KEGG   PATHWAY: lav04728
Entry
lav04728                    Pathway                                
Name
Dopaminergic synapse - Loxodonta africana (African savanna elephant)
Description
Dopamine (DA) is an important and prototypical slow neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain, where it controls a variety of functions including locomotor activity, motivation and reward, learning and memory, and endocrine regulation. Once released from presynaptic axonal terminals, DA interacts with at least five receptor subtypes in the central nervous system (CNS), which have been divided into two groups: the D1-like receptors (D1Rs), comprising D1 and D5 receptors, both positively coupled to adenylyl cyclase and cAMP production, and the D2-like receptors (D2Rs), comprising D2, D3, and D4 receptors, whose activation results in inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and suppression of cAMP production. In addition, D1Rs and D2Rs modulate intracellular Ca2+ levels and a number of Ca2+ -dependent intracellular signaling processes. Through diverse cAMP- and Ca2+-dependent and - independent mechanisms, DA influences neuronal activity, synaptic plasticity, and behavior. Presynaptically localized D2Rs regulate synthesis and release of DA as the main autoreceptor of the dopaminergic system.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
lav04728  Dopaminergic synapse
lav04728

Other DBs
GO: 0001963
Organism
Loxodonta africana (African savanna elephant) [GN:lav]
Gene
100677538  DDC; aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase [KO:K01593] [EC:4.1.1.28 4.1.1.105]
100668348  SLC18A2; synaptic vesicular amine transporter [KO:K08155]
100667118  SLC18A1; chromaffin granule amine transporter isoform X1 [KO:K08155]
100668498  DRD1; D(1A) dopamine receptor [KO:K04144]
100672434  DRD5; D(1B) dopamine receptor [KO:K05840]
100670650  CALY; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: neuron-specific vesicular protein calcyon [KO:K15493]
100656672  GNAQ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04634]
100670617  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X3 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
100672435  PLCB1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
100668575  PLCB2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
100663829  PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
100665028  ITPR1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958]
100667845  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 [KO:K04959]
100659666  ITPR3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 [KO:K04960]
100663507  CALM1; calmodulin-1 [KO:K02183]
100664679  CALM2; calmodulin-2 [KO:K02183]
100657612  calmodulin [KO:K02183]
100669885  CALML4; calmodulin-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
100658962  CALML3; calmodulin-like protein 3 [KO:K02183]
100658208  calmodulin [KO:K02183]
104846071  CAMK2A; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
100653927  CAMK2G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
100663321  CAMK2D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta isoform X2 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
100658516  CAMK2B; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
100661626  PPP3CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
100664832  PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
100677352  PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
100665537  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
100672078  PRKCB; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protein kinase C beta type [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
100671733  PRKCG; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
100674799  FOS; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: proto-oncogene c-Fos [KO:K04379]
100655206  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04632]
100669226  neuroendocrine secretory protein 55-like [KO:K04632]
100665771  GNAL; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04633]
100670244  ADCY5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100656966  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
100674245  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
100675162  CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870]
100657989  ATF2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04450]
100662521  ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 isoform X2 [KO:K04374]
100653565  CREB3L1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 [KO:K09048]
100673694  CREB3L4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 [KO:K09048]
100666211  CREB3L2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 [KO:K09048]
100670574  CREB3L3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 [KO:K09048]
100677344  CREB3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
100675079  CREB5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09047]
100666885  ATF6B; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta isoform X2 [KO:K09049]
100673331  MAPK14; mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100656926  MAPK13; mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100661039  MAPK12; mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100654943  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100674229  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100673395  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100660199  PPP1CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
100673814  PPP1CA; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
100671604  PPP1CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
100672780  SCN1A; sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04833]
100659992  CACNA1D; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D [KO:K04851]
100655176  CACNA1A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A [KO:K04344]
100660444  CACNA1B; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B [KO:K04849]
100668323  KCNJ3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 1 [KO:K04997]
100676455  KCNJ6; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2 [KO:K05000]
100655762  KCNJ5; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 4 [KO:K04999]
100676993  DRD3; D(3) dopamine receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04146]
100655981  DRD4; D(4) dopamine receptor [KO:K04147]
100666344  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
100670234  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
100667957  GNAI3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(k) subunit alpha [KO:K04630]
100658419  GNAO1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha [KO:K04534]
100673391  GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536]
100677127  GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537]
100674807  GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825]
100669106  GNB4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538]
100674665  GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 isoform X1 [KO:K04539]
100668996  GNG2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 isoform X2 [KO:K07826]
100676083  GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540]
100664179  GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541]
100656403  GNG5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542]
100655407  GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543]
100662559  GNG10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545]
111749727  GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546]
111751488  GNG14; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 [KO:K04347]
111750996  GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347]
100675882  GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547]
111749728  GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548]
111751775  GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549]
100671978  DRD2; D(2) dopamine receptor [KO:K04145]
100665736  ARRB1; beta-arrestin-1 isoform X6 [KO:K04439]
100660311  ARRB2; beta-arrestin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04439]
100664132  PPP2CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
100676230  PPP2CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
100654486  PPP2R1A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform [KO:K03456]
100663532  PPP2R1B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K03456]
100666680  PPP2R2D; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B delta isoform isoform X2 [KO:K04354]
100668825  PPP2R2A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B alpha isoform isoform X2 [KO:K04354]
100666413  PPP2R2B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B beta isoform [KO:K04354]
100668487  PPP2R3A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha [KO:K11583]
100663566  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit beta [KO:K11583]
100670795  PPP2R3C; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K11583]
100659955  PPP2R5D; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta isoform [KO:K11584]
100675562  PPP2R5E; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit epsilon isoform isoform X1 [KO:K11584]
100676500  PPP2R5C; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit gamma isoform [KO:K11584]
100660424  PPP2R5B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit beta isoform [KO:K11584]
100659875  PPP2R5A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit alpha isoform [KO:K11584]
100663184  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100657536  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X2 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100660187  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100669169  GSK3A; glycogen synthase kinase-3 alpha isoform X1 [KO:K08822] [EC:2.7.11.26]
100675105  GSK3B; glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform X2 [KO:K03083] [EC:2.7.11.26]
100660738  GRIN2B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B [KO:K05210]
100676565  GRIA1; glutamate receptor 1 isoform X2 [KO:K05197]
104846717  GRIA2; glutamate receptor 2 [KO:K05198]
100658980  GRIA3; glutamate receptor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05199]
100658415  GRIA4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutamate receptor 4 [KO:K05200]
100664545  KIF5B; kinesin-1 heavy chain [KO:K10396]
100655323  KIF5A; kinesin heavy chain [KO:K10396]
100658646  KIF5C; kinesin heavy chain isoform X1 [KO:K10396]
100656519  CLOCK; circadian locomoter output cycles protein kaput isoform X1 [KO:K02223] [EC:2.3.1.48]
100662003  ARNTL; aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein 1 [KO:K02296]
100675742  SLC6A3; sodium-dependent dopamine transporter [KO:K05036]
100661468  MAOB; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B isoform X1 [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
100662037  amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
100672368  COMT; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: catechol O-methyltransferase [KO:K00545] [EC:2.1.1.6]
100665450  TOMT; transmembrane O-methyltransferase [KO:K00545] [EC:2.1.1.6]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
C00082  L-Tyrosine
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00238  Potassium cation
C00355  3,4-Dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C01161  3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetate
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01330  Sodium cation
C03758  Dopamine
C05582  Homovanillate
C05587  3-Methoxytyramine
Reference
PMID:21303898
  Authors
Beaulieu JM, Gainetdinov RR
  Title
The physiology, signaling, and pharmacology of dopamine receptors.
  Journal
Pharmacol Rev 63:182-217 (2011)
DOI:10.1124/pr.110.002642
Reference
PMID:15521361
  Authors
Neve KA, Seamans JK, Trantham-Davidson H
  Title
Dopamine receptor signaling.
  Journal
J Recept Signal Transduct Res 24:165-205 (2004)
DOI:10.1081/RRS-200029981
Reference
PMID:17408758
  Authors
Surmeier DJ, Ding J, Day M, Wang Z, Shen W
  Title
D1 and D2 dopamine-receptor modulation of striatal glutamatergic signaling in striatal medium spiny neurons.
  Journal
Trends Neurosci 30:228-35 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.tins.2007.03.008
Reference
PMID:20224735
  Authors
Knab AM, Lightfoot JT
  Title
Does the difference between physically active and couch potato lie in the dopamine system?
  Journal
Int J Biol Sci 6:133-50 (2010)
DOI:10.7150/ijbs.6.133
Reference
PMID:10433257
  Authors
Greengard P, Allen PB, Nairn AC
  Title
Beyond the dopamine receptor: the DARPP-32/protein phosphatase-1 cascade.
  Journal
Neuron 23:435-47 (1999)
DOI:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80798-9
Reference
PMID:15590733
  Authors
Hu XT, Dong Y, Zhang XF, White FJ
  Title
Dopamine D2 receptor-activated Ca2+ signaling modulates voltage-sensitive sodium currents in rat nucleus accumbens neurons.
  Journal
J Neurophysiol 93:1406-17 (2005)
DOI:10.1152/jn.00771.2004
Reference
PMID:17349698
  Authors
Beaulieu JM, Gainetdinov RR, Caron MG
  Title
The Akt-GSK-3 signaling cascade in the actions of dopamine.
  Journal
Trends Pharmacol Sci 28:166-72 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.tips.2007.02.006
Reference
PMID:19138563
  Authors
De Mei C, Ramos M, Iitaka C, Borrelli E
  Title
Getting specialized: presynaptic and postsynaptic dopamine D2 receptors.
  Journal
Curr Opin Pharmacol 9:53-8 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.coph.2008.12.002
Reference
PMID:15381316
  Authors
Seamans JK, Yang CR
  Title
The principal features and mechanisms of dopamine modulation in the prefrontal cortex.
  Journal
Prog Neurobiol 74:1-58 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2004.05.006
Reference
PMID:18353279
  Authors
Yao WD, Spealman RD, Zhang J
  Title
Dopaminergic signaling in dendritic spines.
  Journal
Biochem Pharmacol 75:2055-69 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.bcp.2008.01.018
Reference
PMID:20727368
  Authors
Li YC, Gao WJ
  Title
GSK-3beta activity and hyperdopamine-dependent behaviors.
  Journal
Neurosci Biobehav Rev 35:645-54 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.08.001
Reference
PMID:15292232
  Authors
Tang TS, Bezprozvanny I
  Title
Dopamine receptor-mediated Ca(2+) signaling in striatal medium spiny neurons.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:42082-94 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M407389200
Reference
PMID:12967774
  Authors
Bergson C, Levenson R, Goldman-Rakic PS, Lidow MS
  Title
Dopamine receptor-interacting proteins: the Ca(2+) connection in dopamine signaling.
  Journal
Trends Pharmacol Sci 24:486-92 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0165-6147(03)00232-3
Reference
PMID:9457173
  Authors
Missale C, Nash SR, Robinson SW, Jaber M, Caron MG
  Title
Dopamine receptors: from structure to function.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 78:189-225 (1998)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.1998.78.1.189
Reference
PMID:19251795
  Authors
Quaak M, van Schayck CP, Knaapen AM, van Schooten FJ
  Title
Genetic variation as a predictor of smoking cessation success. A promising preventive and intervention tool for chronic respiratory diseases?
  Journal
Eur Respir J 33:468-80 (2009)
DOI:10.1183/09031936.00056908
Related
pathway
lav00350  Tyrosine metabolism
lav04020  Calcium signaling pathway
lav04721  Synaptic vesicle cycle
lav04724  Glutamatergic synapse
lav05012  Parkinson disease
KO pathway
ko04728   
LinkDB

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