KEGG   PATHWAY: maua04730
Entry
maua04730                   Pathway                                
Name
Long-term depression - Mesocricetus auratus (golden hamster)
Description
Cerebellar long-term depression (LTD), thought to be a molecular and cellular basis for cerebellar learning, is a process involving a decrease in the synaptic strength between parallel fiber (PF) and Purkinje cells (PCs) induced by the conjunctive activation of PFs and climbing fiber (CF). Multiple signal transduction pathways have been shown to be involved in this process. Activation of PFs terminating on spines in dendritic branchlets leads to glutamate release and activation of both AMPA and mGluRs. Activation of CFs, which make multiple synaptic contacts on proximal dendrites, also via AMPA receptors, opens voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) and causes a generalized influx of calcium. These cellular signals, generated from two different synaptic origins, trigger a cascade of events culminating in a phosphorylation-dependent, long-term reduction in AMPA receptor sensitivity at the PF-PC synapse. This may take place either through receptor internalization and/or through receptor desensitization.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
maua04730  Long-term depression
maua04730

Other DBs
GO: 0048169
Organism
Mesocricetus auratus (golden hamster) [GN:maua]
Gene
101822879  Map2k2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101823090  Igf1; insulin-like growth factor I [KO:K05459]
101823120  Gria3; glutamate receptor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05199]
101823333  Pla2g4f; cytosolic phospholipase A2 zeta isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101823470  Pla2g4a; cytosolic phospholipase A2 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101823512  Braf; serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf isoform X1 [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101823598  Pla2g4e; cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101823786  Lyn; tyrosine-protein kinase Lyn isoform X1 [KO:K05854] [EC:2.7.10.2]
101823886  Ppp2ca; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
101824460  Gna12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12 [KO:K04346]
101824743  Prkcb; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
101825355  Gnaq; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634]
101825401  Gnaz; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(z) subunit alpha [KO:K04535]
101825606  Igf1r; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
101825943  Mapk1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101826679  Araf; serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf isoform X2 [KO:K08845] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101826743  Prkg1; cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K07376] [EC:2.7.11.12]
101827824  Crh; corticoliberin [KO:K05256]
101827998  Prkg2; cGMP-dependent protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K19477] [EC:2.7.11.12]
101828136  Prkcg; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
101828199  Gria2; glutamate receptor 2 isoform X6 [KO:K05198]
101828746  Gnai1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
101829513  Ppp2r1b; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A beta isoform isoform X7 [KO:K03456]
101829697  Crhr1; corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 precursor [KO:K04578]
101830126  [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101830457  Nos1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nitric oxide synthase, brain [KO:K13240] [EC:1.14.13.39]
101830536  Gnao1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K04534]
101830949  Plcb1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101831018  Grm1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04603]
101831059  Gucy1b1; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K12319] [EC:4.6.1.2]
101831139  Map2k1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101831142  Grid2; glutamate receptor ionotropic, delta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05207]
101831676  Gnai3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-3 [KO:K04630]
101831898  Pla2g4d; cytosolic phospholipase A2 delta isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101832028  Gnai2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
101832415  Pla2g4b; cytosolic phospholipase A2 beta isoform X2 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
101834284  [KO:K04632]
101834401  Plcb3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101834562  Ppp1r17; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 17 [KO:K08067]
101834708  Plcb4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101834728  Gnas; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha [KO:K04632]
101834990  [KO:K12319] [EC:4.6.1.2]
101835577  Gna13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13 [KO:K04639]
101835944  Kras; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
101835945  Itpr2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04959]
101836776  Itpr1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04958]
101836867  Gria1; glutamate receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05197]
101837515  Prkca; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
101837844  Ppp2r1a; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform [KO:K03456]
101838455  Cacna1a; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A [KO:K04344]
101838704  Itpr3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960]
101838968  Hras; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
101839416  Gna11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11 [KO:K04635]
101840708  Ryr1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ryanodine receptor 1 [KO:K04961]
101841668  Mapk3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101841999  Nras; GTPase NRas isoform X1 [KO:K07828]
101842030  Plcb2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101842848  Ppp2cb; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
101843997  Raf1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X2 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101844134  Gucy1a2; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-2 isoform X2 [KO:K12318] [EC:4.6.1.2]
110342025  Gucy1a1; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-1 [KO:K12318] [EC:4.6.1.2]
121137054  [KO:K07828]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00076  Calcium cation
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00219  Arachidonate
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00641  1,2-Diacyl-sn-glycerol
C00942  3',5'-Cyclic GMP
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01330  Sodium cation
Reference
PMID:12415297
  Authors
Ito M.
  Title
The molecular organization of cerebellar long-term depression.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 3:896-902 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nrn962
Reference
PMID:11427694
  Authors
Ito M.
  Title
Cerebellar long-term depression: characterization, signal transduction, and functional roles.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 81:1143-95 (2001)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.2001.81.3.1143
Reference
  Authors
Purves D, Augustine GJ (ed).
  Title
Neuroscience
  Journal
Sunderland, Mass.:Sinauer Associates (2004)
Reference
PMID:9735948
  Authors
Daniel H, Levenes C, Crepel F.
  Title
Cellular mechanisms of cerebellar LTD.
  Journal
Trends Neurosci 21:401-7 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-2236(98)01304-6
Reference
PMID:9602501
  Authors
Levenes C, Daniel H, Crepel F.
  Title
Long-term depression of synaptic transmission in the cerebellum: cellular and molecular mechanisms revisited.
  Journal
Prog Neurobiol 55:79-91 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S0301-0082(97)00096-8
Reference
PMID:14509570
  Authors
Metzger F, Kapfhammer JP.
  Title
Protein kinase C: its role in activity-dependent Purkinje cell dendritic development and plasticity.
  Journal
Cerebellum 2:206-14 (2003)
DOI:10.1080/14734220310016150
Related
pathway
maua04020  Calcium signaling pathway
maua04724  Glutamatergic synapse
KO pathway
ko04730   

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