KEGG   PATHWAY: csyr04924
Entry
csyr04924                   Pathway                                
Name
Renin secretion - Carlito syrichta (Philippine tarsier)
Description
The aspartyl-protease renin is the key regulator of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which is critically involved in extracellular fluid volume and blood pressure homeostasis of the body. Renin is synthesized, stored in, and released into circulation by the juxtaglomerular (JG) cells of the kidney. Secretion of renin from JG cells at the organ level is controlled by the four main mechanisms: the sympathetic nervous system, the local JG apparatus baroreflex, the macula densa mechanism, and several hormones acting locally within the JG apparatus. Renin secretion at the level of renal JG cells appears to be controlled mainly by classic second messengers, namely cAMP, cGMP, and free cytosolic calcium concentration. While cAMP generally stimulates renin release and the intracellular calcium concentration suppresses the exocytosis of renin, the effects of cGMP in the regulation of the renin system are more complex as it both may stimulate or inhibit renin release.
Class
Organismal Systems; Endocrine system
Pathway map
csyr04924  Renin secretion
csyr04924

Other DBs
GO: 0002001
Organism
Carlito syrichta (Philippine tarsier) [GN:csyr]
Gene
103266757  ADRB2; beta-2 adrenergic receptor [KO:K04142]
103274964  ADRB3; beta-3 adrenergic receptor [KO:K04143]
103274776  ADCYAP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide [KO:K05262]
103252837  ADCYAP1R1; pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor isoform X2 [KO:K04587]
110594793  AQP1; aquaporin-1 [KO:K09864]
103254433  PTGER4; prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype [KO:K04261]
103251768  neuroendocrine secretory protein 55 [KO:K04632]
103255823  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04632]
103254816  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103273462  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
103253311  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X2 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
103266092  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
103252293  CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870]
103261382  KCNMA1; calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04936]
103256541  PDE1A; calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1A [KO:K13755] [EC:3.1.4.17]
103267670  PDE1B; calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1B isoform X2 [KO:K13755] [EC:3.1.4.17]
103258180  PDE3A; cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase A [KO:K19021] [EC:3.1.4.17]
103270415  PDE3B; cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase B [KO:K13296] [EC:3.1.4.17]
103274411  REN; renin [KO:K01380] [EC:3.4.23.15]
103262817  ADORA1; adenosine receptor A1 [KO:K04265]
103263431  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(k) subunit alpha [KO:K04630]
103255466  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04630]
103264772  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
103275064  ORAI1; calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K16056]
103260672  CLCA1; calcium-activated chloride channel regulator 1 [KO:K05027]
103260673  CLCA2; calcium-activated chloride channel regulator 2 [KO:K05028]
103261872  epithelial chloride channel protein-like [KO:K05030]
103261873  CLCA4; calcium-activated chloride channel regulator 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05030]
103259018  CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C [KO:K04850]
103257199  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851]
103277252  CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F isoform X1 [KO:K04853]
103269543  CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S isoform X1 [KO:K04857]
103256321  KCNJ2; inward rectifier potassium channel 2 [KO:K04996]
103254108  EDN1; endothelin-1 [KO:K16366]
103274675  EDN2; endothelin-2 [KO:K16367]
103270005  EDN3; endothelin-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05227]
103267454  EDNRA; endothelin-1 receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04197]
103275580  AGTR1; type-1 angiotensin II receptor [KO:K04166]
103258399  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634]
103261218  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
103257479  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
103272341  PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
103275147  PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
103256992  inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958]
103261167  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 [KO:K04959]
103269243  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 [KO:K04960]
103250483  calmodulin-like isoform X3 [KO:K02183]
103255950  calmodulin-like [KO:K02183]
103257967  calmodulin-like [KO:K02183]
103252808  calmodulin isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
103261438  calmodulin-like [KO:K02183]
103264241  CALML4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: calmodulin-like protein 4 [KO:K02183]
103274844  CALML6; calmodulin-like protein 6 [KO:K02183]
103268605  calmodulin isoform X3 [KO:K02183]
103263669  PPP3CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
103265906  PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
103266637  PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
110595246  PPP3R1; calcineurin subunit B type 1 [KO:K06268]
103255431  PPP3R2; calcineurin subunit B type 2 [KO:K06268]
103250785  guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-2-like [KO:K12318] [EC:4.6.1.2]
103253703  GUCY1A3; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-3 isoform X1 [KO:K12318] [EC:4.6.1.2]
103253702  GUCY1B3; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K12319] [EC:4.6.1.2]
103268507  guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-2 [KO:K12319] [EC:4.6.1.2]
103266203  NPPA; natriuretic peptides A [KO:K12334]
103261740  atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 [KO:K12323] [EC:4.6.1.2]
103272881  PRKG2; cGMP-dependent protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K19477] [EC:2.7.11.12]
103275039  CTSB; cathepsin B [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
103276903  AGT; angiotensinogen [KO:K09821]
103265660  angiotensin-converting enzyme [KO:K01283] [EC:3.4.15.1]
Compound
C00001  H2O
C00002  ATP
C00008  ADP
C00020  AMP
C00076  Calcium cation
C00212  Adenosine
C00238  Potassium cation
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00547  L-Noradrenaline
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00584  Prostaglandin E2
C00698  Cl-
C00788  L-Adrenaline
C00873  Angiotensin I
C00942  3',5'-Cyclic GMP
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C02135  Angiotensin II
Reference
PMID:20936939
  Authors
Kurtz A
  Title
Renin release: sites, mechanisms, and control.
  Journal
Annu Rev Physiol 73:377-99 (2011)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-physiol-012110-142238
Reference
PMID:17928544
  Authors
Schweda F, Friis U, Wagner C, Skott O, Kurtz A
  Title
Renin release.
  Journal
Physiology (Bethesda) 22:310-9 (2007)
DOI:10.1152/physiol.00024.2007
Reference
PMID:20393195
  Authors
Castrop H, Hocherl K, Kurtz A, Schweda F, Todorov V, Wagner C
  Title
Physiology of kidney renin.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 90:607-73 (2010)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00011.2009
Reference
PMID:22733355
  Authors
Friis UG, Madsen K, Stubbe J, Hansen PB, Svenningsen P, Bie P, Skott O, Jensen BL
  Title
Regulation of renin secretion by renal juxtaglomerular cells.
  Journal
Pflugers Arch 465:25-37 (2013)
DOI:10.1007/s00424-012-1126-7
Reference
PMID:22124804
  Authors
Kim SM, Briggs JP, Schnermann J
  Title
Convergence of major physiological stimuli for renin release on the Gs-alpha/cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling pathway.
  Journal
Clin Exp Nephrol 16:17-24 (2012)
DOI:10.1007/s10157-011-0494-1
Reference
PMID:22237158
  Authors
Kurtz A
  Title
Control of renin synthesis and secretion.
  Journal
Am J Hypertens 25:839-47 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/ajh.2011.246
Reference
PMID:9882634
  Authors
Kurtz A, Wagner C
  Title
Cellular control of renin secretion.
  Journal
J Exp Biol 202:219-25 (1999)
Reference
PMID:12949225
  Authors
Persson PB
  Title
Renin: origin, secretion and synthesis.
  Journal
J Physiol 552:667-71 (2003)
DOI:10.1113/jphysiol.2003.049890
Reference
PMID:15283749
  Authors
Schweda F, Kurtz A
  Title
Cellular mechanism of renin release.
  Journal
Acta Physiol Scand 181:383-90 (2004)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-201X.2004.01309.x
Reference
PMID:24944035
  Authors
Sparks MA, Crowley SD, Gurley SB, Mirotsou M, Coffman TM
  Title
Classical Renin-Angiotensin system in kidney physiology.
  Journal
Compr Physiol 4:1201-28 (2014)
DOI:10.1002/cphy.c130040
Reference
PMID:19948673
  Authors
Harrison-Bernard LM
  Title
The renal renin-angiotensin system.
  Journal
Adv Physiol Educ 33:270-4 (2009)
DOI:10.1152/advan.00049.2009
Reference
PMID:22258323
  Authors
Schnermann J, Briggs JP
  Title
Synthesis and secretion of renin in mice with induced genetic mutations.
  Journal
Kidney Int 81:529-38 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/ki.2011.451
Reference
PMID:12388321
  Authors
Ryan MJ, Black TA, Millard SL, Gross KW, Hajduczok G
  Title
Endothelin-1 increases calcium and attenuates renin gene expression in As4.1 cells.
  Journal
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 283:H2458-65 (2002)
DOI:10.1152/ajpheart.00295.2002
Reference
PMID:17360952
  Authors
Hautmann M, Friis UG, Desch M, Todorov V, Castrop H, Segerer F, Otto C, Schutz G, Schweda F
  Title
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide stimulates renin secretion via activation of PAC1 receptors.
  Journal
J Am Soc Nephrol 18:1150-6 (2007)
DOI:10.1681/ASN.2006060633
Related
pathway
csyr04020  Calcium signaling pathway
csyr04022  cGMP-PKG signaling pathway
csyr04024  cAMP signaling pathway
csyr04614  Renin-angiotensin system
KO pathway
ko04924   
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