KEGG   PATHWAY: csyr04260
Entry
csyr04260                   Pathway                                
Name
Cardiac muscle contraction - Carlito syrichta (Philippine tarsier)
Description
Contraction of the heart is a complex process initiated by the electrical excitation of cardiac myocytes (excitation-contraction coupling, ECC). In cardiac myocytes, Ca2+ influx induced by activation of voltage-dependent L-type Ca channels (DHP receptors) upon membrane depolarization triggers the release of Ca2+ via Ca2+ release channels (ryanodine receptors) of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) through a Ca2+ -induced Ca release (CICR) mechanism. Ca2+ ions released via the CICR mechanism diffuse through the cytosolic space to contractile proteins to bind to troponinC resulting in the release of inhibition induced by troponinI. The Ca2+ binding to troponinC thereby triggers the sliding of thin and thick filaments, that is, the activation of a crossbridge and subsequent cardiac force development and/or cell shortening. Recovery occurs as Ca2+ is pumped out of the cell by the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) or is returned to the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) by sarco(endo)plasmic Ca2+ -ATPase (SERCA) pumps on the non-junctional region of the SR.
Class
Organismal Systems; Circulatory system
Pathway map
csyr04260  Cardiac muscle contraction
csyr04260

Other DBs
GO: 0060048
Organism
Carlito syrichta (Philippine tarsier) [GN:csyr]
Gene
103259018  CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C [KO:K04850]
103257199  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851]
103277252  CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F isoform X1 [KO:K04853]
103269543  CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S isoform X1 [KO:K04857]
103269223  voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 [KO:K04862]
103257552  CACNB2; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04863]
103273461  CACNB3; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04864]
103273638  CACNB4; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K04865]
103249923  CACNA2D1; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 [KO:K04858]
103255450  CACNA2D2; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04859]
103254510  CACNG1; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-1 subunit [KO:K04866]
103258624  CACNG2; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit [KO:K04867]
103251459  CACNG3; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-3 subunit [KO:K04868]
103254513  CACNG4; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-4 subunit [KO:K04869]
103269993  voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-5 subunit [KO:K04870]
103254512  voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-5 subunit [KO:K04870]
103276476  CACNG6; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-6 subunit [KO:K04871]
103276478  CACNG7; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-7 subunit [KO:K04872]
103261654  RYR2; ryanodine receptor 2 [KO:K04962]
103264065  ASPH; aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylase isoform X1 [KO:K00476] [EC:1.14.11.16]
103274099  CASQ2; calsequestrin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K23445]
103260697  TRDN; triadin [KO:K23449]
103266544  HRC; sarcoplasmic reticulum histidine-rich calcium-binding protein [KO:K23450]
103252089  ATP2A1; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
103263064  ATP2A3; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
103273725  ATP2A2; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
103257238  TNNC1; troponin C, slow skeletal and cardiac muscles [KO:K05865]
103267496  TNNI3; troponin I, cardiac muscle [KO:K12044]
103269546  TNNT2; troponin T, cardiac muscle isoform X1 [KO:K12045]
103253538  tropomyosin alpha-1 chain [KO:K10373]
103262462  tropomyosin alpha-4 chain isoform X3 [KO:K10373]
103265468  TPM2; tropomyosin beta chain isoform X1 [KO:K10374]
103260087  tropomyosin alpha-3 chain isoform X1 [KO:K09290]
103250795  tropomyosin alpha-3 chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K09290]
103262877  TPM3; tropomyosin alpha-3 chain isoform X2 [KO:K09290]
103267800  tropomyosin alpha-3 chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K09290]
103276591  TPM4; tropomyosin alpha-4 chain isoform X1 [KO:K10375]
103268331  ACTC1; actin, alpha cardiac muscle 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12314]
103270244  myosin-7 [KO:K17751]
103270245  myosin-6 [KO:K17751]
103258791  MYL2; myosin regulatory light chain 2, ventricular/cardiac muscle isoform [KO:K10351]
103273785  MYL3; myosin light chain 3 [KO:K12749]
103252912  MYL4; myosin light chain 4 [KO:K12750]
103254098  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit Rieske, mitochondrial [KO:K00411] [EC:7.1.1.8]
103265462  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit Rieske, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00411] [EC:7.1.1.8]
7944473  CYTB; cytochrome b [KO:K00412]
103272505  cytochrome c1, heme protein, mitochondrial [KO:K00413]
103270632  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00414]
103260331  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00415]
103249224  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 6, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00416]
103258555  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 7 isoform X1 [KO:K00417]
103267371  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 7-like [KO:K00417]
103259262  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 8 [KO:K00418]
103271686  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 9 [KO:K00419]
103251009  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 10 [KO:K00420]
7944464  COX3; cytochrome c oxidase subunit III [KO:K02262]
7944468  COX1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit I [KO:K02256] [EC:7.1.1.9]
7944469  COX2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit II [KO:K02261]
103252018  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 2, mitochondrial [KO:K02263]
103266174  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02263]
103270898  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02264]
103266568  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial [KO:K02264]
103251688  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial [KO:K02265]
103251157  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1, mitochondrial [KO:K02266]
110595358  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1-like [KO:K02267]
103263084  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1-like [KO:K02267]
103273566  COX6B; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1-like [KO:K02267]
110596473  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1-like [KO:K02267]
110596696  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1-like [KO:K02267]
110594497  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1-like [KO:K02267]
110595091  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like [KO:K02268]
110596061  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like [KO:K02268]
110596332  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like [KO:K02268]
110596375  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like [KO:K02268]
110596503  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like [KO:K02268]
110596727  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like [KO:K02268]
103268110  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like [KO:K02268]
103273442  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A-related protein, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02270]
103276236  COX7AH; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A1, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
103276500  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
103274382  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
103267420  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B2, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
110594887  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A, mitochondrial [KO:K02273]
103253083  sodium/calcium exchanger 3-like [KO:K05849]
103254394  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: sodium/calcium exchanger 3-like [KO:K05849]
103273824  SLC8A1; sodium/calcium exchanger 1 [KO:K05849]
103262472  SLC9A7; sodium/hydrogen exchanger 7 isoform X1 [KO:K12041]
103272739  SLC9A6; sodium/hydrogen exchanger 6 isoform X2 [KO:K12041]
103269847  ATP1A3; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
103261102  sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
103261101  ATP1A4; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-4 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
103276099  ATP1A1; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
103272428  ATP1B1; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01540]
103264638  ATP1B2; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2 isoform X2 [KO:K01540]
103275208  ATP1B4; protein ATP1B4 isoform X1 [KO:K01540]
103255684  FXYD2; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit gamma [KO:K01538]
103262706  SLC9A1; sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1 [KO:K05742]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
C00080  H+
C00238  Potassium cation
C01330  Sodium cation
Reference
PMID:17988210
  Authors
Bers DM
  Title
Calcium cycling and signaling in cardiac myocytes.
  Journal
Annu Rev Physiol 70:23-49 (2008)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.physiol.70.113006.100455
Reference
PMID:11805843
  Authors
Bers DM
  Title
Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling.
  Journal
Nature 415:198-205 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/415198a
Reference
PMID:16799263
  Authors
Endoh M
  Title
Signal transduction and Ca2+ signaling in intact myocardium.
  Journal
J Pharmacol Sci 100:525-37 (2006)
DOI:10.1254/jphs.CPJ06009X
Reference
PMID:18981594
  Authors
Endoh M
  Title
Cardiac Ca2+ signaling and Ca2+ sensitizers.
  Journal
Circ J 72:1915-25 (2008)
DOI:10.1253/circj.CJ-08-0838
Reference
PMID:16552170
  Authors
Bers DM, Despa S
  Title
Cardiac myocytes Ca2+ and Na+ regulation in normal and failing hearts.
  Journal
J Pharmacol Sci 100:315-22 (2006)
DOI:10.1254/jphs.CPJ06001X
Reference
PMID:10747208
  Authors
Gordon AM, Homsher E, Regnier M
  Title
Regulation of contraction in striated muscle.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 80:853-924 (2000)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.2000.80.2.853
Reference
PMID:16701909
  Authors
Phrommintikul A, Chattipakorn N
  Title
Roles of cardiac ryanodine receptor in heart failure and sudden cardiac death.
  Journal
Int J Cardiol 112:142-52 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2005.11.106
Reference
PMID:16096350
  Authors
Lacinova L
  Title
Voltage-dependent calcium channels.
  Journal
Gen Physiol Biophys 24 Suppl 1:1-78 (2005)
Reference
PMID:12763850
  Authors
Lingrel J, Moseley A, Dostanic I, Cougnon M, He S, James P, Woo A, O'Connor K, Neumann J
  Title
Functional roles of the alpha isoforms of the Na,K-ATPase.
  Journal
Ann N Y Acad Sci 986:354-9 (2003)
DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07214.x
Reference
PMID:11294886
  Authors
Berg JS, Powell BC, Cheney RE
  Title
A millennial myosin census.
  Journal
Mol Biol Cell 12:780-94 (2001)
DOI:10.1091/mbc.12.4.780
Reference
PMID:15736582
  Authors
Parmacek MS, Solaro RJ
  Title
Biology of the troponin complex in cardiac myocytes.
  Journal
Prog Cardiovasc Dis 47:159-76 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.pcad.2004.07.003
Reference
PMID:14659803
  Authors
Yamashita H, Sugiura S, Fujita H, Yasuda S, Nagai R, Saeki Y, Sunagawa K, Sugi H
  Title
Myosin light chain isoforms modify force-generating ability of cardiac myosin by changing the kinetics of actin-myosin interaction.
  Journal
Cardiovasc Res 60:580-8 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/j.cardiores.2003.09.011
Reference
PMID:19403607
  Authors
Pritchard TJ, Kranias EG
  Title
Junctin and the histidine-rich Ca2+ binding protein: potential roles in heart failure and arrhythmogenesis.
  Journal
J Physiol 587:3125-33 (2009)
DOI:10.1113/jphysiol.2009.172171
Reference
PMID:28596175
  Authors
Landstrom AP, Dobrev D, Wehrens XHT
  Title
Calcium Signaling and Cardiac Arrhythmias.
  Journal
Circ Res 120:1969-1993 (2017)
DOI:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.310083
Related
pathway
csyr04020  Calcium signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04260   
LinkDB

DBGET integrated database retrieval system