KEGG   PATHWAY: rfq04260
Entry
rfq04260                    Pathway                                
Name
Cardiac muscle contraction - Rhinolophus ferrumequinum (greater horseshoe bat)
Description
Contraction of the heart is a complex process initiated by the electrical excitation of cardiac myocytes (excitation-contraction coupling, ECC). In cardiac myocytes, Ca2+ influx induced by activation of voltage-dependent L-type Ca channels (DHP receptors) upon membrane depolarization triggers the release of Ca2+ via Ca2+ release channels (ryanodine receptors) of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) through a Ca2+ -induced Ca release (CICR) mechanism. Ca2+ ions released via the CICR mechanism diffuse through the cytosolic space to contractile proteins to bind to troponinC resulting in the release of inhibition induced by troponinI. The Ca2+ binding to troponinC thereby triggers the sliding of thin and thick filaments, that is, the activation of a crossbridge and subsequent cardiac force development and/or cell shortening. Recovery occurs as Ca2+ is pumped out of the cell by the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) or is returned to the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) by sarco(endo)plasmic Ca2+ -ATPase (SERCA) pumps on the non-junctional region of the SR.
Class
Organismal Systems; Circulatory system
Pathway map
rfq04260  Cardiac muscle contraction
rfq04260

Other DBs
GO: 0060048
Organism
Rhinolophus ferrumequinum (greater horseshoe bat) [GN:rfq]
Gene
117012429  CACNA2D1; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04858]
117012671  CACNG4; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-4 subunit [KO:K04869]
117012674  MYL4; myosin light chain 4 [KO:K12750]
117012784  CACNG1; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-1 subunit [KO:K04866]
117013064  CACNB1; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04862]
117013218  CACNG5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-5 subunit [KO:K04870]
117013297  ATP2A3; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
117013437  ATP1B2; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2 [KO:K01540]
117013867  [KO:K02270]
117014271  CASQ2; calsequestrin-2 [KO:K23445]
117014324  ATP1A1; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
117014362  [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
117014457  TPM3; tropomyosin alpha-3 chain isoform X1 [KO:K09290]
117014513  [KO:K02266]
117015117  ATP1B1; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1 [KO:K01540]
117016057  [KO:K02263]
117016215  [KO:K02268]
117017112  [KO:K00418]
117017226  [KO:K02266]
117017273  [KO:K00419]
117017295  [KO:K02272]
117017505  [KO:K02271]
117017564  MYL2; myosin regulatory light chain 2, ventricular/cardiac muscle isoform [KO:K10351]
117017773  ATP2A2; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
117018410  TNNT2; troponin T, cardiac muscle isoform X1 [KO:K12045]
117018496  RYR2; ryanodine receptor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04962]
117018578  CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S isoform X1 [KO:K04857]
117018742  [KO:K02268]
117019144  CACNB2; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04863]
117019269  [KO:K02265]
117019428  CACNG3; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-3 subunit [KO:K04868]
117019508  ATP2A1; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
117019626  [KO:K00415]
117019821  [KO:K02266]
117020379  [KO:K02264]
117020507  [KO:K23449]
117020508  [KO:K23449]
117020688  [KO:K02272]
117020750  [KO:K02270]
117021499  [KO:K02265]
117022190  SLC9A7; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: sodium/hydrogen exchanger 7 [KO:K12041]
117022352  [KO:K02268]
117022452  [KO:K02271]
117022948  MYH6; myosin-6 [KO:K17751]
117022949  MYH7; myosin-7 [KO:K17751]
117023033  CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F isoform X1 [KO:K04853]
117023071  [KO:K02272]
117023466  SLC8A3; sodium/calcium exchanger 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
117023537  TPM1; tropomyosin alpha-1 chain isoform X1 [KO:K10373]
117023549  [KO:K02264]
117023891  SLC9A6; sodium/hydrogen exchanger 6 isoform X1 [KO:K12041]
117024179  ACTC1; actin, alpha cardiac muscle 1 [KO:K12314]
117025294  [KO:K02272]
117025581  [KO:K00419]
117025637  [KO:K02271]
117025859  CACNB4; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K04865]
117025940  [KO:K02267]
117026708  SLC9A1; sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1 [KO:K05742]
117026818  [KO:K00416]
117027340  [KO:K02272]
117027358  [KO:K00417]
117027440  [KO:K02268]
117028875  CACNA2D4; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-4 [KO:K04861]
117029070  CACNB3; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04864]
117029264  CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850]
117029304  CACNG2; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit [KO:K04867]
117029880  [KO:K02268]
117030151  [KO:K02267]
117030253  [KO:K01538]
117030283  [KO:K02267]
117030626  [KO:K02273]
117032159  TPM2; tropomyosin beta chain isoform X1 [KO:K10374]
117032937  SLC8A1; sodium/calcium exchanger 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
117033425  [KO:K02270]
117033558  [KO:K00417]
117033878  [KO:K00413]
117034001  ASPH; aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylase isoform X1 [KO:K00476] [EC:1.14.11.16]
117034022  [KO:K02272]
117034035  [KO:K02268]
117034340  CACNG6; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-6 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K04871]
117034361  [KO:K02271]
117034406  SLC8A2; sodium/calcium exchanger 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
117034638  [KO:K02263]
117034822  HRC; sarcoplasmic reticulum histidine-rich calcium-binding protein [KO:K23450]
117034844  [KO:K00411] [EC:7.1.1.8]
117034883  TNNI3; troponin I, cardiac muscle isoform X1 [KO:K12044]
117034891  CACNG7; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-7 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K04872]
117034994  [KO:K02267]
117034995  [KO:K02270]
117035060  ATP1A3; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
117035277  [KO:K02267]
117035426  CACNG8; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-8 subunit [KO:K04873]
117035942  ATP1B4; protein ATP1B4 [KO:K01540]
117036644  MYL3; myosin light chain 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12749]
117036785  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851]
117036991  TNNC1; troponin C, slow skeletal and cardiac muscles [KO:K05865]
117037026  CACNA2D3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-3 [KO:K04860]
117037054  CACNA2D2; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04859]
117037164  [KO:K02272]
117037170  ATP1B3; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3 [KO:K01540]
117037269  [KO:K00414]
117037575  [KO:K00420]
117037839  TPM4; tropomyosin alpha-4 chain isoform X1 [KO:K10375]
117038111  [KO:K00419]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
C00080  H+
C00238  Potassium cation
C01330  Sodium cation
Reference
PMID:17988210
  Authors
Bers DM
  Title
Calcium cycling and signaling in cardiac myocytes.
  Journal
Annu Rev Physiol 70:23-49 (2008)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.physiol.70.113006.100455
Reference
PMID:11805843
  Authors
Bers DM
  Title
Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling.
  Journal
Nature 415:198-205 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/415198a
Reference
PMID:16799263
  Authors
Endoh M
  Title
Signal transduction and Ca2+ signaling in intact myocardium.
  Journal
J Pharmacol Sci 100:525-37 (2006)
DOI:10.1254/jphs.CPJ06009X
Reference
PMID:18981594
  Authors
Endoh M
  Title
Cardiac Ca2+ signaling and Ca2+ sensitizers.
  Journal
Circ J 72:1915-25 (2008)
DOI:10.1253/circj.CJ-08-0838
Reference
PMID:16552170
  Authors
Bers DM, Despa S
  Title
Cardiac myocytes Ca2+ and Na+ regulation in normal and failing hearts.
  Journal
J Pharmacol Sci 100:315-22 (2006)
DOI:10.1254/jphs.CPJ06001X
Reference
PMID:10747208
  Authors
Gordon AM, Homsher E, Regnier M
  Title
Regulation of contraction in striated muscle.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 80:853-924 (2000)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.2000.80.2.853
Reference
PMID:16701909
  Authors
Phrommintikul A, Chattipakorn N
  Title
Roles of cardiac ryanodine receptor in heart failure and sudden cardiac death.
  Journal
Int J Cardiol 112:142-52 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2005.11.106
Reference
PMID:16096350
  Authors
Lacinova L
  Title
Voltage-dependent calcium channels.
  Journal
Gen Physiol Biophys 24 Suppl 1:1-78 (2005)
Reference
PMID:12763850
  Authors
Lingrel J, Moseley A, Dostanic I, Cougnon M, He S, James P, Woo A, O'Connor K, Neumann J
  Title
Functional roles of the alpha isoforms of the Na,K-ATPase.
  Journal
Ann N Y Acad Sci 986:354-9 (2003)
DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07214.x
Reference
PMID:11294886
  Authors
Berg JS, Powell BC, Cheney RE
  Title
A millennial myosin census.
  Journal
Mol Biol Cell 12:780-94 (2001)
DOI:10.1091/mbc.12.4.780
Reference
PMID:15736582
  Authors
Parmacek MS, Solaro RJ
  Title
Biology of the troponin complex in cardiac myocytes.
  Journal
Prog Cardiovasc Dis 47:159-76 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.pcad.2004.07.003
Reference
PMID:14659803
  Authors
Yamashita H, Sugiura S, Fujita H, Yasuda S, Nagai R, Saeki Y, Sunagawa K, Sugi H
  Title
Myosin light chain isoforms modify force-generating ability of cardiac myosin by changing the kinetics of actin-myosin interaction.
  Journal
Cardiovasc Res 60:580-8 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/j.cardiores.2003.09.011
Reference
PMID:19403607
  Authors
Pritchard TJ, Kranias EG
  Title
Junctin and the histidine-rich Ca2+ binding protein: potential roles in heart failure and arrhythmogenesis.
  Journal
J Physiol 587:3125-33 (2009)
DOI:10.1113/jphysiol.2009.172171
Reference
PMID:28596175
  Authors
Landstrom AP, Dobrev D, Wehrens XHT
  Title
Calcium Signaling and Cardiac Arrhythmias.
  Journal
Circ Res 120:1969-1993 (2017)
DOI:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.310083
Related
pathway
rfq04020  Calcium signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04260   

DBGET integrated database retrieval system