KEGG   PATHWAY: sdul00270
Entry
sdul00270                   Pathway                                
Name
Cysteine and methionine metabolism - Solanum dulcamara (climbing nightshade)
Description
Cysteine and methionine are sulfur-containing amino acids. Cysteine is synthesized from serine through different pathways in different organism groups. In bacteria and plants, cysteine is converted from serine (via acetylserine) by transfer of hydrogen sulfide [MD:M00021]. In animals, methionine-derived homocysteine is used as sulfur source and its condensation product with serine (cystathionine) is converted to cysteine [MD:M00338]. Cysteine is metabolized to pyruvate in multiple routes. Methionine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, methionine is synthesized from aspartate [MD:M00017]. S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM), synthesized from methionine and ATP, is a methyl group donor in many important transfer reactions including DNA methylation for regulation of gene expression. SAM may also be used to regenerate methionine in the methionine salvage pathway [MD:M00034].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
sdul00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
sdul00270

Module
sdul_M00021  Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:sdul00270]
sdul_M00034  Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:sdul00270]
sdul_M00368  Ethylene biosynthesis, methionine => ethylene [PATH:sdul00270]
Other DBs
GO: 0006534 0006555
Organism
Solanum dulcamara (climbing nightshade) [GN:sdul]
Gene
129876330  serine acetyltransferase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
129891821  serine acetyltransferase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
129870629  serine acetyltransferase 5-like [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
129871173  serine acetyltransferase 5 [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
129872060  serine acetyltransferase 2-like [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]
129886286  cysteine synthase-like isoform X1 [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
129886288  cysteine synthase-like isoform X1 [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
129886290  cysteine synthase isoform X1 [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
129888981  cysteine synthase, chloroplastic/chromoplastic isoform X1 [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
129893253  cysteine synthase 2 [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
129883010  cysteine synthase [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
129886555  bifunctional L-3-cyanoalanine synthase/cysteine synthase 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K13034] [EC:2.5.1.47 4.4.1.9]
129877225  bifunctional L-3-cyanoalanine synthase/cysteine synthase 1, mitochondrial [KO:K13034] [EC:2.5.1.47 4.4.1.9]
129876662  cystathionine beta-lyase, chloroplastic isoform X1 [KO:K01760] [EC:4.4.1.13]
129881828  homocysteine S-methyltransferase 2-like [KO:K00547] [EC:2.1.1.10]
129882807  homocysteine S-methyltransferase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K00547] [EC:2.1.1.10]
129887634  5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-- homocysteine methyltransferase-like [KO:K00549] [EC:2.1.1.14]
129877753  5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-- homocysteine methyltransferase [KO:K00549] [EC:2.1.1.14]
129876144  5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-- homocysteine methyltransferase-like [KO:K00549] [EC:2.1.1.14]
129876251  S-adenosylmethionine synthase 3-like [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]
129886049  S-adenosylmethionine synthase 1 [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]
129882037  S-adenosylmethionine synthase 3 [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]
129883450  S-adenosylmethionine synthase 2 [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]
129900667  S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme 4-like [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
129887590  S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme-like [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
129880023  S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
129872826  S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme-like [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
129884928  S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme 4 [KO:K01611] [EC:4.1.1.50]
129899719  spermidine synthase 2-like [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
129880322  spermidine synthase 1 [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
129894428  spermine synthase [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
129884642  nicotianamine synthase [KO:K05953] [EC:2.5.1.43]
129885358  5'-methylthioadenosine/S-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase-like [KO:K01244] [EC:3.2.2.16]
129885601  methylthioribose kinase [KO:K00899] [EC:2.7.1.100]
129889063  methylthioribose-1-phosphate isomerase [KO:K08963] [EC:5.3.1.23]
129877549  probable bifunctional methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase/enolase-phosphatase E1 1 isoform X1 [KO:K16054] [EC:4.2.1.109 3.1.3.77]
129892532  probable bifunctional methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase/enolase-phosphatase E1 1 [KO:K16054] [EC:4.2.1.109 3.1.3.77]
129883039  acireductone dioxygenase 1-like [KO:K08967] [EC:1.13.11.53 1.13.11.54]
129883041  acireductone dioxygenase 2 [KO:K08967] [EC:1.13.11.53 1.13.11.54]
129883699  acireductone dioxygenase 2-like [KO:K08967] [EC:1.13.11.53 1.13.11.54]
129902514  uncharacterized protein LOC129902514 [KO:K23977] [EC:2.6.1.117]
129876270  probable aminotransferase TAT2 [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]
129889761  probable aminotransferase TAT2 [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]
129877595  tyrosine aminotransferase-like [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]
129892011  tyrosine aminotransferase-like [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]
129892349  tyrosine aminotransferase-like [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]
129882273  probable aminotransferase TAT2 [KO:K00815] [EC:2.6.1.5]
129894733  aromatic aminotransferase ISS1 [KO:K00837] [EC:2.6.1.-]
129888641  methionine gamma-lyase-like [KO:K01761] [EC:4.4.1.11]
129890236  methionine gamma-lyase-like [KO:K01761] [EC:4.4.1.11]
129887811  DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase CMT3-like isoform X1 [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]
129888801  DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase CMT2-like [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]
129880516  DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1B-like [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]
129884369  DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase CMT3-like isoform X1 [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]
129886169  PWWP domain-containing protein 1-like [KO:K17398] [EC:2.1.1.37]
129883070  adenosylhomocysteinase-like [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]
129883301  adenosylhomocysteinase-like [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]
129883302  adenosylhomocysteinase [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]
129886523  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 2 [KO:K20772] [EC:4.4.1.14]
129888675  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase-like [KO:K20772] [EC:4.4.1.14]
129889213  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase-like isoform X1 [KO:K20772] [EC:4.4.1.14]
129890097  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase-like [KO:K20772] [EC:4.4.1.14]
129890098  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase-like [KO:K20772] [EC:4.4.1.14]
129876549  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 4-like [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
129903877  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 3-like [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
129870815  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 7-like [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
129873631  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 3 [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
129874186  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 3-like [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
129874312  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 3-like [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
129896126  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 3-like [KO:K01762] [EC:4.4.1.14]
129900480  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 5-like [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
129903426  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 5-like [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
129891940  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 1 [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
129892400  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 4 [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
129871339  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 2 [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
129893419  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 1 [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
129873898  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
129874714  1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase-like [KO:K05933] [EC:1.14.17.4]
129887895  aspartokinase 2, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
129899142  bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K12524] [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3]
129902291  bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K12524] [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3]
129887894  uncharacterized protein LOC129887894 [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]
129880150  cystathionine gamma-synthase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01739] [EC:2.5.1.48]
129894274  cystathionine gamma-synthase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01739] [EC:2.5.1.48]
129872402  cystathionine gamma-synthase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01739] [EC:2.5.1.48]
129889826  branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]
129889834  branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]
129904621  branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]
129904622  branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]
129891121  branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase 2, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]
129873639  branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]
129876570  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
129902263  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
129890049  glutamate--cysteine ligase, chloroplastic [KO:K01919] [EC:6.3.2.2]
129886236  glutathione synthetase, chloroplastic [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]
129889434  aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic [KO:K14454] [EC:2.6.1.1]
129893470  aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic [KO:K14454] [EC:2.6.1.1]
129877767  aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K14455] [EC:2.6.1.1]
129892425  aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K14455] [EC:2.6.1.1]
129889088  aspartate aminotransferase, chloroplastic [KO:K00811] [EC:2.6.1.1]
129891660  thiosulfate/3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase 1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K01011] [EC:2.8.1.1 2.8.1.2]
129871144  thiosulfate/3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase 1, mitochondrial [KO:K01011] [EC:2.8.1.1 2.8.1.2]
129888527  L-lactate dehydrogenase B-like [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]
129888715  L-lactate dehydrogenase B-like [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]
129887660  D-cysteine desulfhydrase 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K05396] [EC:4.4.1.15]
129895036  putative D-cysteine desulfhydrase 1, mitochondrial [KO:K05396] [EC:4.4.1.15]
129895265  putative D-cysteine desulfhydrase 1, mitochondrial [KO:K05396] [EC:4.4.1.15]
129887072  L-cysteine desulfhydrase [KO:K22207] [EC:4.4.1.28]
129880172  probable L-cysteine desulfhydrase, chloroplastic [KO:K22207] [EC:4.4.1.28]
129883139  malate dehydrogenase [KO:K00025] [EC:1.1.1.37]
129884785  malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic-like isoform X1 [KO:K00025] [EC:1.1.1.37]
129885677  malate dehydrogenase, glyoxysomal [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
129892169  malate dehydrogenase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
129870655  malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
129893101  malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
129873375  malate dehydrogenase, glyoxysomal-like [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
129883212  malate dehydrogenase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
129896303  malate dehydrogenase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00026] [EC:1.1.1.37]
129877427  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
129894234  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 3, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
129894382  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 3, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
129873921  phosphoserine aminotransferase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
Compound
C00019  S-Adenosyl-L-methionine
C00021  S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine
C00022  Pyruvate
C00041  L-Alanine
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00051  Glutathione
C00059  Sulfate
C00065  L-Serine
C00073  L-Methionine
C00094  Sulfite
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00155  L-Homocysteine
C00170  5'-Methylthioadenosine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00283  Hydrogen sulfide
C00409  Methanethiol
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00491  L-Cystine
C00506  L-Cysteate
C00606  3-Sulfino-L-alanine
C00793  D-Cysteine
C00957  Mercaptopyruvate
C00979  O-Acetyl-L-serine
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01077  O-Acetyl-L-homoserine
C01118  O-Succinyl-L-homoserine
C01137  S-Adenosylmethioninamine
C01180  4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid
C01234  1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate
C01817  L-Homocystine
C01962  Thiocysteine
C02218  Dehydroalanine
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02356  (S)-2-Aminobutanoate
C02989  L-Methionine S-oxide
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03089  5-Methylthio-D-ribose
C03145  N-Formylmethionine
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03431  S-Inosyl-L-homocysteine
C03539  S-Ribosyl-L-homocysteine
C04188  S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribose 1-phosphate
C04582  S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribulose 1-phosphate
C05324  Nicotianamine
C05524  Aminoacyl-L-methionine
C05526  S-Glutathionyl-L-cysteine
C05527  3-Sulfinylpyruvate
C05528  3-Sulfopyruvate
C05823  3-Mercaptolactate
C05824  S-Sulfo-L-cysteine
C06547  Ethylene
C08276  3-(Methylthio)propanoate
C09306  Sulfur dioxide
C11437  1-Deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate
C11481  HSO3-
C11499  (S)-3-Sulfolactate
C11537  (2R)-3-Sulfolactate
C15606  1,2-Dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one
C15650  2,3-Diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate
C15651  2-Hydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate
C18049  N-Acyl-L-homoserine lactone
C19787  5'-S-Methyl-5'-thioinosine
C21015  gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-2-aminobutyrate
C21016  Ophthalmate
C22359  S-Methyl-1-thio-D-xylulose 5-phosphate
Reference
PMID:15102328
  Authors
Sekowska A, Denervaud V, Ashida H, Michoud K, Haas D, Yokota A, Danchin A
  Title
Bacterial variations on the methionine salvage pathway.
  Journal
BMC Microbiol 4:9 (2004)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-4-9
Reference
PMID:14551435
  Authors
Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Kobayashi K, Ogasawara N, Yokota A.
  Title
A functional link between RuBisCO-like protein of Bacillus and photosynthetic RuBisCO.
  Journal
Science 302:286-90 (2003)
DOI:10.1126/science.1086997
Reference
PMID:12022921
  Authors
Sekowska A, Danchin A.
  Title
The methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.
  Journal
BMC Microbiol 2:8 (2002)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-2-8
Reference
PMID:12670965
  Authors
Berger BJ, English S, Chan G, Knodel MH.
  Title
Methionine regeneration and aminotransferases in Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus anthracis.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 185:2418-31 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.8.2418-2431.2003
Reference
PMID:17169919
  Authors
Goyer A, Collakova E, Shachar-Hill Y, Hanson AD
  Title
Functional characterization of a methionine gamma-lyase in Arabidopsis and its implication in an alternative to the reverse trans-sulfuration pathway.
  Journal
Plant Cell Physiol 48:232-42 (2007)
DOI:10.1093/pcp/pcl055
Reference
PMID:17030798
  Authors
Rebeille F, Jabrin S, Bligny R, Loizeau K, Gambonnet B, Van Wilder V, Douce R, Ravanel S
  Title
Methionine catabolism in Arabidopsis cells is initiated by a gamma-cleavage process and leads to S-methylcysteine and isoleucine syntheses.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:15687-92 (2006)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0606195103
Reference
PMID:18625006
  Authors
Pirkov I, Norbeck J, Gustafsson L, Albers E
  Title
A complete inventory of all enzymes in the eukaryotic methionine salvage pathway.
  Journal
FEBS J 275:4111-20 (2008)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06552.x
Reference
PMID:18391471
  Authors
Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Yokota A
  Title
Enzymatic characterization of 5-methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase of the methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.
  Journal
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 72:959-67 (2008)
DOI:10.1271/bbb.70651
Reference
PMID:10613873
  Authors
Kitabatake M, So MW, Tumbula DL, Soll D
  Title
Cysteine biosynthesis pathway in the archaeon Methanosarcina barkeri encoded by acquired bacterial genes?
  Journal
J Bacteriol 182:143-5 (2000)
DOI:10.1128/JB.182.1.143-145.2000
Reference
PMID:12644499
  Authors
Mino K, Ishikawa K
  Title
Characterization of a novel thermostable O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase from Aeropyrum pernix K1.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 185:2277-84 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.7.2277-2284.2003
Reference
PMID:18520135
  Authors
Tanabe S
  Title
Development of assay methods for endogenous inorganic sulfur compounds and sulfurtransferases and evaluation of the physiological functions of bound sulfur.
  Journal
Yakugaku Zasshi 128:881-900 (2008)
DOI:10.1248/yakushi.128.881
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:19270684
  Authors
Gutierrez JA, Crowder T, Rinaldo-Matthis A, Ho MC, Almo SC, Schramm VL
  Title
Transition state analogs of 5'-methylthioadenosine nucleosidase disrupt quorum sensing.
  Journal
Nat Chem Biol 5:251-7 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nchembio.153
Related
pathway
sdul00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
sdul00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
sdul00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
sdul00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
sdul00430  Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism
sdul00480  Glutathione metabolism
sdul00620  Pyruvate metabolism
sdul00640  Propanoate metabolism
sdul00770  Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis
sdul00900  Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
sdul00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00270   
LinkDB

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