KEGG   PATHWAY: pgig04727
Entry
pgig04727                   Pathway                                
Name
GABAergic synapse - Pteropus giganteus (Indian flying fox)
Description
Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). When released in the synaptic cleft, GABA binds to three major classes of receptors: GABAA, GABAB, and GABAC receptors. GABAA and GABAC receptors are ionotropic and mediate fast GABA responses by triggering chloride channel openings, while GABAB receptors are metabotropic and mediate slower GABA responses by activating G-proteins and influencing second messenger systems. GABAA receptors, the major sites for fast inhibitory neurotransmission in the CNS, are regulated by phosphorylation mechanisms, affecting both their functional properties and their cell surface mobility and trafficking. GABA release by the presynaptic terminal is negatively regulated by GABAB autoreceptors, and is cleared from the extracellular space by GABA transporters (GATs) located either on the presynaptic terminal or neighboring glial cells.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
pgig04727  GABAergic synapse
pgig04727

Other DBs
GO: 0051932
Organism
Pteropus giganteus (Indian flying fox) [GN:pgig]
Gene
120618244  SLC38A1; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K14990]
120618242  SLC38A2; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K14207]
120604906  GLS2; glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
120587474  GLS; glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
120614689  GAD2; glutamate decarboxylase 2 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
120597210  GAD1; glutamate decarboxylase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
120603327  SLC32A1; vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter [KO:K15015]
120620369  ABAT; 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K13524] [EC:2.6.1.19 2.6.1.22]
120613444  GABRA1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05175]
120614387  GABRA6; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 [KO:K05175]
120595309  GABRA5; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 [KO:K05175]
120588026  GABRA2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 [KO:K05175]
120588027  GABRA4; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05175]
120611496  GABRA3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 [KO:K05175]
120614382  GABRB2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05181]
120595319  GABRB3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 [KO:K05181]
120588030  GABRB1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05181]
120614396  GABRG2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05186]
120595340  GABRG3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 [KO:K05186]
120588363  GABRG1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05186]
120614129  GABRD; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta [KO:K05184]
120611497  GABRE; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon [KO:K05185]
120614232  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta-like [KO:K05192]
120614810  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi isoform X1 [KO:K05189]
120583269  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
120618485  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
120603636  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
120600384  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
120584534  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
120616484  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
120611281  HAP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: huntingtin-associated protein 1 [KO:K04647]
120617357  GABARAPL2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08341]
120589638  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]
120611722  GABARAPL1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08341]
120589262  NSF; vesicle-fusing ATPase [KO:K06027] [EC:3.6.4.6]
120587531  TRAK2; trafficking kinesin-binding protein 2 [KO:K15374]
120587505  PLCL1; inactive phospholipase C-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K15375]
120612755  GPHN; gephyrin isoform X1 [KO:K15376] [EC:2.10.1.1 2.7.7.75]
120603744  SLC12A5; solute carrier family 12 member 5 [KO:K23967]
120615923  GABRR3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3 [KO:K05190]
120594948  GABRR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05190]
120594952  GABRR1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1 [KO:K05190]
120618508  CACNA1A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A [KO:K04344]
120599733  CACNA1B; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B [KO:K04849]
120607351  CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850]
120606299  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851]
120587067  CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F isoform X1 [KO:K04853]
120619319  CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857]
120593395  GABBR1; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04615]
120597296  GABBR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04615]
120591507  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
120582379  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
120584991  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-3 [KO:K04630]
120617299  GNAO1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha [KO:K04534]
120614112  GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536]
120591822  GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537]
120611665  GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825]
120597058  GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538]
120623087  GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 isoform X1 [KO:K04539]
120604431  GNG2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07826]
120600851  GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04540]
120592628  GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541]
120583739  GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 isoform X1 [KO:K04543]
120617888  GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 [KO:K04544]
120608754  GNG10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545]
120615015  GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546]
120583204  GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347]
120618548  GNG14; putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 [KO:K04347]
120615017  GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 isoform X1 [KO:K04548]
120611274  GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549]
120589581  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
120586284  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
120621545  ADCY3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate cyclase type 3 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
120608523  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
120586714  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
120618216  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 isoform X1 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
120617254  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
120588721  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
120620331  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
120598693  KCNJ6; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2 [KO:K05000]
120621460  SLC6A1; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1 [KO:K05034]
120607338  SLC6A13; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05046]
120621459  SLC6A11; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3 [KO:K05044]
120607337  SLC6A12; sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter isoform X1 [KO:K05045]
120617588  GLUL; glutamine synthetase [KO:K01915] [EC:6.3.1.2]
120582378  SLC38A3; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 3 [KO:K13576]
120587096  SLC38A5; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 5 isoform X1 [KO:K14992]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00026  2-Oxoglutarate
C00042  Succinate
C00064  L-Glutamine
C00076  Calcium cation
C00238  Potassium cation
C00334  4-Aminobutanoate
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00698  Cl-
Reference
  Authors
Davis KL, Charney D, Coyle JT, Nemeroff C (ed).
  Title
Neuropsychopharmacology: The fifth generation of progress
  Journal
Lippincott Williams & Wikins (2002)
DOI:10.1002/hup.431
Reference
PMID:17499109
  Authors
Farrant M, Kaila K
  Title
The cellular, molecular and ionic basis of GABA(A) receptor signalling.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:59-87 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60005-8
Reference
PMID:9364667
  Authors
Ben-Ari Y, Khazipov R, Leinekugel X, Caillard O, Gaiarsa JL
  Title
GABAA, NMDA and AMPA receptors: a developmentally regulated 'menage a trois'.
  Journal
Trends Neurosci 20:523-9 (1997)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-2236(97)01147-8
Reference
PMID:20655485
  Authors
Pinard A, Seddik R, Bettler B
  Title
GABAB receptors: physiological functions and mechanisms of diversity.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:231-55 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58010-4
Reference
PMID:21376567
  Authors
Chalifoux JR, Carter AG
  Title
GABAB receptor modulation of synaptic function.
  Journal
Curr Opin Neurobiol 21:339-44 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.conb.2011.02.004
Reference
PMID:20655481
  Authors
Padgett CL, Slesinger PA
  Title
GABAB receptor coupling to G-proteins and ion channels.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:123-47 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58006-2
Reference
PMID:17499108
  Authors
Emson PC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors: structure and function.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:43-57 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60004-6
Reference
PMID:16932937
  Authors
Kornau HC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors and synaptic modulation.
  Journal
Cell Tissue Res 326:517-33 (2006)
DOI:10.1007/s00441-006-0264-7
Reference
PMID:18382465
  Authors
Jacob TC, Moss SJ, Jurd R
  Title
GABA(A) receptor trafficking and its role in the dynamic modulation of neuronal inhibition.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 9:331-43 (2008)
DOI:10.1038/nrn2370
Reference
PMID:12086709
  Authors
Kneussel M
  Title
Dynamic regulation of GABA(A) receptors at synaptic sites.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 39:74-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0165-0173(02)00159-5
Reference
PMID:21555068
  Authors
Luscher B, Fuchs T, Kilpatrick CL
  Title
GABAA receptor trafficking-mediated plasticity of inhibitory synapses.
  Journal
Neuron 70:385-409 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.03.024
Reference
PMID:19374920
  Authors
Arancibia-Carcamo IL, Kittler JT
  Title
Regulation of GABA(A) receptor membrane trafficking and synaptic localization.
  Journal
Pharmacol Ther 123:17-31 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.03.012
Reference
PMID:16787421
  Authors
Bak LK, Schousboe A, Waagepetersen HS
  Title
The glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle: aspects of transport, neurotransmitter homeostasis and ammonia transfer.
  Journal
J Neurochem 98:641-53 (2006)
DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03913.x
Reference
PMID:15210304
  Authors
Conti F, Minelli A, Melone M
  Title
GABA transporters in the mammalian cerebral cortex: localization, development and pathological implications.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 45:196-212 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.03.003
Reference
PMID:12888801
  Authors
Brambilla P, Perez J, Barale F, Schettini G, Soares JC
  Title
GABAergic dysfunction in mood disorders.
  Journal
Mol Psychiatry 8:721-37, 715 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/sj.mp.4001362
Reference
PMID:10780899
  Authors
Chebib M, Johnston GA
  Title
GABA-Activated ligand gated ion channels: medicinal chemistry and molecular biology.
  Journal
J Med Chem 43:1427-47 (2000)
DOI:10.1021/jm9904349
Related
pathway
pgig00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
pgig00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
pgig04144  Endocytosis
pgig04721  Synaptic vesicle cycle
KO pathway
ko04727   
LinkDB

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