KEGG   PATHWAY: spen00270
Entry
spen00270                   Pathway                                
Name
Cysteine and methionine metabolism - Solanum pennellii
Description
Cysteine and methionine are sulfur-containing amino acids. Cysteine is synthesized from serine through different pathways in different organism groups. In bacteria and plants, cysteine is converted from serine (via acetylserine) by transfer of hydrogen sulfide [MD:M00021]. In animals, methionine-derived homocysteine is used as sulfur source and its condensation product with serine (cystathionine) is converted to cysteine [MD:M00338]. Cysteine is metabolized to pyruvate in multiple routes. Methionine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, methionine is synthesized from aspartate [MD:M00017]. S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM), synthesized from methionine and ATP, is a methyl group donor in many important transfer reactions including DNA methylation for regulation of gene expression. SAM may also be used to regenerate methionine in the methionine salvage pathway [MD:M00034].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
spen00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
spen00270

Module
spen_M00021  Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:spen00270]
spen_M00034  Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:spen00270]
spen_M00368  Ethylene biosynthesis, methionine => ethylene [PATH:spen00270]
Other DBs
GO: 0006534 0006555
Organism
Solanum pennellii [GN:spen]
Gene
107007306  serine acetyltransferase 5 [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
107026506  serine acetyltransferase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
107011874  serine acetyltransferase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
107032141  serine acetyltransferase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
107028536  cysteine synthase, chloroplastic/chromoplastic isoform X1 [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
107008428  cysteine synthase [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
107024362  cysteine synthase 2 [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
107031307  cysteine synthase [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
107027739  cysteine synthase-like [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
107028344  cysteine synthase-like [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
107028355  cysteine synthase-like [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
107032363  bifunctional L-3-cyanoalanine synthase/cysteine synthase 1, mitochondrial [KO:K13034] [EC:2.5.1.47 4.4.1.9]
107008051  bifunctional L-3-cyanoalanine synthase/cysteine synthase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K13034] [EC:2.5.1.47 4.4.1.9]
107002733  cystathionine beta-lyase, chloroplastic isoform X1 [KO:K01760] [EC:4.4.1.13]
107029752  homocysteine S-methyltransferase 2 [KO:K00547] [EC:2.1.1.10]
107031665  homocysteine S-methyltransferase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K00547] [EC:2.1.1.10]
107007971  5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-- homocysteine methyltransferase [KO:K00549] [EC:2.1.1.14]
107002117  5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-- homocysteine methyltransferase [KO:K00549] [EC:2.1.1.14]
107002483  S-adenosylmethionine synthase 1 [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]
107006612  S-adenosylmethionine synthase 2 [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]
107002303  S-adenosylmethionine synthase 3-like [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]
107031008  S-adenosylmethionine synthase 3 [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]
107022776  S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme 4-like [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
107011366  S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme-like [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
107004819  S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme-like [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
107019800  S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
107028517  S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme 4 [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
107020620  spermidine synthase [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
107018265  spermidine synthase 1 [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
107022355  spermidine synthase 2-like [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
107015092  spermine synthase [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
107011178  nicotianamine synthase [KO:K05953] [EC:2.5.1.43]
107008065  5'-methylthioadenosine/S-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K01244] [EC:3.2.2.16]
107007918  methylthioribose kinase [KO:K00899] [EC:2.7.1.100]
107028716  methylthioribose-1-phosphate isomerase [KO:K08963] [EC:5.3.1.23]
107002717  probable bifunctional methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase/enolase-phosphatase E1 1 [KO:K16054] [EC:4.2.1.109 3.1.3.77]
107026476  probable bifunctional methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase/enolase-phosphatase E1 1 [KO:K16054] [EC:4.2.1.109 3.1.3.77]
107031798  1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentene dioxygenase 1-like [KO:K08967] [EC:1.13.11.53 1.13.11.54]
107031252  1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentene dioxygenase 2 [KO:K08967] [EC:1.13.11.53 1.13.11.54]
107004877  uncharacterized protein LOC107004877 [KO:K23977] [EC:2.6.1.117]
107026348  tyrosine aminotransferase-like isoform X1 [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]
107032620  tyrosine aminotransferase-like [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]
107005550  probable aminotransferase TAT2 isoform X1 [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]
107031866  probable aminotransferase TAT2 [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]
107026415  tyrosine aminotransferase-like [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]
107006026  probable aminotransferase TAT2 [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]
107014941  aromatic aminotransferase ISS1 [KO:K00837] [EC:2.6.1.-]
107028083  methionine gamma-lyase [KO:K01761] [EC:4.4.1.11]
107028327  methionine gamma-lyase-like [KO:K01761] [EC:4.4.1.11]
107008257  DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]
107028898  DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase CMT2 isoform X1 [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]
107007094  DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase CMT3-like [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]
107004548  DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1B-like [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]
107007748  uncharacterized protein LOC107007748 [KO:K17398] [EC:2.1.1.37]
107031165  adenosylhomocysteinase [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]
107007528  adenosylhomocysteinase [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]
107031011  adenosylhomocysteinase-like [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]
107007601  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 2 [KO:K20772] [EC:4.4.1.14]
107027241  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase-like [KO:K20772] [EC:4.4.1.14]
107027321  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase-like [KO:K20772] [EC:4.4.1.14]
107027121  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase-like [KO:K20772] [EC:4.4.1.14]
107006832  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase-like [KO:K20772] [EC:4.4.1.14]
107025598  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 7-like [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
107010547  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 3 [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
107014033  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 3-like [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
107007246  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 7 [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
107010712  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 3-like [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
107017393  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 3 [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
107010736  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 3-like [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
107018465  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 4-like [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
107023167  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 5 [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
107024662  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 1 [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
107024353  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 4 [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
107011760  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase-like [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
107024027  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 1 [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
107024035  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 1 [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
107005451  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 2 [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
107010265  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
107003598  aspartokinase 2, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
107023089  bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K12524] [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3]
107004589  bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K12524] [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3]
107003617  uncharacterized protein LOC107003617 [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]
107011046  cystathionine gamma-synthase 1, chloroplastic [KO:K01739] [EC:2.5.1.48]
107015985  branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]
107011649  branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]
107005297  branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase 2, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]
107012900  branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]
107017181  branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase 2, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]
107024433  branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase 2, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]
107017796  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
107032369  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
107028588  glutamate--cysteine ligase, chloroplastic [KO:K01919] [EC:6.3.2.2]
107008034  glutathione synthetase, chloroplastic [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]
107026600  aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic [KO:K14454] [EC:2.6.1.1]
107028388  aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic [KO:K14454] [EC:2.6.1.1]
107026389  aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K14455] [EC:2.6.1.1]
107001911  aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K14455] [EC:2.6.1.1]
107028571  aspartate aminotransferase, chloroplastic [KO:K00811] [EC:2.6.1.1]
107011757  thiosulfate/3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase 1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K01011] [EC:2.8.1.1 2.8.1.2]
107026197  thiosulfate/3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase 1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01011] [EC:2.8.1.1 2.8.1.2]
107027989  L-lactate dehydrogenase B-like [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]
107027161  L-lactate dehydrogenase B [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]
107014766  putative D-cysteine desulfhydrase 1, mitochondrial [KO:K05396] [EC:4.4.1.15]
107010342  D-cysteine desulfhydrase 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K05396] [EC:4.4.1.15]
107018829  probable L-cysteine desulfhydrase, chloroplastic [KO:K22207] [EC:4.4.1.28]
107008434  L-cysteine desulfhydrase [KO:K22207] [EC:4.4.1.28]
107031106  malate dehydrogenase [KO:K00025] [EC:1.1.1.37]
107015478  malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic-like isoform X1 [KO:K00025] [EC:1.1.1.37]
107001458  malate dehydrogenase, glyoxysomal [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
107031532  malate dehydrogenase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
107012039  malate dehydrogenase, glyoxysomal-like [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
107014182  malate dehydrogenase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
107025677  malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
107005541  malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
107014730  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 3, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
107014487  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 3, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
107032194  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
107011587  phosphoserine aminotransferase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
Compound
C00019  S-Adenosyl-L-methionine
C00021  S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine
C00022  Pyruvate
C00041  L-Alanine
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00051  Glutathione
C00059  Sulfate
C00065  L-Serine
C00073  L-Methionine
C00094  Sulfite
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00155  L-Homocysteine
C00170  5'-Methylthioadenosine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00283  Hydrogen sulfide
C00409  Methanethiol
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00491  L-Cystine
C00506  L-Cysteate
C00606  3-Sulfino-L-alanine
C00793  D-Cysteine
C00957  Mercaptopyruvate
C00979  O-Acetyl-L-serine
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01077  O-Acetyl-L-homoserine
C01118  O-Succinyl-L-homoserine
C01137  S-Adenosylmethioninamine
C01180  4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid
C01234  1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate
C01817  L-Homocystine
C01962  Thiocysteine
C02218  Dehydroalanine
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02356  (S)-2-Aminobutanoate
C02989  L-Methionine S-oxide
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03089  5-Methylthio-D-ribose
C03145  N-Formylmethionine
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03431  S-Inosyl-L-homocysteine
C03539  S-Ribosyl-L-homocysteine
C04188  S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribose 1-phosphate
C04582  S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribulose 1-phosphate
C05324  Nicotianamine
C05524  Aminoacyl-L-methionine
C05526  S-Glutathionyl-L-cysteine
C05527  3-Sulfinylpyruvate
C05528  3-Sulfopyruvate
C05823  3-Mercaptolactate
C05824  S-Sulfo-L-cysteine
C06547  Ethylene
C08276  3-(Methylthio)propanoate
C09306  Sulfur dioxide
C11437  1-Deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate
C11481  HSO3-
C11499  (S)-3-Sulfolactate
C11537  (2R)-3-Sulfolactate
C15606  1,2-Dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one
C15650  2,3-Diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate
C15651  2-Hydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate
C18049  N-Acyl-L-homoserine lactone
C19787  5'-S-Methyl-5'-thioinosine
C21015  gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-2-aminobutyrate
C21016  Ophthalmate
C22359  S-Methyl-1-thio-D-xylulose 5-phosphate
Reference
PMID:15102328
  Authors
Sekowska A, Denervaud V, Ashida H, Michoud K, Haas D, Yokota A, Danchin A
  Title
Bacterial variations on the methionine salvage pathway.
  Journal
BMC Microbiol 4:9 (2004)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-4-9
Reference
PMID:14551435
  Authors
Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Kobayashi K, Ogasawara N, Yokota A.
  Title
A functional link between RuBisCO-like protein of Bacillus and photosynthetic RuBisCO.
  Journal
Science 302:286-90 (2003)
DOI:10.1126/science.1086997
Reference
PMID:12022921
  Authors
Sekowska A, Danchin A.
  Title
The methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.
  Journal
BMC Microbiol 2:8 (2002)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-2-8
Reference
PMID:12670965
  Authors
Berger BJ, English S, Chan G, Knodel MH.
  Title
Methionine regeneration and aminotransferases in Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus anthracis.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 185:2418-31 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.8.2418-2431.2003
Reference
PMID:17169919
  Authors
Goyer A, Collakova E, Shachar-Hill Y, Hanson AD
  Title
Functional characterization of a methionine gamma-lyase in Arabidopsis and its implication in an alternative to the reverse trans-sulfuration pathway.
  Journal
Plant Cell Physiol 48:232-42 (2007)
DOI:10.1093/pcp/pcl055
Reference
PMID:17030798
  Authors
Rebeille F, Jabrin S, Bligny R, Loizeau K, Gambonnet B, Van Wilder V, Douce R, Ravanel S
  Title
Methionine catabolism in Arabidopsis cells is initiated by a gamma-cleavage process and leads to S-methylcysteine and isoleucine syntheses.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:15687-92 (2006)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0606195103
Reference
PMID:18625006
  Authors
Pirkov I, Norbeck J, Gustafsson L, Albers E
  Title
A complete inventory of all enzymes in the eukaryotic methionine salvage pathway.
  Journal
FEBS J 275:4111-20 (2008)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06552.x
Reference
PMID:18391471
  Authors
Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Yokota A
  Title
Enzymatic characterization of 5-methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase of the methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.
  Journal
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 72:959-67 (2008)
DOI:10.1271/bbb.70651
Reference
PMID:10613873
  Authors
Kitabatake M, So MW, Tumbula DL, Soll D
  Title
Cysteine biosynthesis pathway in the archaeon Methanosarcina barkeri encoded by acquired bacterial genes?
  Journal
J Bacteriol 182:143-5 (2000)
DOI:10.1128/JB.182.1.143-145.2000
Reference
PMID:12644499
  Authors
Mino K, Ishikawa K
  Title
Characterization of a novel thermostable O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase from Aeropyrum pernix K1.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 185:2277-84 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.7.2277-2284.2003
Reference
PMID:18520135
  Authors
Tanabe S
  Title
Development of assay methods for endogenous inorganic sulfur compounds and sulfurtransferases and evaluation of the physiological functions of bound sulfur.
  Journal
Yakugaku Zasshi 128:881-900 (2008)
DOI:10.1248/yakushi.128.881
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:19270684
  Authors
Gutierrez JA, Crowder T, Rinaldo-Matthis A, Ho MC, Almo SC, Schramm VL
  Title
Transition state analogs of 5'-methylthioadenosine nucleosidase disrupt quorum sensing.
  Journal
Nat Chem Biol 5:251-7 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nchembio.153
Related
pathway
spen00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
spen00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
spen00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
spen00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
spen00430  Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism
spen00480  Glutathione metabolism
spen00620  Pyruvate metabolism
spen00640  Propanoate metabolism
spen00770  Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis
spen00900  Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
spen00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00270   
LinkDB

DBGET integrated database retrieval system