KEGG   PATHWAY: cdk00260
Entry
cdk00260                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Camelus dromedarius (Arabian camel)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
cdk00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
cdk00260

Module
cdk_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:cdk00260]
cdk_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:cdk00260]
cdk_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:cdk00260]
cdk_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:cdk00260]
cdk_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:cdk00260]
cdk_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:cdk00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Camelus dromedarius (Arabian camel) [GN:cdk]
Gene
105092200  probable low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 2 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
105098309  SHMT2; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
105100567  SHMT1; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic isoform X1 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
105096182  AGXT; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine--pyruvate aminotransferase [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
105102265  GRHPR; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
105093442  GLYCTK; glycerate kinase isoform X1 [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
105084280  PGAM1; phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
105103438  PGAM2; phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
105085404  BPGM; bisphosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
105089473  PHGDH; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase isoform X1 [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
105087417  PSAT1; phosphoserine aminotransferase isoform X1 [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
105089708  PSPH; phosphoserine phosphatase [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
105091964  GCAT; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
105101953  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
105093500  ALAS1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
105103536  ALAS2; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
105085263  amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
105085264  MAOB; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
105090482  AOC2; retina-specific copper amine oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
105090483  membrane primary amine oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
116147059  primary amine oxidase, liver isozyme-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
105105463  GLDC; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
105087705  AMT; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
105093042  DLD; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
105098417  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
105089435  GCSH; glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
116150789  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
116152133  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
105105351  DAO; D-amino-acid oxidase [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
105087007  AGXT2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
105101687  GATM; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
105104108  GAMT; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
105093165  CHDH; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
105089785  ALDH7A1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
105084827  BHMT; betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
105084826  DMGDH; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X10 [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
105088162  PIPOX; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
105102809  SARDH; sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
105088648  GNMT; glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
105105848  CBS; cystathionine beta-synthase isoform X1 [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
105096636  CTH; cystathionine gamma-lyase isoform X1 [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
105104928  SDS; L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
105104927  SDSL; serine dehydratase-like isoform X1 [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
105094392  SRR; serine racemase [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
cdk00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
cdk00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
cdk00230  Purine metabolism
cdk00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
cdk00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
cdk00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
cdk00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
cdk00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
cdk00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
cdk00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
cdk00620  Pyruvate metabolism
cdk00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
cdk00640  Propanoate metabolism
cdk00860  Porphyrin metabolism
cdk00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
LinkDB

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