KEGG   PATHWAY: hhip00260
Entry
hhip00260                   Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Hippoglossus hippoglossus (Atlantic halibut)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
hhip00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
hhip00260

Module
hhip_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:hhip00260]
hhip_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:hhip00260]
hhip_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:hhip00260]
hhip_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:hhip00260]
hhip_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:hhip00260]
hhip_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:hhip00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Hippoglossus hippoglossus (Atlantic halibut) [GN:hhip]
Gene
117753304  probable low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 2 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
117753307  probable low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 2 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
117766252  shmt1; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
117761482  shmt2; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
117764066  serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
117778676  agxtb; alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase b [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
117760295  agxta; alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase a [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
117769138  grhpra; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
117770908  grhprb; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase b [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
117761392  glyctk; glycerate kinase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
117772280  pgam2; phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
117775309  phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
117769184  pgam1b; phosphoglycerate mutase 1b [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
117763052  bpgm; bisphosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
117754400  phgdh; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
117768312  psat1; phosphoserine aminotransferase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
117773236  psph; phosphoserine phosphatase [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
117766186  gcat; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
117756596  tdh2; L-threonine dehydrogenase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
117758223  tdh; L-threonine dehydrogenase isoform X1 [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
117765374  alas2; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
117761635  alas1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
117764964  5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
117772055  amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A-like isoform X1 [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
117766873  aoc2; retina-specific copper amine oxidase [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
117767286  gldc; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
117764191  amt; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
117763089  dldh; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
117759356  gcshb; glycine cleavage system protein H (aminomethyl carrier), b [KO:K02437]
117762690  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
117767689  D-amino-acid oxidase-like [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
117771680  agxt2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
117754274  gatm; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
117759723  gamt; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
117765096  chdh; choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
117760379  aldh7a1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
117767260  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1-like [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
117768517  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1-like [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
117768519  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
117771585  bhmt; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
117771689  dmgdh; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
117772802  pipox; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
117771594  sardh; sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
117756209  gnmt; glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
117775203  cbsa; cystathionine beta-synthase a [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
117760285  cth; cystathionine gamma-lyase [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
117775405  L-threo-3-hydroxyaspartate ammonia-lyase [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
117767713  L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
117756205  sdsl; serine dehydratase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
117778954  zgc:162816; D-threo-3-hydroxyaspartate dehydratase [KO:K20498] [EC:4.3.1.18]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
hhip00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
hhip00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
hhip00230  Purine metabolism
hhip00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
hhip00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
hhip00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
hhip00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
hhip00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
hhip00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
hhip00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
hhip00620  Pyruvate metabolism
hhip00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
hhip00640  Propanoate metabolism
hhip00860  Porphyrin metabolism
hhip00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
LinkDB

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