Entry Name Asthma - Dasypus novemcinctus (nine-banded armadillo)
Description Asthma is a complex syndrome with many clinical phenotypes in both adults and children. Its major characteristics include a variable degree of airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and airway inflammation. Inhaled allergens encounter antigen presenting cells (APC) that line the airway. Upon recognition of the antigen and activation by APC, naive T cells differentiate into TH2 cells. Activated TH2 stimulate the formation of IgE by B cells. IgE molecules bind to IgE receptors located on mast cells. The crosslinking of mast-cell-bound IgE by allergens leads to the release of biologically active mediators (histamine, leukotrienes) by means of degranulation and, so, to the immediate symptoms of allergy. Mast cells also release chemotactic factors that contribute to the recruitment of inflammatory cells, particularly eosinophils, whose proliferation and differentiation from bone marrow progenitors is promoted by IL-5. The activation of eosinophils leads to release of toxic granules and oxygen free radicals that lead to tissue damage and promote the development of chronic inflammation.
Class Human Diseases; Immune diseaseBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Ortholog table Organism Dasypus novemcinctus (nine-banded armadillo) [GN:
dnm ]
Gene 101415145 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP beta 1 chain-like [KO:K06752 ]
101437028 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: DLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR-1 beta chain-like [KO:K06752 ]
101443412 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1-4 beta chain-like [KO:K06752 ]
101438478 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain [KO:K06752 ]
101440773 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ beta 2 chain-like [KO:K06752 ]
101433781 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO beta chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752 ]
101435501 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 1 chain-like [KO:K06752 ]
101435917 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 2 chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06752 ]
101436345 DLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR-1 beta chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06752 ]
101437751 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1-4 beta chain-like [KO:K06752 ]
101415573 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP beta 1 chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06752 ]
101417015 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP alpha 1 chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752 ]
101417743 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO alpha chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752 ]
101421271 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM alpha chain [KO:K06752 ]
101421706 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain [KO:K06752 ]
101440382 CD40; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5 [KO:K03160 ]
101423469 putative V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing-like protein IGHV4OR15-8 [KO:K06856 ]
101432225 FCER1A; high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K08089 ]
101417880 high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K08090 ]
111760411 high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit beta-like [KO:K08090 ]
105744140 FCER1G; high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit gamma [KO:K07983 ]
Compound C04598 2-Acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
Reference Authors Busse WW, Lemanske RF Jr.
Title Asthma.
Journal Reference Authors Renauld JC.
Title New insights into the role of cytokines in asthma.
Journal Reference Authors Romagnani S.
Title The role of lymphocytes in allergic disease.
Journal Reference Authors Averbeck M, Gebhardt C, Emmrich F, Treudler R, Simon JC.
Title Immunologic principles of allergic disease.
Journal Reference Authors Conroy DM, Williams TJ.
Title Eotaxin and the attraction of eosinophils to the asthmatic lung.
Journal Reference Authors Effros RM, Nagaraj H.
Title Asthma: new developments concerning immune mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment.
Journal Reference Authors Barnes PJ.
Title Immunology of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Journal Reference Authors Holgate ST, Polosa R.
Title Treatment strategies for allergy and asthma.
Journal Reference Authors Valenta R.
Title The future of antigen-specific immunotherapy of allergy.
Journal Reference Authors Trivedi SG, Lloyd CM.
Title Eosinophils in the pathogenesis of allergic airways disease.
Journal Reference Authors Heinecke JW.
Title Eosinophil-dependent bromination in the pathogenesis of asthma.
Journal Related dnm04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
dnm04612 Antigen processing and presentation
dnm04660 T cell receptor signaling pathway
dnm04662 B cell receptor signaling pathway
dnm04664 Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway
KO pathway LinkDB All DBs
