KEGG   PATHWAY: ipu00260
Entry
ipu00260                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Ictalurus punctatus (channel catfish)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
ipu00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
ipu00260

Module
ipu_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:ipu00260]
ipu_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:ipu00260]
ipu_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:ipu00260]
ipu_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:ipu00260]
ipu_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:ipu00260]
ipu_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:ipu00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Ictalurus punctatus (channel catfish) [GN:ipu]
Gene
108274193  tha1; threonine aldolase 1 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
108257062  serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
108257064  serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic isoform X2 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
108272046  serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
108272030  agxta; alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase a [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
108278136  agxtb; alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase b [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
100528185  grhpra; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
108260755  grhprb; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase b [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
108272291  glycerate kinase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
108279244  pgam2; phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
100528110  pgam1a; phosphoglycerate mutase 1a [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
108258456  pgam1b; phosphoglycerate mutase 1b [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
108269072  bisphosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
108266661  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase isoform X1 [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
108255916  phosphoserine aminotransferase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
100528891  psph; phosphoserine phosphatase [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
100304864  2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
108269662  tdh2; L-threonine dehydrogenase 2 [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
100528159  tdh; L-threonine dehydrogenase [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
108254863  5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
108265738  alas2; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
108276518  si:ch211-127i16.2; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A isoform X1 [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
108266753  mao; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
108276610  aoc2; retina-specific copper amine oxidase [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
108255661  glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
108265911  aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
108275299  dldh; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
108270992  gcshb; glycine cleavage system protein H (aminomethyl carrier), b [KO:K02437]
100528957  gcsha; glycine cleavage system protein H (aminomethyl carrier), a [KO:K02437]
108256012  D-amino-acid oxidase [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
108279281  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
124627116  glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
124627117  glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
100528342  gamt; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
108265456  choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
108277325  alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
108279028  bhmt; betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
108279027  dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
108278380  peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
108276635  sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
108270118  glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
108266313  cystathionine beta-synthase-like protein [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
100304674  cbsa; cystathionine beta-synthase a [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
108271847  cystathionine gamma-lyase [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
108262946  L-threonine ammonia-lyase [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
100528564  sdsl; serine dehydratase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
108255705  L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
108271324  zgc:162816; D-threo-3-hydroxyaspartate dehydratase [KO:K20498] [EC:4.3.1.18]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
ipu00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
ipu00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
ipu00230  Purine metabolism
ipu00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
ipu00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
ipu00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
ipu00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
ipu00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
ipu00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
ipu00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
ipu00620  Pyruvate metabolism
ipu00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
ipu00640  Propanoate metabolism
ipu00860  Porphyrin metabolism
ipu00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
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