KEGG   PATHWAY: phas04727
Entry
phas04727                   Pathway                                
Name
GABAergic synapse - Phyllostomus hastatus (greater spear-nosed bat)
Description
Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). When released in the synaptic cleft, GABA binds to three major classes of receptors: GABAA, GABAB, and GABAC receptors. GABAA and GABAC receptors are ionotropic and mediate fast GABA responses by triggering chloride channel openings, while GABAB receptors are metabotropic and mediate slower GABA responses by activating G-proteins and influencing second messenger systems. GABAA receptors, the major sites for fast inhibitory neurotransmission in the CNS, are regulated by phosphorylation mechanisms, affecting both their functional properties and their cell surface mobility and trafficking. GABA release by the presynaptic terminal is negatively regulated by GABAB autoreceptors, and is cleared from the extracellular space by GABA transporters (GATs) located either on the presynaptic terminal or neighboring glial cells.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
phas04727  GABAergic synapse
phas04727

Other DBs
GO: 0051932
Organism
Phyllostomus hastatus (greater spear-nosed bat) [GN:phas]
Gene
123812349  SLC38A1; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 1 [KO:K14990]
123812447  SLC38A2; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 [KO:K14207]
123812373  GLS2; glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
123807050  GLS; glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
123814172  GAD1; glutamate decarboxylase 1 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
123831197  GAD2; glutamate decarboxylase 2 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
123815086  SLC32A1; vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter [KO:K15015]
123807177  4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K13524] [EC:2.6.1.19 2.6.1.22]
123812481  GABRA1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05175]
123807070  GABRA3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05175]
123815735  GABRA2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05175]
123815902  GABRA4; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05175]
123809224  GABRA6; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 [KO:K05175]
123809740  GABRA5; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 [KO:K05175]
123811578  GABRB2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 [KO:K05181]
123815946  GABRB1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 [KO:K05181]
123809739  GABRB3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05181]
123812734  GABRG2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05186]
123815966  GABRG1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05186]
123809745  GABRG3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 [KO:K05186]
123832013  GABRD; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta isoform X1 [KO:K05184]
123807064  GABRE; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon [KO:K05185]
123807057  GABRQ; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta [KO:K05192]
123805929  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi isoform X1 [KO:K05189]
123828245  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
123816440  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
123814829  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src isoform X1 [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
123817558  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
123825494  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
123824140  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
123817331  HAP1; huntingtin-associated protein 1 [KO:K04647]
123819402  GABARAPL1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341]
123806191  GABARAPL2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341]
123809255  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]
123817426  NSF; vesicle-fusing ATPase isoform X1 [KO:K06027] [EC:3.6.4.6]
123824437  TRAK2; trafficking kinesin-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K15374]
123824463  PLCL1; inactive phospholipase C-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K15375]
123808349  GPHN; gephyrin isoform X1 [KO:K15376] [EC:2.10.1.1 2.7.7.75]
123814911  SLC12A5; solute carrier family 12 member 5 isoform X1 [KO:K23967]
123827404  GABRR3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3 [KO:K05190]
123821660  GABRR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 [KO:K05190]
123821668  GABRR1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05190]
123828203  CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A [KO:K04344]
123823376  CACNA1B; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B isoform X1 [KO:K04849]
123813423  CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C [KO:K04850]
123814577  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851]
123832713  CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F [KO:K04853]
123832334  CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S isoform X1 [KO:K04857]
123820195  GABBR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 [KO:K04615]
123810346  GABBR1; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04615]
123804401  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-3 [KO:K04630]
123811789  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
123830671  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
123805731  GNAO1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04534]
123832310  GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536]
123806391  GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537]
123810635  GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825]
123827153  GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538]
123808220  GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 isoform X1 [KO:K04539]
123808681  GNG2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07826]
123829444  GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540]
123804859  GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541]
123821983  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5-like [KO:K04542]
123822119  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5-like [KO:K04542]
123816473  GNG5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542]
123825297  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5-like [KO:K04542]
123825413  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5-like [KO:K04542]
123826542  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5-like [KO:K04542]
123813731  GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543]
123823052  GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 [KO:K04544]
123812121  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10-like [KO:K04545]
123819929  GNG10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545]
123821470  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10-like [KO:K04545]
123811727  GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546]
123828441  GNG14; putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 [KO:K04347]
123816445  GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347]
123825394  GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 isoform X1 [KO:K04547]
123811087  GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548]
123817087  GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549]
123811468  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
123824963  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase type 2 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
123822448  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
123820487  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
123826843  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 isoform X1 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
123812947  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
123805699  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
123833093  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
123807136  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
123827899  KCNJ6; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2 [KO:K05000]
123814556  SLC6A1; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1 [KO:K05034]
123813516  SLC6A13; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05046]
123814518  SLC6A11; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3 [KO:K05044]
123813554  SLC6A12; sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter [KO:K05045]
123818566  GLUL; glutamine synthetase [KO:K01915] [EC:6.3.1.2]
123830488  SLC38A3; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 3 [KO:K13576]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00026  2-Oxoglutarate
C00042  Succinate
C00064  L-Glutamine
C00076  Calcium cation
C00238  Potassium cation
C00334  4-Aminobutanoate
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00698  Cl-
Reference
  Authors
Davis KL, Charney D, Coyle JT, Nemeroff C (ed).
  Title
Neuropsychopharmacology: The fifth generation of progress
  Journal
Lippincott Williams & Wikins (2002)
DOI:10.1002/hup.431
Reference
PMID:17499109
  Authors
Farrant M, Kaila K
  Title
The cellular, molecular and ionic basis of GABA(A) receptor signalling.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:59-87 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60005-8
Reference
PMID:9364667
  Authors
Ben-Ari Y, Khazipov R, Leinekugel X, Caillard O, Gaiarsa JL
  Title
GABAA, NMDA and AMPA receptors: a developmentally regulated 'menage a trois'.
  Journal
Trends Neurosci 20:523-9 (1997)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-2236(97)01147-8
Reference
PMID:20655485
  Authors
Pinard A, Seddik R, Bettler B
  Title
GABAB receptors: physiological functions and mechanisms of diversity.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:231-55 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58010-4
Reference
PMID:21376567
  Authors
Chalifoux JR, Carter AG
  Title
GABAB receptor modulation of synaptic function.
  Journal
Curr Opin Neurobiol 21:339-44 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.conb.2011.02.004
Reference
PMID:20655481
  Authors
Padgett CL, Slesinger PA
  Title
GABAB receptor coupling to G-proteins and ion channels.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:123-47 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58006-2
Reference
PMID:17499108
  Authors
Emson PC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors: structure and function.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:43-57 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60004-6
Reference
PMID:16932937
  Authors
Kornau HC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors and synaptic modulation.
  Journal
Cell Tissue Res 326:517-33 (2006)
DOI:10.1007/s00441-006-0264-7
Reference
PMID:18382465
  Authors
Jacob TC, Moss SJ, Jurd R
  Title
GABA(A) receptor trafficking and its role in the dynamic modulation of neuronal inhibition.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 9:331-43 (2008)
DOI:10.1038/nrn2370
Reference
PMID:12086709
  Authors
Kneussel M
  Title
Dynamic regulation of GABA(A) receptors at synaptic sites.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 39:74-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0165-0173(02)00159-5
Reference
PMID:21555068
  Authors
Luscher B, Fuchs T, Kilpatrick CL
  Title
GABAA receptor trafficking-mediated plasticity of inhibitory synapses.
  Journal
Neuron 70:385-409 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.03.024
Reference
PMID:19374920
  Authors
Arancibia-Carcamo IL, Kittler JT
  Title
Regulation of GABA(A) receptor membrane trafficking and synaptic localization.
  Journal
Pharmacol Ther 123:17-31 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.03.012
Reference
PMID:16787421
  Authors
Bak LK, Schousboe A, Waagepetersen HS
  Title
The glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle: aspects of transport, neurotransmitter homeostasis and ammonia transfer.
  Journal
J Neurochem 98:641-53 (2006)
DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03913.x
Reference
PMID:15210304
  Authors
Conti F, Minelli A, Melone M
  Title
GABA transporters in the mammalian cerebral cortex: localization, development and pathological implications.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 45:196-212 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.03.003
Reference
PMID:12888801
  Authors
Brambilla P, Perez J, Barale F, Schettini G, Soares JC
  Title
GABAergic dysfunction in mood disorders.
  Journal
Mol Psychiatry 8:721-37, 715 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/sj.mp.4001362
Reference
PMID:10780899
  Authors
Chebib M, Johnston GA
  Title
GABA-Activated ligand gated ion channels: medicinal chemistry and molecular biology.
  Journal
J Med Chem 43:1427-47 (2000)
DOI:10.1021/jm9904349
Related
pathway
phas00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
phas00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
phas04144  Endocytosis
phas04721  Synaptic vesicle cycle
KO pathway
ko04727   
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