KEGG   PATHWAY: tru00260
Entry
tru00260                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Takifugu rubripes (torafugu)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
tru00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
tru00260

Module
tru_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:tru00260]
tru_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:tru00260]
tru_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:tru00260]
tru_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:tru00260]
tru_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:tru00260]
tru_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:tru00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Takifugu rubripes (torafugu) [GN:tru]
Gene
101072218  probable low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 2 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
101067349  serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
101061908  serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
101070792  shmt1; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
101065544  serine--pyruvate aminotransferase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
101064586  serine--pyruvate aminotransferase-like [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
101076742  glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase-like [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
101071406  grhpr; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
101075542  glyctk; glycerate kinase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
101061690  phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
101067231  phosphoglycerate mutase 1-like [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
101071060  phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
101074347  bpgm; bisphosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
101069266  phgdh; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
101076550  psat1; phosphoserine aminotransferase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
101075084  psph; phosphoserine phosphatase isoform X1 [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
101076031  gcat; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
101076975  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
101067002  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
101061330  5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial-like isoform X2 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
101062386  alas2; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
101063380  alas1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
101063937  maob; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
105416526  probable flavin-containing monoamine oxidase A isoform X1 [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
101069735  primary amine oxidase, liver isozyme-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
101068418  gldc; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
101067904  amt; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
101063286  dld; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
101073449  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
101076740  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
101077517  dao; D-amino-acid oxidase isoform X2 [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
101075075  agxt2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
101070450  gatm; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
101067635  gamt; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
101067005  chdh; choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
101066288  aldh7a1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
101061373  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1-like [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
101062063  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
101062880  dmgdh; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
101063029  pipox; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
101066393  sardh; sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
101067368  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
115246826  glycine N-methyltransferase-like [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
101070644  cystathionine beta-synthase [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
101076573  cystathionine beta-synthase-like [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
101064271  cth; cystathionine gamma-lyase [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
101063567  L-threo-3-hydroxyaspartate ammonia-lyase-like isoform X2 [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
115249707  L-threo-3-hydroxyaspartate ammonia-lyase-like isoform X1 [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
101075429  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
101066181  serine dehydratase-like isoform X2 [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
101078510  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
101079404  uncharacterized protein LOC101079404 [KO:K20498] [EC:4.3.1.18]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
tru00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
tru00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
tru00230  Purine metabolism
tru00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
tru00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
tru00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
tru00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
tru00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
tru00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
tru00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
tru00620  Pyruvate metabolism
tru00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
tru00640  Propanoate metabolism
tru00860  Porphyrin metabolism
tru00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
LinkDB

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