KEGG   PATHWAY: lco00260
Entry
lco00260                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Larimichthys crocea (large yellow croaker)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
lco00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
lco00260

Module
lco_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:lco00260]
lco_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:lco00260]
lco_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:lco00260]
lco_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:lco00260]
lco_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:lco00260]
lco_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:lco00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Larimichthys crocea (large yellow croaker) [GN:lco]
Gene
104933890  probable low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 2 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
104932070  shmt1; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
104919978  shmt2; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
104926427  serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
104929186  serine--pyruvate aminotransferase [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
104926021  serine--pyruvate aminotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
104933258  grhpr; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
104924345  glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
104930957  glyctk; glycerate kinase isoform X2 [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
104930037  phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
104920092  phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
104927840  phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
104940663  bpgm; bisphosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
104931034  phgdh; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
104922995  psat1; phosphoserine aminotransferase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
104936532  psph; phosphoserine phosphatase isoform X1 [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
104935173  gcat; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
109139046  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
104922441  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
104925346  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
104919653  5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
104920213  alas2; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
104931401  alas1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
104918935  amine oxidase [flavin-containing] [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
104923603  probable flavin-containing monoamine oxidase A [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
104927167  primary amine oxidase, liver isozyme [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
104918984  gldc; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
104928017  amt; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
104930615  dld; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
104918147  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
104930090  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
104937256  dao; D-amino-acid oxidase [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
104928235  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
104928508  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
104919779  gatm; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
104928396  gamt; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
104926932  chdh; choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
104931924  aldh7a1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
104921205  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
104921289  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
104930139  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
104930138  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
104936284  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
104936285  dmgdh; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
104930748  pipox; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
104923713  sardh; sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
104932648  gnmt; glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
104932355  cystathionine beta-synthase [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
104937627  cystathionine beta-synthase isoform X2 [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
109136898  cth; cystathionine gamma-lyase [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
104925911  uncharacterized protein LOC104925911 isoform X1 [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
104932651  serine dehydratase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
104921716  sds; L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
104934205  uncharacterized protein LOC104934205 [KO:K20498] [EC:4.3.1.18]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
lco00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
lco00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
lco00230  Purine metabolism
lco00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
lco00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
lco00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
lco00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
lco00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
lco00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
lco00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
lco00620  Pyruvate metabolism
lco00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
lco00640  Propanoate metabolism
lco00860  Porphyrin metabolism
lco00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
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