Entry
Name
Allograft rejection - Trichechus manatus latirostris (Florida manatee)
Description
Allograft rejection is the consequence of the recipient's alloimmune response to nonself antigens expressed by donor tissues. After transplantation of organ allografts, there are two pathways of antigen presentation. In the direct pathway, recipient T cells react to intact allogeneic MHC molecules expressed on the surface of donor cells. This pathway would activate host CD4 or CD8 T cells. In contrast, donor MHC molecules (and all other proteins) shed from the graft can be taken up by host APCs and presented to recipient T cells in the context of self-MHC molecules - the indirect pathway. Such presentation activates predominantly CD4 T cells. A direct cytotoxic T-cell attack on graft cells can be made only by T cells that recognize the graft MHC molecules directly. Nontheless, T cells with indirect allospecificity can contribute to graft rejection by activating macrophages, which cause tissue injury and fibrosis, and are also likely to be important in the development of an alloantibody response to graft.
Class
Human Diseases; Immune disease
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Organism
Trichechus manatus latirostris (Florida manatee) [GN:
tmu ]
Gene
101359320 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A-80 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
101345748 H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, Q10 alpha chain-like isoform X3 [KO:K06751 ]
101346884 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A-80 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
101347138 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-40 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
101345854 class I histocompatibility antigen, Gogo-B*0101 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
101350180 patr class I histocompatibility antigen, B-1 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
101346109 class I histocompatibility antigen, Gogo-B*0102 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
101346365 class I histocompatibility antigen, Gogo-B*0103 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
101340887 saoe class I histocompatibility antigen, A alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
101349740 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, Cw-12 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
101361451 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: uncharacterized protein LOC101361451 [KO:K10785 ]
101344408 tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 isoform X1 [KO:K04389 ]
101346704 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 isoform X1 [KO:K04390 ]
101343312 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM alpha chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752 ]
101343065 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO alpha chain [KO:K06752 ]
101344101 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: boLa class II histocompatibility antigen, DQB*0101 beta chain-like [KO:K06752 ]
101345015 boLa class II histocompatibility antigen, DQB*0101 beta chain-like [KO:K06752 ]
101361245 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: DLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR-1 beta chain-like [KO:K06752 ]
101342567 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP beta 1 chain [KO:K06752 ]
101342817 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP alpha 1 chain isoform X2 [KO:K06752 ]
101342571 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP beta 1 chain-like [KO:K06752 ]
101343573 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain [KO:K06752 ]
101345267 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 2 chain-like [KO:K06752 ]
101345522 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain [KO:K06752 ]
101348755 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP alpha 1 chain-like [KO:K06752 ]
101345594 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5 isoform X2 [KO:K03160 ]
111820845 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: uncharacterized protein LOC111820845 [KO:K06856 ]
Compound
Reference
Authors
Arakelov A, Lakkis FG.
Title
The alloimmune response and effector mechanisms of allograft rejection.
Journal
Semin Nephrol 20:95-102 (2000)
Reference
Authors
Le Moine A, Goldman M, Abramowicz D.
Title
Multiple pathways to allograft rejection.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Trivedi HL.
Title
Immunobiology of rejection and adaptation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pietra BA.
Title
Transplantation immunology 2003: simplified approach.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Oka T, Yoshimura N.
Title
Immunosuppression in organ transplantation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sayegh MH.
Title
Why do we reject a graft? Role of indirect allorecognition in graft rejection.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Benichou G.
Title
Direct and indirect antigen recognition: the pathways to allograft immune rejection.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Turvey SE, Wood KJ.
Title
Immunobiology of solid organ transplantation.
Journal
Int Surg 84:279-90 (1999)
Reference
Authors
Janeway CA, Travers P, Walport M, Shlomchik MJ.
Title
Immunobiology 6th edition
Journal
Garland Science Publishing (2005)
Reference
Authors
Game DS, Lechler RI.
Title
Pathways of allorecognition: implications for transplantation tolerance.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lechler RI, Garden OA, Turka LA.
Title
The complementary roles of deletion and regulation in transplantation tolerance.
Journal
Related pathway
tmu04610 Complement and coagulation cascades
tmu04612 Antigen processing and presentation
tmu04660 T cell receptor signaling pathway
tmu04662 B cell receptor signaling pathway
KO pathway
LinkDB
All DBs