KEGG   PATHWAY: emc00260
Entry
emc00260                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Eublepharis macularius (Leopard gecko)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
emc00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
emc00260

Module
emc_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:emc00260]
emc_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:emc00260]
emc_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:emc00260]
emc_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:emc00260]
emc_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:emc00260]
emc_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:emc00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Eublepharis macularius (Leopard gecko) [GN:emc]
Gene
129328846  uncharacterized protein LOC129328846 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
129346367  SHMT2; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
129340660  SHMT1; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
129332413  AGXT; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
129334264  GRHPR; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase isoform X1 [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
129326948  GLYCTK; glycerate kinase isoform X1 [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
129342439  PGAM2; phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
129332583  PGAM1; phosphoglycerate mutase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
129335707  BPGM; bisphosphoglycerate mutase isoform X1 [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
129330287  PHGDH; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
129334486  PSAT1; phosphoserine aminotransferase isoform X1 [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
129324436  phosphoserine aminotransferase-like [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
129344625  PSPH; phosphoserine phosphatase [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
129336098  GCAT; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
129335464  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
129346024  ALAS2; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
129327292  ALAS1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, non-specific, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
129325685  MAOA; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
129325992  amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B-like [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
129340591  membrane primary amine oxidase-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
129338653  membrane primary amine oxidase-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
129339084  retina-specific copper amine oxidase-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
129339087  primary amine oxidase, lung isozyme-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
129334485  GLDC; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
129328831  AMT; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
129336106  DLD; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
129344010  GCSH; glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
129340861  DAO; D-amino-acid oxidase [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
129334440  AGXT2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
129345396  GATM; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
129329798  GAMT; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
129328143  CHDH; choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
129334560  ALDH7A1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
129334292  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
129334811  DMGDH; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
129344532  PIPOX; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
129342011  SARDH; sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
129333114  GNMT; glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
129325755  cystathionine beta-synthase-like protein isoform X1 [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
129326686  cystathionine beta-synthase-like [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
129329652  cystathionine gamma-lyase-like [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
129329867  cystathionine gamma-lyase-like [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
129332392  L-threonine dehydratase catabolic TdcB-like [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
129340865  serine dehydratase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
129341637  L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
129337978  D-threo-3-hydroxyaspartate dehydratase-like [KO:K20498] [EC:4.3.1.18]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
emc00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
emc00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
emc00230  Purine metabolism
emc00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
emc00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
emc00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
emc00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
emc00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
emc00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
emc00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
emc00620  Pyruvate metabolism
emc00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
emc00640  Propanoate metabolism
emc00860  Porphyrin metabolism
emc00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
LinkDB

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