Entry Name Renin secretion
Description The aspartyl-protease renin is the key regulator of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which is critically involved in extracellular fluid volume and blood pressure homeostasis of the body. Renin is synthesized, stored in, and released into circulation by the juxtaglomerular (JG) cells of the kidney. Secretion of renin from JG cells at the organ level is controlled by the four main mechanisms: the sympathetic nervous system, the local JG apparatus baroreflex, the macula densa mechanism, and several hormones acting locally within the JG apparatus. Renin secretion at the level of renal JG cells appears to be controlled mainly by classic second messengers, namely cAMP, cGMP, and free cytosolic calcium concentration. While cAMP generally stimulates renin release and the intracellular calcium concentration suppresses the exocytosis of renin, the effects of cGMP in the regulation of the renin system are more complex as it both may stimulate or inhibit renin release.
Class Organismal Systems; Endocrine systemBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Other DBs Orthology K04141 ADRB1; adrenergic receptor beta-1
K04142 ADRB2; adrenergic receptor beta-2
K04143 ADRB3; adrenergic receptor beta-3
K04166 AGTR1; angiotensin II receptor type 1
K04197 EDNRA; endothelin receptor type A
K04259 PTGER2; prostaglandin E receptor 2
K04261 PTGER4; prostaglandin E receptor 4
K04265 ADORA1; adenosine receptor A1
K04348 PPP3C, CNA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
K04587 ADCYAP1R1, PACAPRI; pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor
K04630 GNAI; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha
K04632 GNAS; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha
K04634 GNAQ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha
K04850 CACNA1C, CAV1.2; voltage-dependent calcium channel L type alpha-1C
K04851 CACNA1D, CAV1.3; voltage-dependent calcium channel L type alpha-1D
K04853 CACNA1F, CAV1.4; voltage-dependent calcium channel L type alpha-1F
K04857 CACNA1S, CAV1.1; voltage-dependent calcium channel L type alpha-1S
K04936 KCNMA1, KCA1.1; potassium large conductance calcium-activated channel subfamily M alpha member 1
K04958 ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 1
K04959 ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 2
K04960 ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 3
K04996 KCNJ2, KIR2.1; potassium inwardly-rectifying channel subfamily J member 2
K05027 CLCA1; calcium-activated chloride channel regulator 1
K05028 CLCA2; calcium-activated chloride channel regulator 2
K05030 CLCA3_4; calcium-activated chloride channel regulator 3/4
K05262 ADCYAP; pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide
K05870 CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1
K06268 PPP3R, CNB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B regulatory subunit
K09821 AGT, SERPINA8; angiotensinogen
K12318 GUCY1A; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha [EC:4.6.1.2 ]
K12319 GUCY1B; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta [EC:4.6.1.2 ]
K12323 ANPRA, NPR1; atrial natriuretic peptide receptor A [EC:4.6.1.2 ]
K12334 NPPA; natriuretic peptide A
K13296 PDE3B; cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase B [EC:3.1.4.17 ]
K13755 PDE1; calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase [EC:3.1.4.17 ]
K16056 ORAI1; calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1
K19021 PDE3A; cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase A [EC:3.1.4.17 ]
Compound C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference Authors Kurtz A
Title Renin release: sites, mechanisms, and control.
Journal Reference Authors Schweda F, Friis U, Wagner C, Skott O, Kurtz A
Title Renin release.
Journal Reference Authors Castrop H, Hocherl K, Kurtz A, Schweda F, Todorov V, Wagner C
Title Physiology of kidney renin.
Journal Reference Authors Friis UG, Madsen K, Stubbe J, Hansen PB, Svenningsen P, Bie P, Skott O, Jensen BL
Title Regulation of renin secretion by renal juxtaglomerular cells.
Journal Reference Authors Kim SM, Briggs JP, Schnermann J
Title Convergence of major physiological stimuli for renin release on the Gs-alpha/cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling pathway.
Journal Reference Authors Kurtz A
Title Control of renin synthesis and secretion.
Journal Reference Authors Kurtz A, Wagner C
Title Cellular control of renin secretion.
Journal J Exp Biol 202:219-25 (1999)
Reference Authors Persson PB
Title Renin: origin, secretion and synthesis.
Journal Reference Authors Schweda F, Kurtz A
Title Cellular mechanism of renin release.
Journal Reference Authors Sparks MA, Crowley SD, Gurley SB, Mirotsou M, Coffman TM
Title Classical Renin-Angiotensin system in kidney physiology.
Journal Reference Authors Harrison-Bernard LM
Title The renal renin-angiotensin system.
Journal Reference Authors Schnermann J, Briggs JP
Title Synthesis and secretion of renin in mice with induced genetic mutations.
Journal Reference Authors Ryan MJ, Black TA, Millard SL, Gross KW, Hajduczok G
Title Endothelin-1 increases calcium and attenuates renin gene expression in As4.1 cells.
Journal Reference Authors Hautmann M, Friis UG, Desch M, Todorov V, Castrop H, Segerer F, Otto C, Schutz G, Schweda F
Title Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide stimulates renin secretion via activation of PAC1 receptors.
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