KEGG   PATHWAY: aang00260
Entry
aang00260                   Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Anguilla anguilla (European eel)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
aang00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
aang00260

Module
aang_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:aang00260]
aang_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:aang00260]
aang_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:aang00260]
aang_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:aang00260]
aang_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:aang00260]
aang_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:aang00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Anguilla anguilla (European eel) [GN:aang]
Gene
118217350  tha1; threonine aldolase 1 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
118216481  shmt1; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
118211373  shmt2; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
118229140  agxtb; alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase b [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
118224871  agxta; alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase a isoform X1 [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
118231364  glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase-like isoform X1 [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
118227192  grhprb; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase b [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
118227193  grhpra; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
118207843  glyctk; glycerate kinase isoform X1 [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
118221861  pgam1b; phosphoglycerate mutase 1b [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
118218377  pgam1a; phosphoglycerate mutase 1a [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
118212450  pgam2; phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
118232037  bpgm; bisphosphoglycerate mutase isoform X1 [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
118219313  bisphosphoglycerate mutase-like [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
118223041  phgdh; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
118206243  psat1; phosphoserine aminotransferase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
118235994  psph; phosphoserine phosphatase [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
118216595  gcat; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
118229977  tdh; L-threonine dehydrogenase [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
118224140  tdh2; L-threonine dehydrogenase 2 [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
118211726  alas1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
118207820  alas2; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
118208563  5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
118222203  amine oxidase [flavin-containing]-like [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
118222637  amine oxidase [flavin-containing]-like [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
118213078  si:ch211-127i16.2; probable flavin-containing monoamine oxidase A [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
118214289  amine oxidase [flavin-containing]-like [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
118216913  aoc2; retina-specific copper amine oxidase [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
118212147  glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial-like [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
118206990  gldc; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
118208390  amt; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
118231702  dldh; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
118226907  gcshb; glycine cleavage system protein H (aminomethyl carrier), b [KO:K02437]
118207055  D-amino-acid oxidase-like [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
118213290  agxt2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
118227169  gatm; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
118224621  gamt; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
118208115  chdh; choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
118212077  aldh7a1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
118213304  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1-like [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
118213305  bhmt; betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
118237452  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1-like [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
118213302  dmgdh; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
118209107  pipox; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
118212851  sardh; sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
118215023  gnmt; glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
118223378  cystathionine beta-synthase-like [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
118214485  cystathionine beta-synthase-like isoform X1 [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
118225241  cystathionine gamma-lyase-like [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
118218344  L-threonine ammonia-lyase [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
118222600  sdsl; serine dehydratase-like isoform X1 [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
118237416  L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
118222602  zgc:162816; D-threo-3-hydroxyaspartate dehydratase [KO:K20498] [EC:4.3.1.18]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
aang00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
aang00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
aang00230  Purine metabolism
aang00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
aang00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
aang00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
aang00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
aang00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
aang00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
aang00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
aang00620  Pyruvate metabolism
aang00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
aang00640  Propanoate metabolism
aang00860  Porphyrin metabolism
aang00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
LinkDB

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