KEGG   PATHWAY: ptep04140
Entry
ptep04140                   Pathway                                
Name
Autophagy - animal - Parasteatoda tepidariorum (common house spider)
Description
Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
ptep04140  Autophagy - animal
ptep04140

Other DBs
GO: 0006914
Organism
Parasteatoda tepidariorum (common house spider) [GN:ptep]
Gene
107444576  uncharacterized protein LOC107444576 [KO:K04526]
107448965  insulin-2-like [KO:K04526]
107448973  bombyxin A-1 homolog [KO:K04526]
107455901  insulin-like [KO:K04526]
107451234  bombyxin B-1 homolog [KO:K04526]
107438950  insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
107446916  insulin receptor substrate 1-B [KO:K16172]
107437416  phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
107454170  phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
107439742  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
107441029  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
107438749  3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107451835  RAC serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107437787  phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
107448797  GTPase HRas [KO:K07827]
107443955  ras-related protein M-Ras-like isoform X2 [KO:K07831]
107443359  dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
107441316  dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
107442143  mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
107448053  hamartin [KO:K07206]
107451014  BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3-like [KO:K15464]
107455436  GTP-binding protein Rheb homolog [KO:K07208]
107450389  regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07204]
107439010  serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107444734  uncharacterized protein LOC107444734 isoform X1 [KO:K16184]
107450002  target of rapamycin complex subunit lst8 [KO:K08266]
107451200  ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107455434  immunoglobulin-binding protein 1b [KO:K17606]
107441025  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
107450556  autophagy-related protein 13 [KO:K08331]
107444463  autophagy-related protein 101 isoform X1 [KO:K19730]
107444977  RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17589]
107446699  autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
107441076  WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17908]
107449329  WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17908]
107438970  WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 4 [KO:K22991]
107438097  WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 3 [KO:K22991]
107445704  autophagy-related protein 9A isoform X1 [KO:K17907]
122268381  autophagy-related protein 9A-like [KO:K17907]
107440899  guanine nucleotide exchange C9orf72 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K23609]
107455249  ras-related protein Rab-8A [KO:K07901]
107438126  ras-related protein Rab-39B isoform X1 [KO:K07925]
107438573  sequestosome-1 [KO:K14381]
107450450  serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
107453909  ras-related protein RabC-like [KO:K07874]
107437508  ras-related protein Rab-1A [KO:K07874]
107449326  ras-related GTP-binding protein A [KO:K16185]
107436943  ras-related GTP-binding protein C isoform X1 [KO:K16186]
107436978  ras-related GTP-binding protein C [KO:K16186]
107448241  serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107451572  serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107450058  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
107456224  cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
107454703  cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
107439564  stress-activated protein kinase JNK [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
107452093  stress-activated protein kinase JNK [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
107438756  apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
107440211  apoptosis regulator R11 [KO:K04570]
107449013  beclin-1 [KO:K08334]
107444174  phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107450591  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
107448174  beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889]
107436888  vacuole membrane protein 1 [KO:K21248]
107437811  syntaxin-17-like [KO:K08491]
107442399  UV radiation resistance-associated protein [KO:K21249]
107448959  endophilin-B1 isoform X1 [KO:K11248]
107451946  run domain Beclin-1-interacting and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein isoform X1 [KO:K19330]
107448732  calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K07359] [EC:2.7.11.17]
107450902  mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
107439068  serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease ire-1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
107439907  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor [KO:K04958]
107439026  death-associated protein kinase 1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
122268405  death-associated protein kinase dapk-1-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107437276  death-associated protein kinase 1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107455393  high mobility group protein B2 [KO:K10802]
107442630  eIF-2-alpha kinase GCN2-like [KO:K16196] [EC:2.7.11.1]
107439030  eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
107456549  myotubularin-related protein 3 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
107438727  myotubularin-related protein 14 isoform X1 [KO:K18086] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
107443501  myotubularin-related protein 14 [KO:K18086] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
107447676  myotubularin-related protein 14 [KO:K18086] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
107442221  zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17603]
107453288  autophagy protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K08339]
107440515  autophagy-related protein 16-1 [KO:K17890]
107448187  autophagy-related protein 16-1 [KO:K17890]
107450497  ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 [KO:K08337]
107439388  ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG10 [KO:K17888]
107440124  ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 [KO:K08343]
107437504  ras-related protein Rab-33B [KO:K07920]
107443742  ras-related protein Rab-33B isoform X1 [KO:K07920]
107444313  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein isoform X1 [KO:K08341]
107439067  microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C [KO:K10435]
107439604  microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C isoform X1 [KO:K10435]
107439386  protein lgg-2 [KO:K10435]
107445281  autophagy-related protein 8f isoform X1 [KO:K10435]
107437474  cysteine protease ATG4D [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
107442820  cysteine protease ATG4B [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
107457248  uncharacterized protein LOC107457248 isoform X1 [KO:K17987]
107445035  WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K22262]
107445701  ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40-like [KO:K02927]
107445891  ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40 [KO:K02927]
122268687  ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40 [KO:K02927]
107439467  ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]
107439902  polyubiquitin-C [KO:K08770]
107449846  synaptosomal-associated protein 29 [KO:K08509]
107441701  synaptobrevin homolog YKT6 [KO:K08516]
107444332  synaptobrevin homolog YKT6-like [KO:K08516]
107445590  syntaxin-7 [KO:K08488]
107456645  ectopic P granules protein 5 homolog [KO:K23883]
107438681  pleckstrin homology domain-containing family M member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K23282]
107445671  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog [KO:K20179]
107454360  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog [KO:K20180]
107454108  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20181]
107448071  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A [KO:K20182]
107451602  vam6/Vps39-like protein [KO:K20183]
107446762  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20184]
107450696  Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 2 [KO:K26797]
107438128  ras-related protein rab7 [KO:K07897]
107446981  ras-related protein rab7 [KO:K07897]
107441020  ras-related protein Rab-7a-like [KO:K07897]
107455827  lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 [KO:K06528]
107442437  lysosomal aspartic protease isoform X1 [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
107455892  lysosomal aspartic protease [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
107446862  procathepsin L-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
107446867  procathepsin L [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
122269753  procathepsin L-like isoform X1 [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
107454673  procathepsin L [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
107440924  procathepsin L-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
107439311  procathepsin L [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
107446106  procathepsin L [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
107457154  procathepsin L [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
110283155  procathepsin L [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
107451932  procathepsin L [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
107446866  procathepsin L [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
107443575  procathepsin L-like isoform X1 [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
107456496  procathepsin L-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
107446864  procathepsin L-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
110282821  procathepsin L-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
107456453  procathepsin L-like isoform X1 [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
107442060  procathepsin L [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
107446863  cathepsin L-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
107439411  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cathepsin B-like [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
122272375  cathepsin B-like [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C00350  Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:15325584
  Authors
Meijer AJ, Codogno P.
  Title
Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2445-62 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.02.002
Reference
PMID:16099218
  Authors
Deretic V.
  Title
Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
  Journal
Trends Immunol 26:523-8 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2005.08.003
Reference
PMID:16200202
  Authors
Levine B, Yuan J.
  Title
Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
  Journal
J Clin Invest 115:2679-88 (2005)
DOI:10.1172/JCI26390
Reference
PMID:15325588
  Authors
Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.
  Title
LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2503-18 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.05.009
Reference
PMID:15928708
  Authors
Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
  Title
Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:439-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1660
Reference
PMID:15978794
  Authors
Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
  Title
Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:415-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.06.007
Reference
PMID:11099404
  Authors
Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
  Title
Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
  Journal
Science 290:1717-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1126/science.290.5497.1717
Reference
PMID:16125113
  Authors
Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.
  Title
Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37:2098-114 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.02.029
Reference
PMID:19653858
  Authors
He C, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 43:67-93 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-102808-114910
Reference
PMID:19802558
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
  Journal
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 335:1-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_1
Reference
PMID:20034776
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 22:124-31 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.11.014
Reference
PMID:21187343
  Authors
Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
  Title
The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 124:161-70 (2011)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.064576
Reference
PMID:21801009
  Authors
Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
  Title
The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
  Journal
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 27:107-32 (2011)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154005
Reference
PMID:24343578
  Authors
Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL
  Title
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.
  Journal
Cell Res 24:42-57 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2013.166
Reference
PMID:25948417
  Authors
Noda NN, Fujioka Y
  Title
Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 72:3083-96 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-1917-z
Related
pathway
ptep04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
ptep04142  Lysosome
ptep04150  mTOR signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04140   
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