KEGG PATHWAY: btw00270

PATHWAY: btw00270

Entry

btw00270                    Pathway

Name

Cysteine and methionine metabolism - Bacillus thuringiensis HD1011

Description

Cysteine and methionine are sulfur-containing amino acids. Cysteine is synthesized from serine through different pathways in different organism groups. In bacteria and plants, cysteine is converted from serine (via acetylserine) by transfer of hydrogen sulfide [MD:M00021]. In animals, methionine-derived homocysteine is used as sulfur source and its condensation product with serine (cystathionine) is converted to cysteine [MD:M00338]. Cysteine is metabolized to pyruvate in multiple routes. Methionine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, methionine is synthesized from aspartate [MD:M00017]. S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM), synthesized from methionine and ATP, is a methyl group donor in many important transfer reactions including DNA methylation for regulation of gene expression. SAM may also be used to regenerate methionine in the methionine salvage pathway [MD:M00034].

Class

Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism

Pathway map

btw00270

Cysteine and methionine metabolism

Module

btw_M00017

Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:btw00270]

btw_M00021

Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:btw00270]

btw_M00034

Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:btw00270]

btw_M00609

Cysteine biosynthesis, methionine => cysteine [PATH:btw00270]

Other DBs

GO:	0006534 0006555

Organism

Bacillus thuringiensis HD1011 [GN:btw]

Gene

BF38_1327

cysE; serine O-acetyltransferase [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]

BF38_1290

cysK; cysteine synthase A [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]

BF38_2995

cysK; cysteine synthase A [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]

BF38_126

mccB; cystathionine gamma-lyase [KO:K17217] [EC:4.4.1.1 4.4.1.2]

BF38_14

metC; cystathionine beta-lyase metC [KO:K01760] [EC:4.4.1.13]

BF38_665

patB; cystathionine beta-lyase PatB [KO:K14155] [EC:4.4.1.13]

BF38_127

mccA; O-acetylserine dependent cystathionine beta-synthase [KO:K17216] [EC:2.5.1.134]

BF38_11

metH; methionine synthase [KO:K00548] [EC:2.1.1.13]

BF38_12

homocysteine S-methyltransferase family protein [KO:K24042] [EC:2.1.1.13 1.5.1.54]

BF38_5174

metE; 5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate--homocysteine S-methyltransferase [KO:K00549] [EC:2.1.1.14]

BF38_526

metK; methionine adenosyltransferase [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]

BF38_939

speD; S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]

BF38_337

speD; S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]

BF38_938

spermine/spermidine synthase family protein [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]

BF38_1093

speE; spermidine synthase [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]

BF38_3746

mtnN; MTA/SAH nucleosidase [KO:K01243] [EC:3.2.2.9]

BF38_4031

mtnN; MTA/SAH nucleosidase [KO:K01243] [EC:3.2.2.9]

BF38_128

mtnN; MTA/SAH nucleosidase [KO:K01243] [EC:3.2.2.9]

BF38_1630

mtnK; 5-methylthioribose kinase [KO:K00899] [EC:2.7.1.100]

BF38_5206

mtnK; 5-methylthioribose kinase [KO:K00899] [EC:2.7.1.100]

BF38_5071

ylmd protein [KO:K05810] [EC:2.4.2.1 2.4.2.28 3.5.4.4]

BF38_3025

amidohydrolase family protein [KO:K12960] [EC:3.5.4.31 3.5.4.28]

BF38_1631

mtnA; S-methyl-5-thioribose-1-phosphate isomerase [KO:K08963] [EC:5.3.1.23]

BF38_5205

mtnA; S-methyl-5-thioribose-1-phosphate isomerase [KO:K08963] [EC:5.3.1.23]

BF38_5211

mtnB; methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase [KO:K08964] [EC:4.2.1.109]

BF38_2551

mtnB; methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase [KO:K08964] [EC:4.2.1.109]

BF38_5209

mtnW; 2,3-diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate enolase [KO:K08965] [EC:5.3.2.5]

BF38_5210

mtnX; 2-hydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate phosphatase [KO:K08966] [EC:3.1.3.87]

BF38_5212

ARD/ARD' family protein [KO:K08967] [EC:1.13.11.53 1.13.11.54]

BF38_5208

aminotransferase class I and II family protein [KO:K08969] [EC:2.6.1.117]

BF38_416

megL; methionine gamma-lyase [KO:K01761] [EC:4.4.1.11]

BF38_415

GAF domain protein [KO:K08968] [EC:1.8.4.14]

BF38_6218

dcm; DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase family protein [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]

BF38_129

methyltransferase domain protein [KO:K17462] [EC:2.1.1.-]

BF38_552

luxS; S-ribosylhomocysteine lyase [KO:K07173] [EC:4.4.1.21]

BF38_2977

aspartate kinase, monofunctional class [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]

BF38_4969

aspartate kinase, monofunctional class [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]

BF38_3613

asd; aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]

BF38_4970

asd; aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]

BF38_1127

ACT domain protein [KO:K00003] [EC:1.1.1.3]

BF38_3182

homoserine dehydrogenase, NAD binding domain protein [KO:K00003] [EC:1.1.1.3]

BF38_3790

homoserine dehydrogenase, NAD binding domain protein [KO:K00003] [EC:1.1.1.3]

BF38_1128

metA; homoserine O-succinyltransferase [KO:K00651] [EC:2.3.1.46 2.3.1.31]

BF38_493

alpha/beta hydrolase fold family protein [KO:K00641] [EC:2.3.1.31 2.3.1.46]

BF38_13

metB; cystathionine gamma-synthase [KO:K01739] [EC:2.5.1.48]

BF38_1129

O-acetylhomoserine aminocarboxypropyltransferase/cysteine synthase family protein [KO:K01740] [EC:2.5.1.49]

BF38_3008

ilvE; branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]

BF38_2616

ilvE; branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]

BF38_2764

aspartate aminotransferase [KO:K00812] [EC:2.6.1.1]

BF38_2794

rhodanese-like domain protein [KO:K01011] [EC:2.8.1.1 2.8.1.2]

BF38_3142

L-lactate dehydrogenase [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]

BF38_625

L-lactate dehydrogenase [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]

BF38_756

L-lactate dehydrogenase [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]

BF38_514

aspartate racemase family protein [KO:K25316] [EC:5.1.1.10]

BF38_3428

aspartate racemase family protein [KO:K25316] [EC:5.1.1.10]

BF38_4384

pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme, D-cysteine desulfhydrase family protein [KO:K05396] [EC:4.4.1.15]

BF38_348

mdh; malate dehydrogenase, NAD-dependent [KO:K00024] [EC:1.1.1.37]

BF38_4435

sdaAA; L-serine dehydratase, iron-sulfur-dependent, alpha subunit [KO:K01752] [EC:4.3.1.17]

BF38_4436

sdaAB; L-serine dehydratase, iron-sulfur-dependent, beta subunit [KO:K01752] [EC:4.3.1.17]

BF38_5310

sdaAA; L-serine dehydratase, iron-sulfur-dependent, alpha subunit [KO:K01752] [EC:4.3.1.17]

BF38_5311

sdaAB; L-serine dehydratase, iron-sulfur-dependent, beta subunit [KO:K01752] [EC:4.3.1.17]

BF38_4445

D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase, NAD binding domain protein [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]

BF38_4446

serC; phosphoserine transaminase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]

Compound

C00019

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine

C00021

S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine

C00022

Pyruvate

C00041

L-Alanine

C00049

L-Aspartate

C00051

Glutathione

C00059

Sulfate

C00065

L-Serine

C00073

L-Methionine

C00094

Sulfite

C00097

L-Cysteine

C00109

2-Oxobutanoate

C00155

L-Homocysteine

C00170

5'-Methylthioadenosine

C00197

3-Phospho-D-glycerate

C00263

L-Homoserine

C00283

Hydrogen sulfide

C00409

Methanethiol

C00441

L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde

C00491

L-Cystine

C00506

L-Cysteate

C00606

3-Sulfino-L-alanine

C00793

D-Cysteine

C00957

Mercaptopyruvate

C00979

O-Acetyl-L-serine

C01005

O-Phospho-L-serine

C01077

O-Acetyl-L-homoserine

C01118

O-Succinyl-L-homoserine

C01137

S-Adenosylmethioninamine

C01180

4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid

C01234

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate

C01817

L-Homocystine

C01962

Thiocysteine

C02218

Dehydroalanine

C02291

L-Cystathionine

C02356

(S)-2-Aminobutanoate

C02989

L-Methionine S-oxide

C03082

4-Phospho-L-aspartate

C03089

5-Methylthio-D-ribose

C03145

N-Formylmethionine

C03232

3-Phosphonooxypyruvate

C03431

S-Inosyl-L-homocysteine

C03539

S-Ribosyl-L-homocysteine

C04188

S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribose 1-phosphate

C04582

S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribulose 1-phosphate

C05324

Nicotianamine

C05524

Aminoacyl-L-methionine

C05526

S-Glutathionyl-L-cysteine

C05527

3-Sulfinylpyruvate

C05528

3-Sulfopyruvate

C05823

3-Mercaptolactate

C05824

S-Sulfo-L-cysteine

C06547

Ethylene

C08276

3-(Methylthio)propanoate

C09306

Sulfur dioxide

C11437

1-Deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

C11481

HSO3-

C11499

(S)-3-Sulfolactate

C11537

(2R)-3-Sulfolactate

C15606

1,2-Dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one

C15650

2,3-Diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate

C15651

2-Hydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate

C18049

N-Acyl-L-homoserine lactone

C19787

5'-S-Methyl-5'-thioinosine

C21015

gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-2-aminobutyrate

C21016

Ophthalmate

C22359

S-Methyl-1-thio-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

Reference

PMID:15102328

Authors

Sekowska A, Denervaud V, Ashida H, Michoud K, Haas D, Yokota A, Danchin A

Title

Bacterial variations on the methionine salvage pathway.

Journal

BMC Microbiol 4:9 (2004)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-4-9

Reference

PMID:14551435

Authors

Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Kobayashi K, Ogasawara N, Yokota A.

Title

A functional link between RuBisCO-like protein of Bacillus and photosynthetic RuBisCO.

Journal

Science 302:286-90 (2003)
DOI:10.1126/science.1086997

Reference

PMID:12022921

Authors

Sekowska A, Danchin A.

Title

The methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.

Journal

BMC Microbiol 2:8 (2002)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-2-8

Reference

PMID:12670965

Authors

Berger BJ, English S, Chan G, Knodel MH.

Title

Methionine regeneration and aminotransferases in Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus anthracis.

Journal

J Bacteriol 185:2418-31 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.8.2418-2431.2003

Reference

PMID:17169919

Authors

Goyer A, Collakova E, Shachar-Hill Y, Hanson AD

Title

Functional characterization of a methionine gamma-lyase in Arabidopsis and its implication in an alternative to the reverse trans-sulfuration pathway.

Journal

Plant Cell Physiol 48:232-42 (2007)
DOI:10.1093/pcp/pcl055

Reference

PMID:17030798

Authors

Rebeille F, Jabrin S, Bligny R, Loizeau K, Gambonnet B, Van Wilder V, Douce R, Ravanel S

Title

Methionine catabolism in Arabidopsis cells is initiated by a gamma-cleavage process and leads to S-methylcysteine and isoleucine syntheses.

Journal

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:15687-92 (2006)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0606195103

Reference

PMID:18625006

Authors

Pirkov I, Norbeck J, Gustafsson L, Albers E

Title

A complete inventory of all enzymes in the eukaryotic methionine salvage pathway.

Journal

FEBS J 275:4111-20 (2008)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06552.x

Reference

PMID:18391471

Authors

Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Yokota A

Title

Enzymatic characterization of 5-methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase of the methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.

Journal

Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 72:959-67 (2008)
DOI:10.1271/bbb.70651

Reference

PMID:10613873

Authors

Kitabatake M, So MW, Tumbula DL, Soll D

Title

Cysteine biosynthesis pathway in the archaeon Methanosarcina barkeri encoded by acquired bacterial genes?

Journal

J Bacteriol 182:143-5 (2000)
DOI:10.1128/JB.182.1.143-145.2000

Reference

PMID:12644499

Authors

Mino K, Ishikawa K

Title

Characterization of a novel thermostable O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase from Aeropyrum pernix K1.

Journal

J Bacteriol 185:2277-84 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.7.2277-2284.2003

Reference

PMID:18520135

Authors

Tanabe S

Title

Development of assay methods for endogenous inorganic sulfur compounds and sulfurtransferases and evaluation of the physiological functions of bound sulfur.

Journal

Yakugaku Zasshi 128:881-900 (2008)
DOI:10.1248/yakushi.128.881

Reference

Authors

Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).

Title

[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)

Journal

Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)

Reference

PMID:19270684

Authors