KEGG   PATHWAY: bbub00260
Entry
bbub00260                   Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Bubalus bubalis (water buffalo)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
bbub00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
bbub00260

Module
bbub_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:bbub00260]
bbub_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:bbub00260]
bbub_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:bbub00260]
bbub_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:bbub00260]
bbub_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:bbub00260]
bbub_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:bbub00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Bubalus bubalis (water buffalo) [GN:bbub]
Gene
102388945  GCAT; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
102389655  SRR; serine racemase isoform X2 [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
102390929  [KO:K02437]
102391003  CBS; cystathionine beta-synthase-like protein isoform X2 [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
102391870  ALDH7A1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase isoform X1 [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
102393250  DMGDH; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
102394345  [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
102394583  PIPOX; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase isoform X2 [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
102395585  GNMT; glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
102396503  [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
102397187  [KO:K02437]
102397937  CTH; cystathionine gamma-lyase [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
102398040  SHMT2; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
102399859  [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
102400250  GCSH; glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
102401203  PGAM1; phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
102402256  [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
102402351  GLDC; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
102402470  BPGM; bisphosphoglycerate mutase isoform X1 [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
102402572  [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
102402980  [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
102402990  AMT; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
102403974  AOC2; retina-specific copper amine oxidase [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
102404714  MAOA; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
102405157  AGXT; serine--pyruvate aminotransferase [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
102405347  MAOB; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
102405715  GATM; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
102406236  CHDH; choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
102406416  ALAS2; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
102406755  SHMT1; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
102407897  SARDH; sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X3 [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
102410803  PSAT1; phosphoserine aminotransferase isoform X1 [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
102411011  GAMT; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
102412114  PHGDH; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
102412409  DAO; D-amino-acid oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
102413084  DLD; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
102413826  ALAS1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
102414126  [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
102414194  [KO:K02437]
102414659  SDS; L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
102414994  SDSL; serine dehydratase-like isoform X1 [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
102415314  PSPH; phosphoserine phosphatase isoform X1 [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
102415414  AGXT2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
102415935  GLYCTK; glycerate kinase isoform X1 [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
102415985  PGAM2; phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
102416142  GRHPR; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase isoform X1 [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
bbub00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
bbub00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
bbub00230  Purine metabolism
bbub00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
bbub00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
bbub00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
bbub00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
bbub00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
bbub00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
bbub00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
bbub00620  Pyruvate metabolism
bbub00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
bbub00640  Propanoate metabolism
bbub00860  Porphyrin metabolism
bbub00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   

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