KEGG   PATHWAY: lcat04730
Entry
lcat04730                   Pathway                                
Name
Long-term depression - Lemur catta (Ring-tailed lemur)
Description
Cerebellar long-term depression (LTD), thought to be a molecular and cellular basis for cerebellar learning, is a process involving a decrease in the synaptic strength between parallel fiber (PF) and Purkinje cells (PCs) induced by the conjunctive activation of PFs and climbing fiber (CF). Multiple signal transduction pathways have been shown to be involved in this process. Activation of PFs terminating on spines in dendritic branchlets leads to glutamate release and activation of both AMPA and mGluRs. Activation of CFs, which make multiple synaptic contacts on proximal dendrites, also via AMPA receptors, opens voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) and causes a generalized influx of calcium. These cellular signals, generated from two different synaptic origins, trigger a cascade of events culminating in a phosphorylation-dependent, long-term reduction in AMPA receptor sensitivity at the PF-PC synapse. This may take place either through receptor internalization and/or through receptor desensitization.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
lcat04730  Long-term depression
lcat04730

Other DBs
GO: 0048169
Organism
Lemur catta (Ring-tailed lemur) [GN:lcat]
Gene
123620564  CRHR1; corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04578]
123621118  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
123622057  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
123622065  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
123622308  [KO:K04632]
123622310  [KO:K04632]
123623249  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
123623574  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
123624366  PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
123624371  RYR1; ryanodine receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04961]
123624632  PPP2R1A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform [KO:K03456]
123624654  PRKCG; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
123625313  GNAO1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04534]
123625693  GNAZ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(z) subunit alpha [KO:K04535]
123626228  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
123626251  NOS1; nitric oxide synthase, brain [KO:K13240] [EC:1.14.13.39]
123626658  PPP2CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
123626765  PLA2G4A; cytosolic phospholipase A2 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
123627256  GRID2; glutamate receptor ionotropic, delta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05207]
123627373  PRKG2; cGMP-dependent protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K19477] [EC:2.7.11.12]
123628103  GRIA3; glutamate receptor 3 [KO:K05199]
123628637  ARAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf isoform X1 [KO:K08845] [EC:2.7.11.1]
123629407  PLA2G4B; cytosolic phospholipase A2 beta isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
123630054  PLA2G4E; cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
123630120  PLA2G4D; cytosolic phospholipase A2 delta [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
123630132  PLA2G4F; cytosolic phospholipase A2 zeta isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
123631510  GNA12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12 [KO:K04346]
123631625  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
123632490  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
123632778  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
123632820  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960]
123633346  GRM1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04603]
123633418  GNA11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11 [KO:K04635]
123633863  [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
123633879  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
123635002  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-3 [KO:K04630]
123635081  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
123637429  CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A isoform X1 [KO:K04344]
123637775  PPP2CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
123638043  GRIA1; glutamate receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05197]
123638125  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
123638509  GUCY1A1; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-1 [KO:K12318] [EC:4.6.1.2]
123638510  GUCY1B1; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K12319] [EC:4.6.1.2]
123638517  GRIA2; glutamate receptor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05198]
123639374  IGF1; insulin-like growth factor I isoform X1 [KO:K05459]
123639915  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04959]
123639921  KRAS; GTPase KRas [KO:K07827]
123641430  PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
123641707  PPP2R1B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K03456]
123641753  GUCY1A2; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K12318] [EC:4.6.1.2]
123642937  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
123644481  CRH; corticoliberin [KO:K05256]
123644610  LYN; tyrosine-protein kinase Lyn isoform X1 [KO:K05854] [EC:2.7.10.2]
123645036  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
123646308  GNAQ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634]
123646850  PPP1R17; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 17 [KO:K08067]
123647150  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
123647642  BRAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf isoform X1 [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
123649083  [KO:K12319] [EC:4.6.1.2]
123650455  PRKG1; cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K07376] [EC:2.7.11.12]
123650582  GNA13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13 isoform X1 [KO:K04639]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00076  Calcium cation
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00219  Arachidonate
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00641  1,2-Diacyl-sn-glycerol
C00942  3',5'-Cyclic GMP
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01330  Sodium cation
Reference
PMID:12415297
  Authors
Ito M.
  Title
The molecular organization of cerebellar long-term depression.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 3:896-902 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nrn962
Reference
PMID:11427694
  Authors
Ito M.
  Title
Cerebellar long-term depression: characterization, signal transduction, and functional roles.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 81:1143-95 (2001)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.2001.81.3.1143
Reference
  Authors
Purves D, Augustine GJ (ed).
  Title
Neuroscience
  Journal
Sunderland, Mass.:Sinauer Associates (2004)
Reference
PMID:9735948
  Authors
Daniel H, Levenes C, Crepel F.
  Title
Cellular mechanisms of cerebellar LTD.
  Journal
Trends Neurosci 21:401-7 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-2236(98)01304-6
Reference
PMID:9602501
  Authors
Levenes C, Daniel H, Crepel F.
  Title
Long-term depression of synaptic transmission in the cerebellum: cellular and molecular mechanisms revisited.
  Journal
Prog Neurobiol 55:79-91 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S0301-0082(97)00096-8
Reference
PMID:14509570
  Authors
Metzger F, Kapfhammer JP.
  Title
Protein kinase C: its role in activity-dependent Purkinje cell dendritic development and plasticity.
  Journal
Cerebellum 2:206-14 (2003)
DOI:10.1080/14734220310016150
Related
pathway
lcat04020  Calcium signaling pathway
lcat04724  Glutamatergic synapse
KO pathway
ko04730   

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