Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder that results primarily from the death of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Both environmental factors and mutations in familial PD-linked genes such as SNCA, Parkin, DJ-1, PINK1 and LRRK2 are associated with PD pathogenesis. These pathogenic mutations and environmental factors are known to cause disease due to oxidative stress, intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis impairment, mitochondrial dysfunctions and altered protein handling compromising key roles of DA neuronal function and survival. The demise of DA neurons located in the SNc leads to a drop in the dopaminergic input to the striatum, which is hypothesized to impede movement by inducing hypo and hyper activity in striatal spiny projection neurons (SPNs) of the direct (dSPNs) and indirect (iSPNs) pathways in the basal ganglia, respectively.
Category
Neurodegenerative disease
Brite
Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
08 Diseases of the nervous system
Movement disorders
8A00 Parkinsonism
H00057 Parkinson disease
Pathway-based classification of diseases [BR:br08402]
Amino acid metabolism
nt06028 Dopamine and serotonin metabolism
H00057 Parkinson disease
Cellular process
nt06534 Unfolded protein response
H00057 Parkinson disease
nt06536 Mitophagy
H00057 Parkinson disease
nt06535 Efferocytosis
H00057 Parkinson disease
Funayama M, Ohe K, Amo T, Furuya N, Yamaguchi J, Saiki S, Li Y, Ogaki K, Ando M, Yoshino H, Tomiyama H, Nishioka K, Hasegawa K, Saiki H, Satake W, Mogushi K, Sasaki R, Kokubo Y, Kuzuhara S, Toda T, Mizuno Y, Uchiyama Y, Ohno K, Hattori N
Title
CHCHD2 mutations in autosomal dominant late-onset Parkinson's disease: a genome-wide linkage and sequencing study.
Lesage S, Drouet V, Majounie E, Deramecourt V, Jacoupy M, Nicolas A, Cormier-Dequaire F, Hassoun SM, Pujol C, Ciura S, Erpapazoglou Z, Usenko T, Maurage CA, Sahbatou M, Liebau S, Ding J, Bilgic B, Emre M, Erginel-Unaltuna N, Guven G, Tison F, Tranchant C, Vidailhet M, Corvol JC, Krack P, Leutenegger AL, Nalls MA, Hernandez DG, Heutink P, Gibbs JR, Hardy J, Wood NW, Gasser T, Durr A, Deleuze JF, Tazir M, Destee A, Lohmann E, Kabashi E, Singleton A, Corti O, Brice A
Title
Loss of VPS13C Function in Autosomal-Recessive Parkinsonism Causes Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Increases PINK1/Parkin-Dependent Mitophagy.
Oji Y, Hatano T, Ueno SI, Funayama M, Ishikawa KI, Okuzumi A, Noda S, Sato S, Satake W, Toda T, Li Y, Hino-Takai T, Kakuta S, Tsunemi T, Yoshino H, Nishioka K, Hattori T, Mizutani Y, Mutoh T, Yokochi F, Ichinose Y, Koh K, Shindo K, Takiyama Y, Hamaguchi T, Yamada M, Farrer MJ, Uchiyama Y, Akamatsu W, Wu YR, Matsuda J, Hattori N
Title
Variants in saposin D domain of prosaposin gene linked to Parkinson's disease.
Parkinsonian syndromes (PS) are multisystemic diseases that produce not only motor and cognitive function impairment, but also other disorders that require the intervention of specialists other than the neurologist. PS include idiopathic Parkinson disease (PD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), multiple system atrophy (MSA), corticobasal degeneration (CBD), and vascular Parkinsonism (VaP), among other rarer causes of parkinsonism. Point mutations, duplications and triplications in the alpha-synuclein gene cause a rare dominant form of PS in families. Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene have been identified as a much more common cause for dominant PS, especially in certain ethnic groups, while mutations in the parkin gene, in DJ-1, PINK1 and ATP13A2 cause autosomal recessive parkinsonism of early onset.
Category
Neurodegenerative disease
Brite
Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
08 Diseases of the nervous system
Movement disorders
8A00 Parkinsonism
H01600 Parkinsonian syndrome
Pathway-based classification of diseases [BR:br08402]
Cellular process
nt06536 Mitophagy
H01600 Parkinsonian syndrome
Quadri M, Fang M, Picillo M, Olgiati S, Breedveld GJ, Graafland J, Wu B, Xu F, Erro R, Amboni M, Pappata S, Quarantelli M, Annesi G, Quattrone A, Chien HF, Barbosa ER, Oostra BA, Barone P, Wang J, Bonifati V
Title
Mutation in the SYNJ1 gene associated with autosomal recessive, early-onset Parkinsonism.
Lesage S, Drouet V, Majounie E, Deramecourt V, Jacoupy M, Nicolas A, Cormier-Dequaire F, Hassoun SM, Pujol C, Ciura S, Erpapazoglou Z, Usenko T, Maurage CA, Sahbatou M, Liebau S, Ding J, Bilgic B, Emre M, Erginel-Unaltuna N, Guven G, Tison F, Tranchant C, Vidailhet M, Corvol JC, Krack P, Leutenegger AL, Nalls MA, Hernandez DG, Heutink P, Gibbs JR, Hardy J, Wood NW, Gasser T, Durr A, Deleuze JF, Tazir M, Destee A, Lohmann E, Kabashi E, Singleton A, Corti O, Brice A
Title
Loss of VPS13C Function in Autosomal-Recessive Parkinsonism Causes Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Increases PINK1/Parkin-Dependent Mitophagy.
