KEGG   PATHWAY: sfd00260
Entry
sfd00260                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Sinorhizobium fredii USDA 257
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
sfd00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
sfd00260

Module
sfd_M00018  Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:sfd00260]
sfd_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:sfd00260]
sfd_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:sfd00260]
sfd_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:sfd00260]
sfd_M00919  Ectoine degradation, ectoine => aspartate [PATH:sfd00260]
sfd_M00975  Betaine degradation, bacteria, betaine => pyruvate [PATH:sfd00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Sinorhizobium fredii USDA 257 [GN:sfd]
Gene
USDA257_c02170  tdcB1; threonine dehydratase catabolic [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
USDA257_c05850  antA; anthranilate 1,2-dioxygenase large subunit [KO:K00479] [EC:1.14.13.251]
USDA257_c05860  hcr1; NADH oxidoreductase Hcr [KO:K21832] [EC:1.14.13.251]
USDA257_c06320  thrB; homoserine kinase ThrB [KO:K02204] [EC:2.7.1.39]
USDA257_c06400  thrC; threonine synthase ThrC [KO:K01733] [EC:4.2.3.1]
USDA257_c06730  betA; choline dehydrogenase BetA [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
USDA257_c06740  betB; betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase BetB [KO:K00130] [EC:1.2.1.8]
USDA257_c08470  pssA; CDP-diacylglycerol--serine O-phosphatidyltransferase PssA [KO:K17103] [EC:2.7.8.8]
USDA257_c09310  glyA; pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent serine hydroxymethyltransferase [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
USDA257_c12960  serA1; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase SerA [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
USDA257_c15080  ttuD1; putative hydroxypyruvate reductase TtuD [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
USDA257_c17210  serA2; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase SerA [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
USDA257_c17870  psdht; phenylserine dehydratase [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
USDA257_c18870  lpdA1; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase LpdA [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
USDA257_c20700  pucG; purine catabolism protein PucG [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
USDA257_c22040  sgaA2; serine--glyoxylate aminotransferase SgaA [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
USDA257_c24040  [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
USDA257_c24430  dhaS3; putative aldehyde dehydrogenase DhaS [KO:K00130] [EC:1.2.1.8]
USDA257_c25880  gbsA; betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase GbsA [KO:K00130] [EC:1.2.1.8]
USDA257_c26160  hcr2; NADH oxidoreductase Hcr [KO:K21832] [EC:1.14.13.251]
USDA257_c26170  yeaW; putative dioxygenase subunit alpha YeaW [KO:K00479] [EC:1.14.13.251]
USDA257_c30050  ghrA1; glyoxylate/hydroxypyruvate reductase A [KO:K12972] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
USDA257_c31270  [KO:K15785] [EC:2.6.1.76]
USDA257_c31280  gabD6; succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [NADP+] GabD [KO:K15786] [EC:1.2.1.-]
USDA257_c31370  [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
USDA257_c31390  [KO:K15783] [EC:3.5.4.44]
USDA257_c31400  [KO:K15784] [EC:3.5.1.125]
USDA257_c31420  lpd3; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 3 [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
USDA257_c34430  sdaA; L-serine dehydratase SdaA [KO:K01752] [EC:4.3.1.17]
USDA257_c34860  lpdA2; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase LpdA [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
USDA257_c35960  hom; homoserine dehydrogenase Hom [KO:K00003] [EC:1.1.1.3]
USDA257_c37030  ilvA; threonine dehydratase biosynthetic [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
USDA257_c38070  gcvP; glycine dehydrogenase [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
USDA257_c38080  gcvH; glycine cleavage system H protein GcvH [KO:K02437]
USDA257_c38090  gcvT3; aminomethyltransferase GcvT [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
USDA257_c44380  [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
USDA257_c45740  gcvT5; aminomethyltransferase GcvT [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
USDA257_c46420  tdh4; L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase Tdh [KO:K00060] [EC:1.1.1.103]
USDA257_c46430  kbl; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase Kbl [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
USDA257_c50200  lysC; aspartokinase LysC [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
USDA257_c51900  serA4; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase SerA [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
USDA257_c51910  serC; phosphoserine aminotransferase SerC [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
USDA257_c52830  ltaE; Low specificity L-threonine aldolase LtaE [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
USDA257_c53190  soxG; sarcosine oxidase, gamma subunit [KO:K00305] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
USDA257_c53200  soxA; sarcosine oxidase subunit alpha [KO:K00302] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
USDA257_c53210  soxD; sarcosine oxidase, delta subunit [KO:K00304] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
USDA257_c53220  soxB; sarcosine oxidase subunit beta [KO:K00303] [EC:1.5.3.24 1.5.3.1]
USDA257_c54080  lpdV; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase LpdV [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
USDA257_c55130  hemA1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase HemA [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
USDA257_c55720  lpd; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase Lpd [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
USDA257_c56620  hemA2; 5-aminolevulinate synthase HemA [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
USDA257_c58080  ttuD2; putative hydroxypyruvate reductase TtuD [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
USDA257_c58300  asd; aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase Asd [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]
USDA257_c58450  ectC; L-ectoine synthase EctC [KO:K06720] [EC:4.2.1.108]
USDA257_c58900  trpB; tryptophan synthase beta chain [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
USDA257_c58910  trpA; tryptophan synthase alpha chain [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
USDA257_c59790  ghrA2; glyoxylate/hydroxypyruvate reductase A [KO:K12972] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
USDA257_c59890  gpmA; 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
sfd00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
sfd00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
sfd00230  Purine metabolism
sfd00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
sfd00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
sfd00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
sfd00300  Lysine biosynthesis
sfd00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
sfd00460  Cyanoamino acid metabolism
sfd00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
sfd00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
sfd00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
sfd00620  Pyruvate metabolism
sfd00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
sfd00640  Propanoate metabolism
sfd00680  Methane metabolism
sfd00860  Porphyrin metabolism
sfd00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   

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