KEGG   PATHWAY: asn00260
Entry
asn00260                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Alligator sinensis (Chinese alligator)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
asn00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
asn00260

Module
asn_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:asn00260]
asn_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:asn00260]
asn_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:asn00260]
asn_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:asn00260]
asn_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:asn00260]
asn_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:asn00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Alligator sinensis (Chinese alligator) [GN:asn]
Gene
102386472  probable low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 2 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
102387012  SHMT1; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic isoform X2 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
102370589  SHMT2; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
102379808  AGXT; serine--pyruvate aminotransferase [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
102368517  glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase-like isoform X1 [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
102371638  glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase-like isoform X1 [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
102386440  GLYCTK; glycerate kinase isoform X1 [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
102385468  PGAM2; phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
102383822  PGAM1; phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
102373803  BPGM; bisphosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
102385860  PHGDH; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
102388631  PSAT1; phosphoserine aminotransferase isoform X1 [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
102371338  PSPH; phosphoserine phosphatase isoform X1 [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
102386186  GCAT; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
102371230  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
102379535  ALAS1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
102375887  ALAS2; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
102369090  MAOA; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A isoform X1 [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
102375827  amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B isoform X1 [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
102381970  membrane primary amine oxidase-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
102386770  retina-specific copper amine oxidase-like isoform X1 [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
102370538  retina-specific copper amine oxidase [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
102370307  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: membrane primary amine oxidase-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
102383272  GLDC; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
102378616  AMT; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
102384951  DLD; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
102374901  GCSH; glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K02437]
102368994  DAO; D-amino-acid oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
102375742  AGXT2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
102388460  GATM; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
102376844  GAMT; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
102369972  CHDH; choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
102368427  ALDH7A1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
102378363  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
102383441  DMGDH; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
102373166  PIPOX; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
102387705  sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
102386281  glycine N-methyltransferase isoform X1 [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
102379548  cystathionine beta-synthase isoform X1 [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
102382178  cystathionine beta-synthase-like [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
102369692  CTH; cystathionine gamma-lyase [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
102368673  uncharacterized protein LOC102368673 isoform X2 [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
102384829  L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
102384566  SDSL; serine dehydratase-like isoform X2 [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
102375464  uncharacterized protein LOC102375464 isoform X1 [KO:K20498] [EC:4.3.1.18]
106723485  SRR; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine racemase [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
asn00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
asn00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
asn00230  Purine metabolism
asn00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
asn00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
asn00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
asn00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
asn00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
asn00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
asn00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
asn00620  Pyruvate metabolism
asn00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
asn00640  Propanoate metabolism
asn00860  Porphyrin metabolism
asn00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
LinkDB

DBGET integrated database retrieval system