KEGG   PATHWAY: mze00260
Entry
mze00260                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Maylandia zebra (zebra mbuna)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
mze00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
mze00260

Module
mze_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:mze00260]
mze_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:mze00260]
mze_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:mze00260]
mze_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:mze00260]
mze_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:mze00260]
mze_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:mze00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Maylandia zebra (zebra mbuna) [GN:mze]
Gene
101478784  probable low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 2 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
101484251  serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
101478662  serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
101470492  serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
101469117  shmt1; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
101482817  serine--pyruvate aminotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
101480149  serine--pyruvate aminotransferase-like [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
101470549  glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
101467057  glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
101477451  glyctk; glycerate kinase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
101472272  phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
101470049  phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
101485731  phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
101473870  bpgm; bisphosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
101474426  phgdh; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
101477344  psat1; phosphoserine aminotransferase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
101470370  psph; phosphoserine phosphatase [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
101464638  gcat; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
101474909  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
101484594  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
101477226  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
101480657  alas1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
101479627  5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
101469412  probable flavin-containing monoamine oxidase A [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
101484401  amine oxidase [flavin-containing] [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
106675757  amine oxidase [flavin-containing] [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
112436097  amine oxidase [flavin-containing]-like [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
112436098  amine oxidase [flavin-containing]-like [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
112436099  amine oxidase [flavin-containing]-like [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
101476241  primary amine oxidase, liver isozyme [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
101469452  gldc; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
101472448  amt; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
101467432  dld; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
101479670  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
101467897  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
101486371  dao; D-amino-acid oxidase [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
101477079  agxt2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
101463884  gatm; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
101466486  gamt; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
101475567  chdh; choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
101482988  aldh7a1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
101482601  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
101464577  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
112435685  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1-like [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
101476130  dmgdh; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
101474751  pipox; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
101464347  sardh; sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
101484870  gnmt; glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
101487143  cystathionine beta-synthase [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
106674481  cystathionine beta-synthase [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
101479719  cystathionine beta-synthase [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
101468515  cth; cystathionine gamma-lyase [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
101473923  uncharacterized protein LOC101473923 [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
101479205  sds; L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
101484046  serine dehydratase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
101481108  uncharacterized protein LOC101481108 [KO:K20498] [EC:4.3.1.18]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
mze00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
mze00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
mze00230  Purine metabolism
mze00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
mze00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
mze00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
mze00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
mze00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
mze00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
mze00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
mze00620  Pyruvate metabolism
mze00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
mze00640  Propanoate metabolism
mze00860  Porphyrin metabolism
mze00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
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