KEGG   PATHWAY: aly00260
Entry
aly00260                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Arabidopsis lyrata (lyrate rockcress)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
aly00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
aly00260

Module
aly_M00018  Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:aly00260]
aly_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:aly00260]
aly_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:aly00260]
aly_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:aly00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Arabidopsis lyrata (lyrate rockcress) [GN:aly]
Gene
9309674  aspartokinase 1, chloroplastic [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
9320316  aspartokinase 3, chloroplastic [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
9307668  aspartokinase 2, chloroplastic [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
9303996  bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase 2, chloroplastic isoform X1 [KO:K12524] [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3]
9327186  bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic [KO:K12524] [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3]
9328893  uncharacterized protein LOC9328893 [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]
9308035  uncharacterized protein LOC9308035 isoform X1 [KO:K00003] [EC:1.1.1.3]
9303150  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: homoserine kinase [KO:K00872] [EC:2.7.1.39]
9320113  homoserine kinase [KO:K00872] [EC:2.7.1.39]
9303457  threonine synthase 1, chloroplastic [KO:K01733] [EC:4.2.3.1]
9323518  threonine synthase 2, chloroplastic isoform X1 [KO:K01733] [EC:4.2.3.1]
9320516  probable low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 2 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
9325771  probable low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 1 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
9306422  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 4 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
9304401  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 5 isoform X2 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
9303311  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 3, chloroplastic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
9302994  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
9308303  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
9329268  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 6 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
9327283  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 7 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
9321937  serine--glyoxylate aminotransferase [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
9324707  glycerate dehydrogenase HPR, peroxisomal [KO:K15893] [EC:1.1.1.29]
9323920  glyoxylate/hydroxypyruvate reductase A HPR2 [KO:K15919] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
9326003  glyoxylate/hydroxypyruvate reductase HPR3 [KO:K15919] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
9316256  glyoxylate/hydroxypyruvate reductase HPR3 [KO:K15919] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
9323779  uncharacterized protein LOC9323779 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
9326559  uncharacterized protein LOC9326559 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
9313818  phosphoglycerate mutase-like protein 4 [KO:K15634] [EC:5.4.2.11]
9309204  metal-independent phosphoserine phosphatase [KO:K15634] [EC:5.4.2.11]
9318640  probable 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K15633] [EC:5.4.2.12]
9325834  2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [KO:K15633] [EC:5.4.2.12]
9323897  D-glycerate 3-kinase, chloroplastic isoform X2 [KO:K15918] [EC:2.7.1.31]
9303201  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
9319252  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 3, chloroplastic [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
9326308  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 2, chloroplastic [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
9319958  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
9303135  phosphoserine aminotransferase 1, chloroplastic [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
9320138  phosphoserine aminotransferase 2, chloroplastic [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
9326354  phosphoserine phosphatase, chloroplastic [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
9311682  primary amine oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
9327006  primary amine oxidase [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
9327008  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: primary amine oxidase [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
9306342  primary amine oxidase 1 [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
9322518  primary amine oxidase [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
9317922  uncharacterized protein LOC9317922 [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
9310828  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: primary amine oxidase [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
9313366  primary amine oxidase [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
9308719  primary amine oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
9316808  glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
9303284  glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
9325963  aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
9319102  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
9321261  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
9306249  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 2, chloroplastic [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
9330152  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
9317460  glycine cleavage system H protein 1, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
9317442  glycine cleavage system H protein 2, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
9327055  glycine cleavage system H protein 3, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
9302946  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
9315810  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
9318653  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 3, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
9329338  glutamate--glyoxylate aminotransferase 1 [KO:K14272] [EC:2.6.1.4 2.6.1.2 2.6.1.44]
9323376  glutamate--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 [KO:K14272] [EC:2.6.1.4 2.6.1.2 2.6.1.44]
9303455  choline monooxygenase, chloroplastic [KO:K00499] [EC:1.14.15.7]
9325063  betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic [KO:K00130] [EC:1.2.1.8]
9311950  betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00130] [EC:1.2.1.8]
9327851  aldehyde dehydrogenase family 7 member B4 [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
9316664  probable sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
9320840  threonine dehydratase biosynthetic, chloroplastic [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
9310772  serine racemase isoform X1 [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
9314060  tryptophan synthase alpha chain, chloroplastic [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
9308898  tryptophan synthase alpha chain [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
9305652  tryptophan synthase beta chain 2, chloroplastic [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
9328714  tryptophan synthase beta chain 1 isoform X1 [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
9300432  tryptophan synthase beta chain 1, chloroplastic [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
9306906  uncharacterized protein LOC9306906 [KO:K06001] [EC:4.2.1.20]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
aly00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
aly00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
aly00230  Purine metabolism
aly00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
aly00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
aly00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
aly00300  Lysine biosynthesis
aly00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
aly00460  Cyanoamino acid metabolism
aly00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
aly00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
aly00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
aly00620  Pyruvate metabolism
aly00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
aly00640  Propanoate metabolism
aly00860  Porphyrin metabolism
aly00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
LinkDB

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