KEGG   PATHWAY: psiu00260
Entry
psiu00260                   Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Phocoena sinus (vaquita)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
psiu00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
psiu00260

Module
psiu_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:psiu00260]
psiu_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:psiu00260]
psiu_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:psiu00260]
psiu_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:psiu00260]
psiu_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:psiu00260]
psiu_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:psiu00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Phocoena sinus (vaquita) [GN:psiu]
Gene
116746211  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: probable low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 2 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
116761317  SHMT2; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
116745224  SHMT1; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
116757166  AGXT; serine--pyruvate aminotransferase [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
116755686  GRHPR; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
116762740  GLYCTK; glycerate kinase isoform X1 [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
116741512  PGAM1; phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
116759338  PGAM2; phosphoglycerate mutase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
116764955  bisphosphoglycerate mutase-like [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
116759523  BPGM; bisphosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
116739858  PHGDH; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase isoform X1 [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
116755800  PSAT1; phosphoserine aminotransferase isoform X1 [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
116740795  PSPH; phosphoserine phosphatase isoform X1 [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
116761063  GCAT; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
116755562  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
116747431  ALAS2; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
116762556  ALAS1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
116747675  MAOB; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
116747892  MAOA; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
116745068  AOC3; membrane primary amine oxidase [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
116745069  AOC2; retina-specific copper amine oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
116755400  GLDC; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
116762539  AMT; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
116756816  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
116758249  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
116759602  DLD; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
116753397  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
116744191  GCSH; glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
116754500  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
116761296  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
116749323  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
116757194  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
116765068  DAO; D-amino-acid oxidase [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
116751363  AGXT2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
116749534  GATM; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
116754479  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase-like [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
116751826  GAMT; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
116762725  CHDH; choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
116750599  ALDH7A1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase isoform X1 [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
116750387  BHMT; betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
116752240  DMGDH; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
116745162  PIPOX; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
116755110  SARDH; sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
116761635  GNMT; glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
116753445  CBS; cystathionine beta-synthase isoform X1 [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
116742995  CTH; cystathionine gamma-lyase isoform X1 [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
116738843  SDS; L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase isoform X1 [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
116764898  SDSL; serine dehydratase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
116745184  SRR; serine racemase isoform X1 [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
psiu00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
psiu00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
psiu00230  Purine metabolism
psiu00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
psiu00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
psiu00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
psiu00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
psiu00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
psiu00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
psiu00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
psiu00620  Pyruvate metabolism
psiu00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
psiu00640  Propanoate metabolism
psiu00860  Porphyrin metabolism
psiu00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
LinkDB

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