KEGG PATHWAY: zca00260

PATHWAY: zca00260

Entry

zca00260                    Pathway

Name

Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Zalophus californianus (California sea lion)

Description

Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].

Class

Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism

Pathway map

zca00260

Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism

Module

zca_M00020

Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:zca00260]

zca_M00047

Creatine pathway [PATH:zca00260]

zca_M00338

Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:zca00260]

zca_M00555

Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:zca00260]

zca_M00621

Glycine cleavage system [PATH:zca00260]

zca_M00974

Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:zca00260]

Other DBs

GO:	0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566

Organism

Zalophus californianus (California sea lion) [GN:zca]

Gene

113908024

SHMT1; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]

113910141

GATM; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]

113911113

[KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]

113911337

PGAM2; phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]

113911884

DLD; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]

113911925

BPGM; bisphosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]

113912567

SDS; L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]

113912936

SDSL; serine dehydratase-like isoform X1 [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]

113913371

DAO; D-amino-acid oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]

113913628

CTH; cystathionine gamma-lyase [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]

113913766

[KO:K02437]

113914494

[KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]

113916069

GLYCTK; glycerate kinase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]

113916152

GAMT; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]

113916292

AMT; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]

113916798

CHDH; choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]

113917537

ALAS1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]

113918083

[KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]

113918546

CBS; cystathionine beta-synthase isoform X1 [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]

113919965

AGXT; serine--pyruvate aminotransferase isoform X1 [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]

113921348

PGAM1; phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]

113921915

SHMT2; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]

113922078

GCAT; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]

113925110

[KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]

113925247

[KO:K02437]

113926507

GNMT; glycine N-methyltransferase isoform X1 [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]

113928974

ALDH7A1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]

113929184

AGXT2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]

113929215

[KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]

113929554

BHMT; betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]

113929748

DMGDH; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]

113930699

[KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]

113930864

[KO:K02437]

113930879

ALAS2; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]

113930952

MAOB; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B isoform X1 [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]

113931900

PHGDH; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]

113933684

PSPH; phosphoserine phosphatase isoform X1 [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]

113933946

SARDH; sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]

113934656

[KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]

113934774

GLDC; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]

113934877

GRHPR; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]

113936036

GCSH; glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]

113938199

[KO:K02437]

113938955

[KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]

113939057

[KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]

113939058

AOC3; membrane primary amine oxidase [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]

113939199

SRR; serine racemase isoform X1 [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]

113939415

PIPOX; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]

113939537

AOC2; retina-specific copper amine oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]

Compound

C00011

CO2

C00014

Ammonia

C00022

Pyruvate

C00037

Glycine

C00048

Glyoxylate

C00049

L-Aspartate

C00065

L-Serine

C00078

L-Tryptophan

C00097

L-Cysteine

C00101

Tetrahydrofolate

C00109

2-Oxobutanoate

C00114

Choline

C00143

5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate

C00168

Hydroxypyruvate

C00188

L-Threonine

C00197

3-Phospho-D-glycerate

C00213

Sarcosine

C00258

D-Glycerate

C00263

L-Homoserine

C00300

Creatine

C00430

5-Aminolevulinate

C00441

L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde

C00546

Methylglyoxal

C00576

Betaine aldehyde

C00581

Guanidinoacetate

C00631

2-Phospho-D-glycerate

C00719

Betaine

C00740

D-Serine

C00986

1,3-Diaminopropane

C01005

O-Phospho-L-serine

C01026

N,N-Dimethylglycine

C01102

O-Phospho-L-homoserine

C01242

[Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine

C01888

Aminoacetone

C02051

Lipoylprotein

C02291

L-Cystathionine

C02737

Phosphatidylserine

C02972

Dihydrolipoylprotein

C03082

4-Phospho-L-aspartate

C03194

(R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol

C03232

3-Phosphonooxypyruvate

C03283

L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate

C03508

L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid

C05519

L-Allothreonine

C06231

Ectoine

C06442

N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate

C16432

5-Hydroxyectoine

C19929

N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate

Reference

Authors

Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).

Title

[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)

Journal

Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)

Reference

PMID:11823218

Authors

Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.

Title

Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.

Journal

Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002

Reference

PMID:10473374

Authors

Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.

Title

Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.

Journal

Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999

Reference

PMID:17636255

Authors

Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.

Title

Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.

Journal

J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200

Reference

PMID:16707670

Authors

Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.

Title

The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.

Journal

J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06

Reference

PMID:15470257

Authors

Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J

Title

FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.

Journal

Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004

Reference

PMID:7639721