Entry
Name
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - Equus caballus (horse)
Description
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. In 90% of patients, ALS is sporadic, with no clear genetic linkage. On the other hand, the remaining 10% of cases show familial inheritance, with mutations in SOD1, TDP43(TARDBP), FUS, or C9orf72 genes being the most frequent causes. In spite of such difference, familial ALS and sporadic ALS have similarities in their pathological features. Proposed disease mechanisms contributing to motor neuron degeneration in ALS are: impaired proteostasis, aberrant RNA processing, mitochondrial disfunction and oxidative stress, microglia activation, and axonal dysfunction.
Class
Human Diseases; Neurodegenerative disease
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Organism
Equus caballus (horse) [GN:
ecb ]
Gene
100057691 NDUFV3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial isoform X4 [KO:K03944 ]
100058835 NDUFA1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03945 ]
100061811 NDUFA2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 [KO:K03946 ]
111772123 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2-like [KO:K03946 ]
111767785 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2-like [KO:K03946 ]
111767790 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 [KO:K03946 ]
100052169 NDUFA3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03947 ]
100052985 NDUFA4L2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2 [KO:K03948 ]
100071532 NDUFA5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5 [KO:K03949 ]
100066991 NDUFA7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03951 ]
100067562 NDUFA8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8 [KO:K03952 ]
100051504 NDUFA9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial [KO:K03953 ]
100057698 NDUFA10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03954 ]
100069079 NDUFAB1; acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03955 ]
100065070 NDUFA12; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12 [KO:K11352 ]
100146253 NDUFA13; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13 [KO:K11353 ]
100630425 NDUFB1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03957 ]
100064695 NDUFB2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03958 ]
100067936 NDUFB3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03959 ]
100070815 NDUFB4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4 [KO:K03960 ]
100058402 NDUFB5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial [KO:K03961 ]
100630340 NDUFB6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03962 ]
100064992 NDUFB7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 7 isoform X2 [KO:K03963 ]
100060451 NDUFB8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03964 ]
100057623 NDUFB9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9 [KO:K03965 ]
100065553 NDUFB10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 [KO:K03966 ]
100060719 NDUFB11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial [KO:K11351 ]
100066330 NDUFS1; NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K03934 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
100066089 NDUFS2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03935 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
100058223 NDUFS3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03936 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
100063168 NDUFS4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03937 ]
100054377 NDUFS5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 [KO:K03938 ]
100071879 NDUFS6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial [KO:K03939 ]
100068855 NDUFS7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial [KO:K03940 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
100053392 NDUFS8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03941 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
100629515 NDUFC1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K03967 ]
100034244 SDHA; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00234 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
100050091 SDHB; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial [KO:K00235 ] [EC:1.3.5.1 ]
100065940 SDHC; succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial isoform X3 [KO:K00236 ]
100629334 SDHD; succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00237 ]
100053786 UQCRC1; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 1, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K00414 ]
100057847 UQCRC2; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00415 ]
100051878 cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 6, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K00416 ]
100053548 COX4I2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 2, mitochondrial [KO:K02263 ]
100056171 COX4I1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial [KO:K02263 ]
100051391 COX5A; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial [KO:K02264 ]
100061973 COX5B; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial [KO:K02265 ]
100053420 COX6A1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1, mitochondrial [KO:K02266 ]
100063197 COX6A2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2, mitochondrial [KO:K02266 ]
100053736 COX7A2L; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A-related protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02270 ]
100630209 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: uncharacterized protein LOC100630209 [KO:K02270 ]
100629332 COX7B2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B2, mitochondrial [KO:K02271 ]
100069978 ATP5F1C; ATP synthase subunit gamma, mitochondrial isoform X3 [KO:K02136 ]
100058893 ATP5PB; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit B1, mitochondrial [KO:K02127 ]
100069523 ATP5MC1; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K02128 ]
100053347 ATP5MC3; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C3, mitochondrial [KO:K02128 ]
100064131 ATP5MC2; ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C2, mitochondrial [KO:K02128 ]
100052170 ATP5PD; ATP synthase subunit d, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K02138 ]
100066379 ATP5PF; ATP synthase-coupling factor 6, mitochondrial [KO:K02131 ]
100062974 VDAC1; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 [KO:K05862 ]
100066580 TOMM40L; mitochondrial import receptor subunit TOM40B isoform X1 [KO:K11518 ]
100146715 TOMM40; mitochondrial import receptor subunit TOM40 homolog [KO:K11518 ]
100070639 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: mitochondrial import receptor subunit TOM40 homolog [KO:K11518 ]
100146217 MAP1LC3A; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A [KO:K10435 ]
100060830 MAP1LC3C; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C [KO:K10435 ]
102147898 microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3 beta 2-like [KO:K10435 ]
102150519 microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3 beta 2-like [KO:K10435 ]
100630367 MAP1LC3B; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435 ]
100051339 TANK; TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator isoform X4 [KO:K12650 ]
100050327 RB1CC1; RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17589 ]
100050652 AMBRA1; activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 isoform X5 [KO:K17985 ]
100050443 ATG14; beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889 ]
100050653 ATG2A; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog A isoform X4 [KO:K17906 ]
100054652 ATG2B; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B isoform X1 [KO:K17906 ]
100053194 WIPI1; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K17908 ]
100060823 WIPI2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17908 ]
100061732 RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04392 ]
100070130 CHMP2B; charged multivesicular body protein 2b isoform X1 [KO:K12192 ]
100057357 PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
100067434 PPP3CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X4 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
100072862 PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
100053987 PSMC5; 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 8 isoform X1 [KO:K03066 ]
100059081 PSMD2; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 2 [KO:K03028 ]
100057015 PSMD1; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 1 isoform X2 [KO:K03032 ]
100147612 PSMD3; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 3 [KO:K03033 ]
100058668 PSMD9; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 9 [KO:K06693 ]
100063689 PSMD12; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 12 [KO:K03035 ]
100071770 PSMD11; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 11 [KO:K03036 ]
100055920 PSMD6; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 6 [KO:K03037 ]
100067363 PSMD7; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 7 [KO:K03038 ]
100050948 PSMD13; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 13 [KO:K03039 ]
100216429 PSMD4; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K03029 ]
100051409 PSMD14; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 14 isoform X2 [KO:K03030 ]
100064192 PSMD8; 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 8 [KO:K03031 ]
102150324 SEM1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 26S proteasome complex subunit SEM1 [KO:K10881 ]
100066794 HNRNPA3; heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A3 isoform X1 [KO:K12741 ]
100068539 HNRNPA2B1; heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins A2/B1 isoform X1 [KO:K13158 ]
100064523 NCBP1; nuclear cap-binding protein subunit 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12882 ]
100066078 NUP153; nuclear pore complex protein Nup153 isoform X1 [KO:K14296 ]
100052986 NUP98; nuclear pore complex protein Nup98-Nup96 isoform X2 [KO:K14297 ]
100065427 NUP133; nuclear pore complex protein Nup133 isoform X1 [KO:K14300 ]
100059287 NUP107; nuclear pore complex protein Nup107 isoform X1 [KO:K14301 ]
100060548 NUP62CL; nucleoporin-62 C-terminal-like protein isoform X1 [KO:K14306 ]
100064995 NUP205; nuclear pore complex protein Nup205 isoform X1 [KO:K14310 ]
100055192 NUP210; nuclear pore membrane glycoprotein 210 isoform X1 [KO:K14314 ]
100056659 NUP210L; nuclear pore membrane glycoprotein 210-like isoform X6 [KO:K14314 ]
100061320 POM121C; nuclear envelope pore membrane protein POM 121C isoform X1 [KO:K14316 ]
100069634 NUP214; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nuclear pore complex protein Nup214 [KO:K14317 ]
100060826 E3 SUMO-protein ligase RanBP2 isoform X1 [KO:K12172 ] [EC:2.3.2.-]
100629759 CHCHD10; coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain-containing protein 10, mitochondrial [KO:K22759 ]
100056253 VAPB; vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein B/C isoform X1 [KO:K10707 ]
111773414 ATF6; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 alpha [KO:K09054 ]
100052709 EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237 ]
100070334 ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374 ]
100053019 ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960 ]
100059548 TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158 ]
100055840 TNFRSF1B; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1B isoform X3 [KO:K05141 ]
100069142 DNALI1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: axonemal dynein light intermediate polypeptide 1 [KO:K10410 ]
100068649 DNAI1; dynein intermediate chain 1, axonemal isoform X1 [KO:K10409 ]
100060918 DNAI2; dynein intermediate chain 2, axonemal isoform X1 [KO:K11143 ]
100067133 SLC1A2; excitatory amino acid transporter 2 isoform X4 [KO:K05613 ]
100059861 GRIN1; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05208 ]
100051329 GRIN2A; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A isoform X1 [KO:K05209 ]
100052410 GRIN2C; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C isoform X1 [KO:K05211 ]
100061417 NRG1; pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform isoform X4 [KO:K05455 ]
100072444 NRG2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: pro-neuregulin-2, membrane-bound isoform [KO:K05456 ]
100630158 NRG4; pro-neuregulin-4, membrane-bound isoform isoform X1 [KO:K05458 ]
Compound
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
Reference
Authors
Brown RH, Al-Chalabi A
Title
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Webster CP, Smith EF, Shaw PJ, De Vos KJ
Title
Protein Homeostasis in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Therapeutic Opportunities?
Journal
Reference
Authors
Valko K, Ciesla L
Title
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Mathis S, Goizet C, Soulages A, Vallat JM, Masson GL
Title
Genetics of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A review.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Turner MR, Hardiman O, Benatar M, Brooks BR, Chio A, de Carvalho M, Ince PG, Lin C, Miller RG, Mitsumoto H, Nicholson G, Ravits J, Shaw PJ, Swash M, Talbot K, Traynor BJ, Van den Berg LH, Veldink JH, Vucic S, Kiernan MC
Title
Controversies and priorities in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pasinelli P, Brown RH
Title
Molecular biology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: insights from genetics.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Goodall EF, Morrison KE
Title
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (motor neuron disease): proposed mechanisms and pathways to treatment.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Smith EF, Shaw PJ, De Vos KJ
Title
The role of mitochondria in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kodavati M, Wang H, Hegde ML
Title
Altered Mitochondrial Dynamics in Motor Neuron Disease: An Emerging Perspective.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hervias I, Beal MF, Manfredi G
Title
Mitochondrial dysfunction and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bacman SR, Bradley WG, Moraes CT
Title
Mitochondrial involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: trigger or target?
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lin MT, Beal MF
Title
Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bendotti C, Bao Cutrona M, Cheroni C, Grignaschi G, Lo Coco D, Peviani M, Tortarolo M, Veglianese P, Zennaro E
Title
Inter- and intracellular signaling in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Simpson EP, Yen AA, Appel SH
Title
Oxidative Stress: a common denominator in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bendotti C, Carri MT
Title
Lessons from models of SOD1-linked familial ALS.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Robertson J, Kriz J, Nguyen MD, Julien JP
Title
Pathways to motor neuron degeneration in transgenic mouse models.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Eve DJ, Dennis JS, Citron BA
Title
Transcription factor p53 in degenerating spinal cords.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bahar E, Kim H, Yoon H
Title
ER Stress-Mediated Signaling: Action Potential and Ca(2+) as Key Players.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bezprozvanny I
Title
Calcium signaling and neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
von Lewinski F, Keller BU
Title
Ca2+, mitochondria and selective motoneuron vulnerability: implications for ALS.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Julien JP.
Title
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. unfolding the toxicity of the misfolded.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hand CK, Rouleau GA
Title
Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Barber SC, Mead RJ, Shaw PJ
Title
Oxidative stress in ALS: a mechanism of neurodegeneration and a therapeutic target.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Prasad A, Bharathi V, Sivalingam V, Girdhar A, Patel BK
Title
Molecular Mechanisms of TDP-43 Misfolding and Pathology in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Nguyen DKH, Thombre R, Wang J
Title
Autophagy as a common pathway in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lee JK, Shin JH, Lee JE, Choi EJ
Title
Role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Oakes JA, Davies MC, Collins MO
Title
TBK1: a new player in ALS linking autophagy and neuroinflammation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ramesh N, Pandey UB
Title
Autophagy Dysregulation in ALS: When Protein Aggregates Get Out of Hand.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kunita R, Otomo A, Mizumura H, Suzuki-Utsunomiya K, Hadano S, Ikeda JE
Title
The Rab5 activator ALS2/alsin acts as a novel Rac1 effector through Rac1-activated endocytosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hadano S, Kunita R, Otomo A, Suzuki-Utsunomiya K, Ikeda JE
Title
Molecular and cellular function of ALS2/alsin: implication of membrane dynamics in neuronal development and degeneration.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ruffoli R, Bartalucci A, Frati A, Fornai F
Title
Ultrastructural studies of ALS mitochondria connect altered function and permeability with defects of mitophagy and mitochondriogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Menzies FM, Fleming A, Rubinsztein DC
Title
Compromised autophagy and neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Casterton RL, Hunt RJ, Fanto M
Title
Pathomechanism Heterogeneity in the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia Disease Spectrum: Providing Focus Through the Lens of Autophagy.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lin G, Mao D, Bellen HJ
Title
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Pathogenesis Converges on Defects in Protein Homeostasis Associated with TDP-43 Mislocalization and Proteasome-Mediated Degradation Overload.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hetz C, Mollereau B
Title
Disturbance of endoplasmic reticulum proteostasis in neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Xiang C, Wang Y, Zhang H, Han F
Title
The role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in neurodegenerative disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hughes D, Mallucci GR
Title
The unfolded protein response in neurodegenerative disorders - therapeutic modulation of the PERK pathway.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Doyle KM, Kennedy D, Gorman AM, Gupta S, Healy SJ, Samali A
Title
Unfolded proteins and endoplasmic reticulum stress in neurodegenerative disorders.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Turner BJ, Atkin JD
Title
ER stress and UPR in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Nishitoh H, Kadowaki H, Nagai A, Maruyama T, Yokota T, Fukutomi H, Noguchi T, Matsuzawa A, Takeda K, Ichijo H
Title
ALS-linked mutant SOD1 induces ER stress- and ASK1-dependent motor neuron death by targeting Derlin-1.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Walker AK, Atkin JD
Title
Stress signaling from the endoplasmic reticulum: A central player in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Renaud L, Picher-Martel V, Codron P, Julien JP
Title
Key role of UBQLN2 in pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Nguyen HP, Van Broeckhoven C, van der Zee J
Title
ALS Genes in the Genomic Era and their Implications for FTD.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Atkin G, Paulson H
Title
Ubiquitin pathways in neurodegenerative disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kim JM, Billington E, Reyes A, Notarianni T, Sage J, Agbas E, Taylor M, Monast I, Stanford JA, Agbas A
Title
Impaired Cu-Zn Superoxide Dismutase (SOD1) and Calcineurin (Cn) Interaction in ALS: A Presumed Consequence for TDP-43 and Zinc Aggregation in Tg SOD1(G93A) Rodent Spinal Cord Tissue.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Benarroch EE
Title
Sigma-1 receptor and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Millecamps S, Julien JP
Title
Axonal transport deficits and neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal
Related pathway
ecb04141 Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
ecb04810 Regulation of actin cytoskeleton
KO pathway
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