bacterial variations on the methionine salvage pathway.

Journal

BMC Microbiol 4:9 (2004)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-4-9

Reference

PMID:14551435

Authors

Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Kobayashi K, Ogasawara N, Yokota A.

Title

A functional link between RuBisCO-like protein of Bacillus and photosynthetic RuBisCO.

Journal

Science 302:286-90 (2003)
DOI:10.1126/science.1086997

Reference

PMID:12022921

Authors

Sekowska A, Danchin A.

Title

The methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.

Journal

BMC Microbiol 2:8 (2002)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-2-8

Reference

PMID:12670965

Authors

Berger BJ, English S, Chan G, Knodel MH.

Title

Methionine regeneration and aminotransferases in Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus anthracis.

Journal

J Bacteriol 185:2418-31 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.8.2418-2431.2003

Reference

PMID:17169919

Authors

Goyer A, Collakova E, Shachar-Hill Y, Hanson AD

Title

Functional characterization of a methionine gamma-lyase in Arabidopsis and its implication in an alternative to the reverse trans-sulfuration pathway.

Journal

Plant Cell Physiol 48:232-42 (2007)
DOI:10.1093/pcp/pcl055

Reference

PMID:17030798

Authors

Rebeille F, Jabrin S, Bligny R, Loizeau K, Gambonnet B, Van Wilder V, Douce R, Ravanel S

Title

Methionine catabolism in Arabidopsis cells is initiated by a gamma-cleavage process and leads to S-methylcysteine and isoleucine syntheses.

Journal

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:15687-92 (2006)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0606195103

Reference

PMID:18625006

Authors

Pirkov I, Norbeck J, Gustafsson L, Albers E

Title

A complete inventory of all enzymes in the eukaryotic methionine salvage pathway.

Journal

FEBS J 275:4111-20 (2008)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06552.x

Reference

PMID:18391471

Authors

Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Yokota A

Title

Enzymatic characterization of 5-methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase of the methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.

Journal

Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 72:959-67 (2008)
DOI:10.1271/bbb.70651

Reference

PMID:10613873

Authors

Kitabatake M, So MW, Tumbula DL, Soll D

Title

Cysteine biosynthesis pathway in the archaeon Methanosarcina barkeri encoded by acquired bacterial genes?

Journal

J Bacteriol 182:143-5 (2000)
DOI:10.1128/JB.182.1.143-145.2000

Reference

PMID:12644499

Authors

Mino K, Ishikawa K

Title

Characterization of a novel thermostable O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase from Aeropyrum pernix K1.

Journal

J Bacteriol 185:2277-84 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.7.2277-2284.2003

Reference

PMID:18520135

Authors

Tanabe S

Title

Development of assay methods for endogenous inorganic sulfur compounds and sulfurtransferases and evaluation of the physiological functions of bound sulfur.

Journal

Yakugaku Zasshi 128:881-900 (2008)
DOI:10.1248/yakushi.128.881

Reference

Authors

Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).

Title

[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)

Journal

Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)

Reference

PMID:19270684

Authors