KEGG   PATHWAY: els04260
Entry
els04260                    Pathway                                
Name
Cardiac muscle contraction - Esox lucius (northern pike)
Description
Contraction of the heart is a complex process initiated by the electrical excitation of cardiac myocytes (excitation-contraction coupling, ECC). In cardiac myocytes, Ca2+ influx induced by activation of voltage-dependent L-type Ca channels (DHP receptors) upon membrane depolarization triggers the release of Ca2+ via Ca2+ release channels (ryanodine receptors) of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) through a Ca2+ -induced Ca release (CICR) mechanism. Ca2+ ions released via the CICR mechanism diffuse through the cytosolic space to contractile proteins to bind to troponinC resulting in the release of inhibition induced by troponinI. The Ca2+ binding to troponinC thereby triggers the sliding of thin and thick filaments, that is, the activation of a crossbridge and subsequent cardiac force development and/or cell shortening. Recovery occurs as Ca2+ is pumped out of the cell by the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) or is returned to the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) by sarco(endo)plasmic Ca2+ -ATPase (SERCA) pumps on the non-junctional region of the SR.
Class
Organismal Systems; Circulatory system
Pathway map
els04260  Cardiac muscle contraction
els04260

Other DBs
GO: 0060048
Organism
Esox lucius (northern pike) [GN:els]
Gene
105023097  cacna1c; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850]
105006991  voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851]
105007355  cacna1d; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851]
105022404  voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D [KO:K04853]
105008776  voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D [KO:K04853]
105013561  dihydropyridine-sensitive L-type skeletal muscle calcium channel subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04857]
105016828  dihydropyridine-sensitive L-type skeletal muscle calcium channel subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04857]
105013307  cacnb1; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04862]
105031374  cacnb2; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 isoform X2 [KO:K04863]
105026314  voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04864]
105023164  voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K04865]
105016118  cacnb4; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K04865]
105020378  voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04858]
105018430  voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 [KO:K04858]
105025419  cacna2d2; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04859]
105028112  voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04859]
105006995  voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04860]
105014015  voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-3 [KO:K04860]
105023094  cacna2d4; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-4 [KO:K04861]
105031141  voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K04861]
105013015  voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-1 subunit [KO:K04866]
105021571  cacng1; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-1 subunit [KO:K04866]
105031192  voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit [KO:K04867]
105008357  voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit [KO:K04867]
105010309  voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-3 subunit-like isoform X1 [KO:K04868]
105030719  cacng3; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-3 subunit [KO:K04868]
105013014  voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-4 subunit [KO:K04869]
105021570  cacng4; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-4 subunit [KO:K04869]
105026134  voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-5 subunit [KO:K04870]
105021569  cacng5; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-5 subunit isoform X2 [KO:K04870]
105019022  voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-6 subunit [KO:K04871]
105025870  voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-6 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K04871]
105019085  voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-7 subunit [KO:K04872]
105025872  voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-7 subunit [KO:K04872]
105019021  voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-4 subunit [KO:K04873]
105025871  voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-4 subunit [KO:K04873]
105025293  ryr2; ryanodine receptor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04962]
105010552  ryanodine receptor 2 isoform X8 [KO:K04962]
105030616  asph; aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylase isoform X13 [KO:K00476] [EC:1.14.11.16]
105031615  uncharacterized abhydrolase domain-containing protein DDB_G0269086 isoform X1 [KO:K00476] [EC:1.14.11.16]
105031201  calsequestrin-2 [KO:K23445]
105019880  calsequestrin-2 [KO:K23445]
105017930  trdn; triadin isoform X3 [KO:K23449]
105012811  atp2a1; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
105024385  sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
105025950  sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
105014188  sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
105014832  sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
105022874  sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
105029133  tnnc1; troponin C type 1 (slow) [KO:K05865]
105026933  troponin C, slow skeletal and cardiac muscles [KO:K05865]
105009439  troponin T, cardiac muscle isoforms isoform X2 [KO:K12045]
105021837  troponin T, cardiac muscle isoforms [KO:K12045]
105027251  tnnt2; troponin T, cardiac muscle isoform X1 [KO:K12045]
105029073  troponin T, cardiac muscle-like isoform X1 [KO:K12045]
105022630  tropomyosin alpha-1 chain isoform X1 [KO:K10373]
105025692  tpm1; tropomyosin alpha-1 chain isoform X1 [KO:K10373]
105012731  tropomyosin alpha-3 chain isoform X1 [KO:K10373]
105021719  tropomyosin alpha-1 chain isoform X1 [KO:K10374]
105019170  tropomyosin alpha-3 chain isoform X1 [KO:K09290]
105011474  tpm4; tropomyosin alpha-4 chain isoform X1 [KO:K10375]
105022485  tropomyosin alpha-1 chain isoform X1 [KO:K10375]
105015666  actin, alpha cardiac-like [KO:K12314]
105017577  actin, alpha cardiac muscle 1 [KO:K12314]
105015494  actc1; actin, alpha cardiac muscle 1 [KO:K12314]
105024319  actin, alpha cardiac isoform X1 [KO:K12314]
105018274  actin, alpha cardiac muscle 1 [KO:K12314]
105021500  actin, alpha cardiac [KO:K12314]
105021204  actin, alpha cardiac [KO:K12314]
105008681  myosin-7 isoform X1 [KO:K17751]
105009935  myosin-6 isoform X1 [KO:K17751]
105029872  myosin-7 [KO:K17751]
106023710  myosin-6-like [KO:K17751]
105019649  myosin-7 [KO:K17751]
105019489  myosin-7-like [KO:K17751]
105019511  myosin-6 [KO:K17751]
105017044  myosin regulatory light chain 2, ventricular/cardiac muscle isoform [KO:K10351]
105019866  myosin light chain 1, cardiac muscle [KO:K12749]
105023360  myl4; myosin light chain 4 [KO:K12750]
105017601  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit Rieske, mitochondrial [KO:K00411] [EC:7.1.1.8]
806648  CYTB; cytochrome b [KO:K00412]
105029938  cytochrome c1, heme protein, mitochondrial [KO:K00413]
105017330  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00414]
105031505  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00415]
105026146  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00415]
105011436  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 6, mitochondrial [KO:K00416]
105024100  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 6, mitochondrial [KO:K00416]
114839654  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 6, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00416]
105030274  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 7 isoform X2 [KO:K00417]
105026002  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 8 [KO:K00418]
105027066  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 9 [KO:K00419]
105011553  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 10-like isoform X2 [KO:K00420]
105020559  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 10 [KO:K00420]
806649  COX3; cytochrome c oxidase subunit III [KO:K02262]
806651  COX1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit I [KO:K02256] [EC:7.1.1.9]
806650  COX2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit II [KO:K02261]
105013758  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02263]
105027304  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02263]
105027278  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial [KO:K02263]
105013757  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 2, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K02263]
105015703  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial [KO:K02264]
105018312  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial [KO:K02264]
105015189  cox5b; cytochrome c oxidase subunit Vb [KO:K02265]
105028634  cox5b; cytochrome c oxidase subunit Vb [KO:K02265]
105014209  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A, mitochondrial [KO:K02266]
105012956  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A, mitochondrial [KO:K02266]
105024540  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1 [KO:K02267]
105019040  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1 [KO:K02267]
105025867  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1-like isoform X1 [KO:K02267]
105009024  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-1 [KO:K02268]
105030297  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A-related protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
105006094  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A-related protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02270]
105017838  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
105024130  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
105015764  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
105014650  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial [KO:K02272]
105010905  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A, mitochondrial [KO:K02273]
105018281  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8B, mitochondrial [KO:K02273]
105017667  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8B, mitochondrial [KO:K02273]
105025527  slc8a3; sodium/calcium exchanger 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
105010959  sodium/calcium exchanger 1-like [KO:K05849]
105006367  sodium/calcium exchanger 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
105006374  sodium/calcium exchanger 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
105021441  sodium/calcium exchanger 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
105026810  sodium/calcium exchanger 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
105026817  sodium/calcium exchanger 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
105031575  sodium/hydrogen exchanger 6 isoform X1 [KO:K12041]
105027389  sodium/hydrogen exchanger 7 isoform X1 [KO:K12041]
105029574  sodium/hydrogen exchanger 6 [KO:K12041]
105016395  sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
105028252  sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3 isoform X1 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
105019784  sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
105019842  sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
105019783  sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
105028600  sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
105024552  sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-2 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
105024506  sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
105019473  sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
105020902  sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
105024980  atp1b3; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3 [KO:K01540]
105026800  sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3 [KO:K01540]
105025556  atp1b4; protein ATP1B4 [KO:K01540]
105011329  atp1b1; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1 [KO:K01540]
105019706  sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-233-like [KO:K01540]
105023914  sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K01540]
105008587  sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2-like [KO:K01540]
105012566  Na(+)/H(+) exchanger beta [KO:K05742]
105028363  Na(+)/H(+) exchanger beta isoform X1 [KO:K05742]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
C00080  H+
C00238  Potassium cation
C01330  Sodium cation
Reference
PMID:17988210
  Authors
Bers DM
  Title
Calcium cycling and signaling in cardiac myocytes.
  Journal
Annu Rev Physiol 70:23-49 (2008)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.physiol.70.113006.100455
Reference
PMID:11805843
  Authors
Bers DM
  Title
Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling.
  Journal
Nature 415:198-205 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/415198a
Reference
PMID:16799263
  Authors
Endoh M
  Title
Signal transduction and Ca2+ signaling in intact myocardium.
  Journal
J Pharmacol Sci 100:525-37 (2006)
DOI:10.1254/jphs.CPJ06009X
Reference
PMID:18981594
  Authors
Endoh M
  Title
Cardiac Ca2+ signaling and Ca2+ sensitizers.
  Journal
Circ J 72:1915-25 (2008)
DOI:10.1253/circj.CJ-08-0838
Reference
PMID:16552170
  Authors
Bers DM, Despa S
  Title
Cardiac myocytes Ca2+ and Na+ regulation in normal and failing hearts.
  Journal
J Pharmacol Sci 100:315-22 (2006)
DOI:10.1254/jphs.CPJ06001X
Reference
PMID:10747208
  Authors
Gordon AM, Homsher E, Regnier M
  Title
Regulation of contraction in striated muscle.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 80:853-924 (2000)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.2000.80.2.853
Reference
PMID:16701909
  Authors
Phrommintikul A, Chattipakorn N
  Title
Roles of cardiac ryanodine receptor in heart failure and sudden cardiac death.
  Journal
Int J Cardiol 112:142-52 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2005.11.106
Reference
PMID:16096350
  Authors
Lacinova L
  Title
Voltage-dependent calcium channels.
  Journal
Gen Physiol Biophys 24 Suppl 1:1-78 (2005)
Reference
PMID:12763850
  Authors
Lingrel J, Moseley A, Dostanic I, Cougnon M, He S, James P, Woo A, O'Connor K, Neumann J
  Title
Functional roles of the alpha isoforms of the Na,K-ATPase.
  Journal
Ann N Y Acad Sci 986:354-9 (2003)
DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07214.x
Reference
PMID:11294886
  Authors
Berg JS, Powell BC, Cheney RE
  Title
A millennial myosin census.
  Journal
Mol Biol Cell 12:780-94 (2001)
DOI:10.1091/mbc.12.4.780
Reference
PMID:15736582
  Authors
Parmacek MS, Solaro RJ
  Title
Biology of the troponin complex in cardiac myocytes.
  Journal
Prog Cardiovasc Dis 47:159-76 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.pcad.2004.07.003
Reference
PMID:14659803
  Authors
Yamashita H, Sugiura S, Fujita H, Yasuda S, Nagai R, Saeki Y, Sunagawa K, Sugi H
  Title
Myosin light chain isoforms modify force-generating ability of cardiac myosin by changing the kinetics of actin-myosin interaction.
  Journal
Cardiovasc Res 60:580-8 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/j.cardiores.2003.09.011
Reference
PMID:19403607
  Authors
Pritchard TJ, Kranias EG
  Title
Junctin and the histidine-rich Ca2+ binding protein: potential roles in heart failure and arrhythmogenesis.
  Journal
J Physiol 587:3125-33 (2009)
DOI:10.1113/jphysiol.2009.172171
Reference
PMID:28596175
  Authors
Landstrom AP, Dobrev D, Wehrens XHT
  Title
Calcium Signaling and Cardiac Arrhythmias.
  Journal
Circ Res 120:1969-1993 (2017)
DOI:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.310083
Related
pathway
els04020  Calcium signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04260   
LinkDB

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