KEGG   PATHWAY: fca04974
Entry
fca04974                    Pathway                                
Name
Protein digestion and absorption - Felis catus (domestic cat)
Description
Protein is a dietary component essential for nutritional homeostasis in humans. Normally, ingested protein undergoes a complex series of degradative processes following the action of gastric, pancreatic and small intestinal enzymes. The result of this proteolytic activity is a mixture of amino acids and small peptides. Amino acids (AAs) are transported into the enterocyte (intestinal epithelial cell) by a variety of AA transporters that are specific for cationic (basic) AA, neutral AA, and anionic (acidic) AA. Small peptides are absorbed into enterocytes by the PEPT1 transporter. Inside enterocytes peptides are hydrolyzed, and the resulting amino acids are released together with those absorbed by AA transporters into blood via multiple, basolateral, AA transporters. Hydrolysis-resistant peptides, however, are transported out of the cells by a basolateral peptide transporter that has not been identified molecularly.
Class
Organismal Systems; Digestive system
Pathway map
fca04974  Protein digestion and absorption
fca04974

Other DBs
GO: 0044256 0050892
Organism
Felis catus (domestic cat) [GN:fca]
Gene
101080826  [KO:K06002] [EC:3.4.23.1]
101081054  SLC8A3; sodium/calcium exchanger 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
101081156  COL6A1; collagen alpha-1(VI) chain [KO:K06238]
101081323  COL6A3; collagen alpha-3(VI) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06238]
101081858  ATP1B1; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1 [KO:K01540]
101082116  CPB2; carboxypeptidase B2 [KO:K01300] [EC:3.4.17.20]
101082193  COL5A1; collagen alpha-1(V) chain isoform X1 [KO:K19721]
101082429  CPA3; mast cell carboxypeptidase A [KO:K08780] [EC:3.4.17.1]
101082470  SLC9A3; sodium/hydrogen exchanger 3 isoform X3 [KO:K12040]
101082684  CPB1; carboxypeptidase B [KO:K01291] [EC:3.4.17.2]
101083348  SLC38A2; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 isoform X2 [KO:K14207]
101083695  ATP1A1; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
101084169  COL22A1; collagen alpha-1(XXII) chain isoform X1 [KO:K16630]
101085209  COL11A2; collagen alpha-2(XI) chain isoform X5 [KO:K19721]
101085375  KCNK5; potassium channel subfamily K member 5 isoform X1 [KO:K04916]
101085453  [KO:K01312] [EC:3.4.21.4]
101085707  PRSS2; trypsin-2 [KO:K01312] [EC:3.4.21.4]
101086148  COL9A1; collagen alpha-1(IX) chain [KO:K08131]
101086496  COL18A1; collagen alpha-1(XVIII) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06823]
101087093  FXYD2; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit gamma isoform X2 [KO:K01538]
101087159  SLC16A10; monocarboxylate transporter 10 isoform X1 [KO:K08187]
101087210  ATP1B4; protein ATP1B4 isoform X2 [KO:K01540]
101087493  COL2A1; collagen alpha-1(II) chain isoform X1 [KO:K19719]
101087512  COL4A3; collagen alpha-3(IV) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06237]
101087516  MME; neprilysin [KO:K01389] [EC:3.4.24.11]
101087762  COL8A2; collagen alpha-2(VIII) chain isoform X1 [KO:K23455]
101088143  COL5A3; collagen alpha-3(V) chain isoform X3 [KO:K19721]
101088185  SLC36A4; proton-coupled amino acid transporter 4 isoform X2 [KO:K14209]
101088825  CPA2; carboxypeptidase A2 isoform X1 [KO:K01298] [EC:3.4.17.15]
101089149  MEP1B; meprin A subunit beta [KO:K08606] [EC:3.4.24.63]
101089191  COL10A1; collagen alpha-1(X) chain [KO:K19479]
101089247  COL7A1; collagen alpha-1(VII) chain isoform X1 [KO:K16628]
101089271  SLC7A7; Y+L amino acid transporter 1 [KO:K13867]
101089359  COL19A1; collagen alpha-1(XIX) chain isoform X1 [KO:K24340]
101089428  COL1A2; collagen alpha-2(I) chain [KO:K06236]
101089498  COL4A6; collagen alpha-6(IV) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06237]
101089929  CPA1; carboxypeptidase A1 isoform X1 [KO:K08779] [EC:3.4.17.1]
101090163  COL26A1; collagen alpha-1(XXVI) chain isoform X1 [KO:K24358]
101090244  XPNPEP2; xaa-Pro aminopeptidase 2 [KO:K14208] [EC:3.4.11.9]
101090475  KCNN4; intermediate conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 4 [KO:K04945]
101090567  SLC1A5; neutral amino acid transporter B(0) [KO:K05616]
101090632  COL9A2; collagen alpha-2(IX) chain [KO:K08131]
101091067  CTRL; chymotrypsin-like protease CTRL-1 [KO:K09632] [EC:3.4.21.-]
101091168  [KO:K01310] [EC:3.4.21.1]
101091469  COL4A4; collagen alpha-4(IV) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06237]
101092138  COL6A5; collagen alpha-5(VI) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06238]
101092216  COL1A1; collagen alpha-1(I) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06236]
101092316  SLC7A9; B(0,+)-type amino acid transporter 1 isoform X3 [KO:K13868]
101092628  COL11A1; collagen alpha-1(XI) chain isoform X1 [KO:K19721]
101092644  KCNQ1; potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04926]
101092700  COL24A1; collagen alpha-1(XXIV) chain isoform X1 [KO:K19721]
101093002  COL4A5; collagen alpha-5(IV) chain isoform X4 [KO:K06237]
101093359  COL12A1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: collagen alpha-1(XII) chain [KO:K08132]
101093546  SLC3A2; 4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain [KO:K06519]
101093810  COL15A1; collagen alpha-1(XV) chain isoform X2 [KO:K08135]
101093909  ELN; elastin isoform X2 [KO:K14211]
101094106  SLC7A8; large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 2 isoform X1 [KO:K13781]
101094205  KCNE3; potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 3 [KO:K04897]
101094275  [KO:K01345] [EC:3.4.21.70]
101094584  SLC3A1; neutral and basic amino acid transport protein rBAT isoform X1 [KO:K14210]
101095676  COL6A6; collagen alpha-6(VI) chain [KO:K06238]
101095996  COL16A1; collagen alpha-1(XVI) chain isoform X1 [KO:K24339]
101096030  COL4A1; collagen alpha-1(IV) chain isoform X2 [KO:K06237]
101096125  [KO:K01310] [EC:3.4.21.1]
101096163  [KO:K06238]
101096282  COL4A2; collagen alpha-2(IV) chain [KO:K06237]
101096371  [KO:K01310] [EC:3.4.21.1]
101096375  ATP1A4; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-4 isoform X1 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
101096712  COL28A1; collagen alpha-1(XXVIII) chain [KO:K23619]
101096785  [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
101096849  COL17A1; collagen alpha-1(XVII) chain isoform X1 [KO:K07603]
101097586  ATP1B3; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K01540]
101097726  COL21A1; collagen alpha-1(XXI) chain isoform X1 [KO:K16629]
101097856  SLC8A2; sodium/calcium exchanger 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
101098078  COL8A1; collagen alpha-1(VIII) chain [KO:K23455]
101098263  COL27A1; collagen alpha-1(XXVII) chain isoform X5 [KO:K19721]
101098427  COL23A1; collagen alpha-1(XXIII) chain isoform X4 [KO:K24355]
101098656  COL13A1; collagen alpha-1(XIII) chain isoform X11 [KO:K16617]
101098925  COL14A1; collagen alpha-1(XIV) chain isoform X1 [KO:K08133]
101099823  COL3A1; collagen alpha-1(III) chain [KO:K19720]
101099825  KCNJ13; inward rectifier potassium channel 13 isoform X1 [KO:K05006]
101099844  SLC1A1; excitatory amino acid transporter 3 [KO:K05612]
101100072  COL5A2; collagen alpha-2(V) chain [KO:K19721]
101100108  SLC36A1; proton-coupled amino acid transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K14209]
101100174  SLC15A1; solute carrier family 15 member 1 [KO:K14206]
101100258  ATP1B2; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2 isoform X3 [KO:K01540]
101100365  SLC36A2; proton-coupled amino acid transporter 2 [KO:K14209]
101100619  SLC36A3; proton-coupled amino acid transporter 3 isoform X1 [KO:K14209]
101100658  COL6A2; collagen alpha-2(VI) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06238]
101100665  PRCP; lysosomal Pro-X carboxypeptidase isoform X1 [KO:K01285] [EC:3.4.16.2]
101101056  MEP1A; meprin A subunit alpha [KO:K01395] [EC:3.4.24.18]
101101211  [KO:K13868]
101101555  COL20A1; collagen alpha-1(XX) chain isoform X8 [KO:K24357]
105260507  COL25A1; collagen alpha-1(XXV) chain isoform X1 [KO:K24356]
111559739  COL9A3; collagen alpha-3(IX) chain [KO:K08131]
123380628  SLC6A19; sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT1 [KO:K05334]
493787  DPP4; dipeptidyl peptidase 4 [KO:K01278] [EC:3.4.14.5]
493807  SLC8A1; sodium/calcium exchanger 1 precursor [KO:K05849]
493954  [KO:K06002] [EC:3.4.23.1]
554349  ACE2; angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 precursor [KO:K09708] [EC:3.4.17.23]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00033  Acetate
C00037  Glycine
C00041  L-Alanine
C00047  L-Lysine
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00062  L-Arginine
C00064  L-Glutamine
C00065  L-Serine
C00073  L-Methionine
C00076  Calcium cation
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00079  L-Phenylalanine
C00080  H+
C00082  L-Tyrosine
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00099  beta-Alanine
C00123  L-Leucine
C00134  Putrescine
C00135  L-Histidine
C00146  Phenol
C00148  L-Proline
C00152  L-Asparagine
C00163  Propanoate
C00183  L-Valine
C00188  L-Threonine
C00238  Potassium cation
C00246  Butanoic acid
C00282  Hydrogen
C00388  Histamine
C00407  L-Isoleucine
C00463  Indole
C00483  Tyramine
C00491  L-Cystine
C01327  Hydrochloric acid
C01330  Sodium cation
C01438  Methane
C01468  4-Cresol
C01672  Cadaverine
C01746  Piperidine
C02632  2-Methylpropanoate
C05996  Branched chain fatty acid
C08262  3-Methylbutanoic acid
C16138  L-Pyrrolysine
C18319  2-Methylbutyrate
Reference
PMID:18195088
  Authors
Broer S
  Title
Amino acid transport across mammalian intestinal and renal epithelia.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 88:249-86 (2008)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00018.2006
Reference
PMID:15772300
  Authors
Palacin M, Nunes V, Font-Llitjos M, Jimenez-Vidal M, Fort J, Gasol E, Pineda M, Feliubadalo L, Chillaron J, Zorzano A
  Title
The genetics of heteromeric amino acid transporters.
  Journal
Physiology (Bethesda) 20:112-24 (2005)
DOI:10.1152/physiol.00051.2004
Reference
PMID:20522896
  Authors
Goodman BE
  Title
Insights into digestion and absorption of major nutrients in humans.
  Journal
Adv Physiol Educ 34:44-53 (2010)
DOI:10.1152/advan.00094.2009
Reference
PMID:11546643
  Authors
Wagner CA, Lang F, Broer S
  Title
Function and structure of heterodimeric amino acid transporters.
  Journal
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 281:C1077-93 (2001)
DOI:10.1152/ajpcell.2001.281.4.C1077
Reference
PMID:18400692
  Authors
Broer S
  Title
Apical transporters for neutral amino acids: physiology and pathophysiology.
  Journal
Physiology (Bethesda) 23:95-103 (2008)
DOI:10.1152/physiol.00045.2007
Reference
PMID:9687539
  Authors
Wu G
  Title
Intestinal mucosal amino acid catabolism.
  Journal
J Nutr 128:1249-52 (1998)
DOI:10.1093/jn/128.8.1249
Reference
PMID:14977407
  Authors
Daniel H
  Title
Molecular and integrative physiology of intestinal peptide transport.
  Journal
Annu Rev Physiol 66:361-84 (2004)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.physiol.66.032102.144149
Reference
PMID:12237156
  Authors
Rubio-Aliaga I, Daniel H
  Title
Mammalian peptide transporters as targets for drug delivery.
  Journal
Trends Pharmacol Sci 23:434-40 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0165-6147(02)02072-2
Reference
PMID:7937532
  Authors
Bai JP
  Title
Distribution of brush-border membrane peptidases along the rat intestine.
  Journal
Pharm Res 11:897-900 (1994)
DOI:10.1023/a:1018946228432
Reference
PMID:12583961
  Authors
Guarner F, Malagelada JR
  Title
Gut flora in health and disease.
  Journal
Lancet 361:512-9 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12489-0
Reference
PMID:16887608
  Authors
Smith EA, Macfarlane GT
  Title
Dissimilatory amino Acid metabolism in human colonic bacteria.
  Journal
Anaerobe 3:327-37 (1997)
DOI:10.1006/anae.1997.0121
Reference
PMID:20093818
  Authors
Schepers E, Glorieux G, Vanholder R
  Title
The gut: the forgotten organ in uremia?
  Journal
Blood Purif 29:130-6 (2010)
DOI:10.1159/000245639
Reference
  Authors
John H.Cummings
  Title
The large intestine in nutrition and disease
  Journal
Institut Danone
Reference
PMID:18626068
  Authors
Heitzmann D, Warth R
  Title
Physiology and pathophysiology of potassium channels in gastrointestinal epithelia.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 88:1119-82 (2008)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00020.2007
Related
pathway
fca00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
fca04530  Tight junction
fca04971  Gastric acid secretion
fca04972  Pancreatic secretion
KO pathway
ko04974   

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